distance; besides the necessary dredging, it contemplated building a breakwater east of the channel over the bar at the river's mouth. The amount appropriated for this river is $71,200, of which $67,859.18 have been expended. A channel of the required depth has been dredged several times through the worst bars; the present available depth over them is about 5 feet. During the past fiscal year a channel 35 feet wide and 7 feet deep was excavated over the bar at the mouth under contract with oyster planters, who wished to use the material, and did the work free of cost to the Government. A similar contract is now in progress for making a channel 9 feet deep and 70 feet wide through the bar. The permanency of this channel, without protection from a jetty, is by no means assured. During the ensuing year $10,000 could be expended advantageously in building a jetty at the mouth of the river, in removing Drew's Rock, and in maintaining a navigable channel 7 feet deep. July 1, 1885, amount available.... July 1, 1886, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1885..... July 1, 1886, amount available...... $4,495 85 1 155 03 3,340 82 Amount appropriated by act approved August 5, 1886 . 5,000 00 Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1887 8,340 82 ́Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project........ 25,000 00 10,000 00 (See Appendix D 8.) 9. Bridgeport Harbor, Connecticut.—The available depth in this harbor was originally 5 feet at mean low water. The first project for improvement provided for a jetty on the east shore to check the influx of sand, and for dredging to make a channel 200 feet wide and 12 feet deep at mean low water. In 1882, after the jetty had been built and the desired channel secured, a project was adopted for widening to 600 feet the channel from the inner beacon to the Naugatuck Railroad Wharf, to provide room for vessels driven in by bad weather without blocking the main channel. The estimated cost of the latter project was $60,000. Two hundred and ten thousand dollars have been appropriated for this harbor, of which $15,000 have been appropriated for, and nearly all expended on, the present project. The channel has been made 440 feet wide and 12 feet deep between the inner beacon and the railroad wharf. Shoals have been formed in parts of the channel which will require excavating. No work was done during the past fiscal year. July 1, 1885, amount available... $792 78 July 1, 1886, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1885.. 619 30 July 1, 1886, amount available...... 173 48 Amount appropriated by act approved August 5, 1886.. 20,000 00 Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1887...... 20,173 48 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project 25,000 00 25,000 00 (See Appendix D 9.) 10. Black Rock Harbor, Connecticut.-This harbor consists of a bay partly sheltered by Fairweather Island, and of two small tidal streams extending inland from the head of the bay. The depth in Cedar Creek, the most important of these streams, was from 2 to 4 feet at low water, and the channel was narrow and very crooked. The project for improvement, submitted in 1883, includes dredging a channel, 3,300 feet long, 80 feet wide, and 6 feet deep to extend up Cedar Creek, and a breakwater 2,700 feet long from Fairweather Island to the mainland; the estimated cost was $80,000. Twenty thousand dollars have been appropriated and nearly all expended upon this project. The breakwater has been built the full length, though not to the width and height projected, and the channel has been dredged 35 feet wide, 6 feet deep, and 2,700 feet long. During the past fiscal year 5,540 tons of stone were delivered in the breakwater, giving it the full length required. Under the next appropriation dredging will be done as provided by the project; $20,000 could be profitably expended for this work during the next fiscal year. July 1, 1885, amount available... $9,972 76 July 1, 1886, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1885.... 9,168 56 July 1, 1886, amount available... 804 20 Amount appropriated by act approved August 5, 1886.... 5,000 00 Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1887 5,804 20 (Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.... Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1888 Submitted in compliance with requirements of section 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix D 10.) 55, 000 00 20,000 00 11. Southport Harbor, Connecticut.