APPENDIX C C c.

EXPLORATIONS AND SURVEYS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF ARIZONA.

REPORT OF LIEUTENANT THEO. A. BINGHAM, COrps of ENGINEERS, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1884.

HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF ARIZONA,

ENGINEER OFFICE,

Whipple Barracks, Prescott, Ariz., June 30, 1884.

GENERAL: I have the honor to submit the following report of this office for the fiscal year ending this day:

PERSONNEL.

I reported for duty as Engineer officer of the Department (per Special Order No. 85, series of 1883, Adjutant-General's Office, Washington) August 9, 1883, relieving Lieut. G. J. Fiebeger, Corps of Engineers. Topographical Assistants Paul Winckler and E. D. Williams were on duty in the office. The latter has remained throughout the year. The former was discharged December 10, 1883.

On January 1, Oskar Huber, corporal Troop C, Sixth Cavalry, was transferred to fill the vacancy, and has remained since. Two weeks after reporting I left my station to lay out the northern boundary of the White Mountain Apache Indian Reserve.

Returned November 9, 1883.

Submitted report with map, blue print of which was forwarded to your office.

The line laid out was over 90 miles long.

The winter was spent as follows:

Office work of this survey.

Arranging the maps and records of this office, which were in great confusion, so as to be safe from loss and easy of reference.

The usual printing of road-maps of the Territory as called for by officers.

Tracing and printing of many other official drawings, as quarters, plans for water-works, &c.

Two reports were made with drawings on the proposed water supplyat Fort Huachuca.

One with drawings on same at Fort Grant.

Experiments were made in printing by the nigrographic process (black lines on white ground), but could not be satisfactorily carried on for lack of funds.

All unserviceable engineering instruments at the various posts were called in and good ones, as far as possible, issued, together with blank scouting note-books.

At every post in the Territory whence a scout is likely to be ordered, General Orders No. 4, series of 1873, Adjutant-General's Office, Washington, and circular thereto of June 6, 1873, can be complied with. That order and circular were republished at my request as a depart ment general order (General Order 21, of 1883), for the information and guidance of those concerned.

All the unserviceable instruments were examined, and such as could be, repaired here. Inspection report was made on the rest, and all instruments now on my papers are ready for use.

The remoteness of the engineer office from the other department staff offices was found to be a great inconvenience, and was remedied by removal to rooms close by.

March 22, 1884, left station to lay out western boundary of White Mountain Apache Indian Reserve. The northern 30 miles were laid out by my predecessor. I laid out the line from Sombrero Butte to mouth of San Pedro River.

Returned May 29. Rendered report. Map not yet finished.

FIELD WORK.

Survey northern boundary White Mountain Apache Indian Reserve. August to November, 1883. Survey of western boundary of same from Sombrero Butte to mouth of San Pedro River. April and May, 1884. Line of levels, engineer office to signal office. Drainage levels at Whipple Barracks. Rerunning line of post reservation at request of a citizen. Survey of 1,000 yards rifle-range at these headquarters.

OFFICE WORK.

Plotting of above field work. Corrected plan of post and headquarters. Two separate drawings of pumping engine at depot, one finished in water-colors.

Two different plans (4 sheets) for water supply at Fort Huachuca. One plan of same for Fort Grant. All new information got from individuals, and from comparison of maps, and review of field notes on file, has been put on the maps in progress in the office.

All newly surveyed townships have been likewise inserted.

The large map of the Territory begun under my predecessor was found to have many of these townships wrongly entered, which neces sitated a redrawing of the whole map, whose progress has been much delayed by my absences in the field.

Tracings of the boundaries of the White Mountain Indian Reservation, which have been surveyed, have been made, with copies of the field notes, for the Honorable Secretary of the Interior.

A map of this reservation, on scale 4 miles to the inch, showing the surrounding country, also boundary line, township and county lines, m es, &c., is nearly completed.

It is part of my duty before closing to urge the heretofore long unsuccessful request of my predecessors for money. This office has not for two years at least had one cent at its disposal. What supplies it got came grudgingly (naturally so) from the Quartermaster's Department, and now that department decides that such expenditure is not a proper one. It is hoped that this decision will be changed, however, upon a strong representation of the necessities of the case.

The stock of paper for blue printing is exhausted, and the continual calls for maps by officers have to be denied.

