An Elementary Ethics

action answer argument asceticism assertion assignable circumstances astronomer astronomer's mind Ayer believe Bentham categorical imperative chance claim common conscience critical processes critical rules criticize and revise demand deny determinism Dewey Dewey's distinction dualism embody emotive theory emotivism ethical terms evil express or arouse fact first-order theories fixed ends Gordian knot greatest number human nature hypothesis illusion institutions John Dewey Kant legislative definition locus logician marriage matter mechanical rules ment moral concepts moral judgments moral philosophy moralist natural history Nietzsche Nietzsche's notion occur Paley person pessimism possible presuppose presuppositions principle of morality principle of utility problem problem of evil propose pseudo concept punish purpose question rational reason for calling right and wrong scientific second-order theories sense social Socrates solar system speak statement subjectivism Suppose theory of fixed thing tion tive traditional ethical theory true or false Utilitarianism word wrongdoing