-The original depth in this harbor from Long Island Sound to the village wharves was but 2 feet at low water. Between 1829 and 1838 a breakwater and dike were built east of the channel to protect it from drifting sand. The project for improvement, adopted in 1876 and modified in 1880, included repairing the breakwater and dikes, and dredging a channel 100 feet wide and 4 feet deep to the village wharves. Thirty-one thousand eighty-seven dollars and twenty-three cents have been appropriated for this harbor, of which $18,000 have been applied to the last project. The breakwater and dike have been repaired and the channel has been made 4 feet deep with a width of 95 feet outside the end of the breakwater, and 50 to 80 feet wide above that point. Nothing was done during the past fiscal year. Although the proposed width of channel has not been fully secured, this improvement may be considered completed as far as is now needed. No appropriation is required for the ensuing fiscal year. July 1, 1885, amount available............ July 1, 1886, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1885... July 1, 1886, amount available.. (See Appendix D 11.) $159 07 79 47 79 60 12. Norwalk Harbor, Connecticut.-This harbor consists of the tidal part of Norwalk River, extending from Norwalk to Long Island Sound, a distance of 3 miles. South Norwalk is about 13 miles below Norwalk. Originally the depth up to South Norwalk was about 5 feet at low water; between there and Norwalk the bed ran nearly bare. The first project for improvement contemplated a channel 100 feet wide and 6 feet deep from Long Island Sound to Norwalk. In 1881 this project was modified to provide for 8 feet depth below South Norwalk. The last estimate for this work places the cost from commencement at $84,000. Seventy-four thousand two hundred and forty-six dollars and sixtysix cents have been appropriated, and nearly all expended upon this project; some parts of the river have required dredging several times. A channel has been made 100 feet wide and 8 feet deep to South Norwalk, and thence to Norwalk from 60 to 100 feet wide and 6 feet deep. This channel is in a navigable condition, though it has shoaled in places from 1 to 2 feet. The contract in operation at the beginning of the last fiscal year was completed, resulting in widening the 8-foot channel below South Norwalk to 100 feet. The amount estimated as required for the completion of the project could be advantageously expended in a single year. July 1, 1885, amount available.. $3,713 34 July 1, 1886, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1885..... 2,960 12 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project...- 7,000 00 7,000 00 13. Port Chester Harbor, New York.-This harbor consists of a bay opening into Long Island Sound at the mouth of the Byram River and of the lower part of the river itself, which is navigable for about a mile above its mouth. The original available depth in the river was not above a foot at low water, and Salt Rock in the river and Sunken Rock in the bay were considered dangerous obstructions. The scheme for improvement, adopted in 1871, provided for the removal of these rocks to 9 and 11 feet depth respectively, and for the construction of a breakwater on the bar at the mouth of the harbor, at an estimated cost of $96,632. In 1884 the project was amended to provide for dredging a channel 3 feet deep and from 60 to 100 feet wide from the bay to the vicinity of the wharves. The total amount appropriated for this harbor is $27,000, of which $24,490.38 had been expended up to July 1, 1886. Salt Rock has been removed to the required depth of 9 feet at mean low water, and a channel 23 feet deep and not less than 40 feet wide has been nearly completed to the wharves. During the past fiscal year dredging has been carried on and is still in progress, with a view to straightening the channel and giving it a uniform depth. This will be completed under a contract now in force. Future appropriations will be applied to the removal of Sunken Rock, as provided in the project for improvement. July 1, 1885, amount available. July 1, 1886, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1885. July 1, 1886, outstanding liabilities.. July 1, 1886, amount available.................. $4,913 18 $2,403 56 942 54 3,346 10 1,567 08 69,632 00 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project. Submitted in compliance with requirements of section 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix D 13.) 14. New Rochelle Harbor, New York.