A fact to show the crying necessity for this paper in this office is the late change of station between the Fourth and Sixth regiments of cavalry. The Fourth Regiment is ordered to this Territory. Every officer should be provided with all the information in possession of this office in regard to Arizona, which is perfectly new to them, and there is not the means to furnish a single road map! Nor was I able to furnish one to the officers marching out. We cannot make copies of the important map whose field work has just been finished.

But the most important use of this paper, which we have not got, is this: Prints are made of the map of the Territory and kept in constant circulation to railroad and civil engineers, mining superintendents, mining engineers, stagemen, prospectors, &c.; a great deal of important information is thus gleaned to be sifted for the large map of the Territory, always in progress at this office.

There is on hand drawing and tracing stock, pencils, &c., enough to last for about six months.

If the Quartermaster's Department continues its refusal to be generous, and no appropriation is made, the duties of this office will become very simple indeed.

Again, if a small amount of money were available slight repairs could be made to instruments, for the transportation of which to the Engineer depot at Willets Point the Government now pays often five or more times the cost of such repairs. Besides, when an instrument is broken the delay in replacing it has several times prevented the doing of important work.

In other words, $200 placed at the disposal of this office would enable work to be done, which, if able to be carried out at all, would, under the present arrangement, probably cost the Government $1,000 during the year.

There is another subject which I earnestly urge for your favorable recommendation—a photographic outfit for use in connection with surveys. It should not be necessary to enlarge upon the importance of the camera in this connection, which rapidly is becoming appreciated, especially in exploration of new country, such as is frequently the field work of this office. There will be found upon the plat of the western line of the Indian reserve several views of prominent peaks, due to the skill and pencil of Topographical Assistant Huber. These could have been multiplied ten times without further delay had a photographic outfit been available, and all engineer officers of departments are capable of doing such work. A picture of this kind is of the greatest assistance to a stranger following a scouting map, and also would be of use in settling the question of disputed names, which question has already frequently arisen in my experience here.

The cost of such an outfit is small, $150 being ample at the beginning, and $50 a year would be sufficient for materials.

I have, therefore, the honor respectfully to urge in the interest of the 5908 EN-151

Government that the following sums may be appropriated for use by this office during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1885:

For blue printing materials for distribution of maps, corrected from time to time, and for ordinary expenses of office work...

For camera, dry plates, chemicals, paper, &c., for field use

One year's photographic supply..

Total......

$200

150

25

375

It is hoped that the small size of the total will not cause it to be ignored.

Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

To the CHIEF OF ENGINEERS,

THEO. A. BINGHAM,
First Lieutenant of Engineers,
Engineer Officer, Department Arizona.

U. S. Army.

APPENDIX D D D.

EXPLORATIONS AND SURVEYS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF THE COLUMBIA.

REPORT OF LIEUTENANT GEORGE W. GOETHALS, CORPS OF ENGINEERS, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1884.

HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE COLUMBIA,
OFFICE OF CHIEF ENGINEER,

Vancouver Barracks, Wash., July 15, 1884.

GENERAL: I have the honor to submit the following report of engineer operations in the Department of the Columbia for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1884.

PERSONNEL.

Private Alfred Downing, topographical assistant, has been employed throughout the year.

Private Charles A. Homan, topographical assistant, was, at his own request, discharged, June 1, 1884.

Private William H. Stair, topographical assistant, was enlisted June 1, 1884, since which date he has been on duty in this office.

FIELD WORK.

On July 1, 1883, I was camped at Lake Osoyoos, Washington, carrying out the provisions of paragraph 3, Department Special Order No. 78, series of 1883, and, having determined by personal inspection that the route to the Okinakane Mission, British Columbia, was impracticable for wagons, we left for Cœur d'Alene, July 5, after Mr. Downing's return from Fort Hope, British Columbia, by two routes. One party, under Mr. Downing, was sent via Kettle River trail, while the other, under my charge, via Hudson Bay trail.

At old Fort Colville our two parties united, and there I left instructions for the distribution of grain along the Little Mountain trail, which I selected as the best route to Osoyoos. From here to Cœur d'Alene we proceeded via Camp Spokane, so that I would be able to report upon the entire route as required by above orders.

We reached Fort Coeur d'Alene July 25, where a report and map were prepared. Topographical Assistant Downing returned to Vancouver. As required by General Sherman, I made out a line of march from Fort Cœur d'Alene, Idaho, to Fort Hope, British Columbia, with camps, &c., which was approved by him. Upon the arrival of the depart