-This harbor consists mainly of a narrow and crooked channel lying between rocky islands. The project for improvement, adopted in 1871, provided for removal of two rocks and for dredging and removing a reef to secure a channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide between Hunter's and Flat islands; the estimated cost was $40,825. Thirty-five thousand dollars have been appropriated for this work; of this sum $17,493.63 have been expended. The channel has been dredged and the reef removed to sufficient extent, though not quite as far as projected; one of the rocks, Corning Rock, has been removed to the required depth of 12 feet; upon the other, Rock "C," no work has been done. Nothing was done during the past fiscal year. The balance available is probably sufficient for removing Rock "C," should it be found, on examination, that the necessity for its removal still exists. July 1, 1885, amount available..... July 1, 186, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1885 ... July 1, 1886, amount available $18,210 61 704 24 17,506 37 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project........ Submitted in compliance with requirements of section 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. 5,825 00 (See Appendix D 14.) 15. Echo Harbor, New Rochelle, New York.-The channel of this harbor was obstructed by two reefs, Start Rock and Sheepshead Rock, the former bare at low water, the latter covered to a foot depth or more. The project for improvement, adopted in 1876, provided for the removal of these reefs to 6 feet and 9 feet depths, respectively. Subsequently the project was modified to provide for a depth of 7 feet over Start Rock. The estimated cost was $38,955.38. Twenty-two thousand dollars have been appropriated for this harbor, of which $19,743.13 have been expended. Start Rock has been wholly removed to 7 feet depth and part of Sheepshead Rock to 9 feet depth. The available funds were not sufficient for continuing operations on Sheepshead Rock, and nothing was done during the past fiscal year. According to the estimate the amount required for completion of the project is $17,000. July 1, 1885, amount available July 1, 1886, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1885 July 1, 1886, amount available.... $3,361 87 105 00 3,256 87 The project for improvement, adopted in 1872 and modified in 1873, provided for a channel 9 feet deep at high water, extending to a point 3,000 feet above Lockwood's, and for 5,800 feet of diking to maintain the channel. The estimated cost was $136,500. Of this sum $54,000 have been appropriated and nearly all expended. The channel has been made 9 feet deep and 125 feet wide to the head of Goose Island, one-half mile from the mouth of the creek; thence to Town Dock from 40 to 90 feet wide, and from Town Dock to Lockwood's 100 feet wide, and 1,235 linear feet of diking have been built. No work was done during the past fiscal year. July 1, 1835, amount available.... $81 50 July 1, 1886, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1885.... 32 60 July 1, 1886, amount available............... 48 90 Amount appropriated by act approved August 5, 1886.... 10,000 00 Amount available for fiscal year ending June 30, 1887... 10,048 90 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project 72,500 00 10,000 00 (See Appendix D 20.) IMPROVEMENT OF HUDSON RIVER AND OF HARBORS OF RONDOUT AND SAUGERTIES, NEW YORK-REMOVING OBSTRUCTIONS IN EAST RIVER AND HELL GATE-IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE VICINITY OF NEW YORK AND IN NORTHERN NEW JERSEY-IMPROVEMENT OF ENTRANCE TO NEW YORK HARBOR. Officer in charge, Lieut. Col. Walter McFarland, Corps of Engineers, with Lieut. George McC. Derby, Corps of Engineers, under his immediate orders. 1. Hudson River, New York.-The improvement of the channel of this river has been chiefly confined to a stretch of about 21 miles, extending from Troy, at the head of navigation 6 miles above Albany, down to New Baltimore, about 14 miles below Albany. Before the present scheme of improvement was adopted in 1867, a depth of 7.5 feet could be carried at low water from New Baltimore to Albary, and 7.2 feet from Albany to Troy. According to the survey made in September, October, and November, 1884, 10 feet could then be carried from New Baltimore to Albany, except at one point, Beacon Island, where there was a depth of but 8.8 feet at mean low water, and 8 feet could be carried from Albany to Troy, except at Covill's Folly and Patroon's Island, where the depths were 7.8 and 7.5 feet, respectively, at low water. The channels over several of these shoals have since been deepened by the dredges employed by the State. The project for the improvement of the river adopted in 1867, provided for securing, by means of longitudinal dikes and by dredging, channels of 11 feet deep at mean low water, between New Baltimore and Albany, and 9 feet deep between Albany and Troy. The original estimate of cost was increased by the addition of new work in 1868, and again in 1882, when the total cost of executing the project was estimated at $1,062,304; of this amount the sum of $1,053,538, has been appropriated, including $26,250 appropriated by the act of |