located. But the whole vast series of Insessores stands exceedingly in need of thorough revision by a naturalist of sufficient penetration to distinguish between mere superficial modifications bearing reference to habit, and the more immediate subtypes of form upon which such varied modifications are especially based. 23. Heterornis (olim Cutia) Nipalensis, Hodgson, Journ. As. Soc. 1836, 771. A singular form, not without some distant affinity to the last, but nearly related to nought with which I am acquainted. 24. Pteruthius erythropterus, Swainson; Lanius erythropterus, Vigors, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1831, 22, and figured in Gould's Century, Pl. XI. Female, differing from the figure in Gould's work by having the back and scapularies more tinged with cinereous, and the purer ash-grey of the head continued to beyond the occiput, and including the ear-coverts. A young male differs in the looser texture of its clothing feathers, in having the head and ear-coverts concolorous with the back, and the same defined white streak commencing above the eye as in the mature male; this being wanting, or only the merest trace existing of it, in the female. 25. Pt. rufiventer, Nobis, n. s. ? Female allied to the preceding species, but differing in the disposition of its colours, in having a longer and more graduated tail, and in its beak being somewhat longer and more compressed, with the terminal hook of the upper mandible rather less developed. Length 7 inches, of wing from bend barely 3 inches, and middle tail feathers 3 inches, the outermost 1 inch shorter; bill inch to forehead, and 1 inch to gape; tarse 1 inch. Back and scapularies vivid olive-green, a little mingled with black, which may be the predominant colour of these parts in the male: forehead, lores, super-orbitary region, sides of the head, ear-coverts, throat, and breast, ash-grey, passing into deep black on the crown, which colour is continued over the occiput and nape : rest of the under-parts dull ferruginous, with an ill-defined broad zone of saffron across the lower part of the breast, bordering the grey: upper tail-coverts, and tips of the secondaries and of the longest tertiary, together with those of all the tailfeathers, deep ferruginous: wings principally green externally, the winglet and primary-coverts black, and all but the two outermost primaries more or less edged with whitish-grey, towards the tip only in the more inward, the rest of the edging being green: internally all the wing-feathers are black, the secondaries narrowly edged, and the tertiaries broadly, with green; the under-surface of the wings is fulvescentwhite where pure white in Pt. erythropterus: uropygials green with black shafts; the next pair of tail-feathers having a green outer-margin increasing in breadth towards the base, and the rest of the tail wholly black, excepting the rufous tips before noticed: the three outermost rectrices successively graduate in length, while the others are subequal. Bill black, and legs apparently light brown. 26. Leiothrix calipyga: Calipyga (olim Bahila) calipyga, Hodgson, Ind. Rev. 1838, 88. 27. L. cyanoptera: Hemiparus (olim Siva) cyanoptera, Hodgson, Ind. Rev., 1838, 88; Leiothrix lepida, McClelland and Horsfield, P. Z. S. 1839, 162. 28. L. strigula : H. strigula, Hodgson, Ind. Rev. 1838, 89. The Asiatic Society's Museum contains examples of three species of this elegant group, viz. cyanoptera, ignotincta (Proparus―olim Minlaignotinctus, Hodgson, Ind. Rev., 1838, 32, seu Leiothrix ornata, McClelland and Horsfield, P. Z. S., 1839, 162), and Nipalensis (Hemiparus — olim Siva-Nipalensis, Hodgson, Ind. Rev, 1838, 89). The L. signata, McClelland and Horsfield, P. Z. S., 1839, 162, is clearly distinct from any of those of Mr. Hodgson, who further describes L. (Proparus, olim Minla,) castaniceps, (Philocalyx, olim Mesia,) argentauris, and (Hemiparus, olim Siva,) vinipectus. I do not myself perceive the necessity of subgenerically dividing them, and much suspect that several will prove to have prior appellations. The Polyodon (olim Yuhina), Hodgson, As. Res. XIX, 165, to judge from the Society's specimens of P. flavicollis (referred with a note of doubt to this genus by Mr. Hodgson), would seem to be closely allied. 29. Parus flavocristatus, de Lafresnage; Mesange á huppe jaune, Guerin, Mag. Zool., Pl. LXXX, Janvier, 1837, apud Horsfield: P. sultaneus, Hodgson, Ind. Rev. April, 1837, p. 81. 30. Tricophorus striatus, Nobis. Female: the sexes, however, reported to be similar. Length 8 inches, of wing 4 inches, and tail 4 inches; bill to forehead inch, and tarse under inch. General colour olive-green, brightest on the wings and rump, the crown and back darker, with a tinge of cinereous on the latter, and the feathers of these parts having a narrow white mesial streak occupying their shafts: occipital plumes elongated, but having no hair-like stems intermixed: chin, a streak from the nostril to near the eye, the fore-part of the wings underneath, and the lower tail-coverts, bright yellow; a tinge of the same on the throat, foreneck, and belly, the feathers of the fore-neck being each tipped with a black spot: breast and ear-coverts whitish, tipped and laterally margined with greyish-black, the tips becoming obsolete on the belly : tail dusky, having its exterior webs greenish to near the end, and tinged with yellow underneath; the two outermost rectrices, and the third to a less extent, tipped chiefly on the inner vane with yellowish white. Bill blackish, and legs dusky-brown. This species would seem to be allied to Tr. flaveolus, Gould (P. Z. S. 1836, 6), which is also from the Himalaya, and was met with by Dr. McClelland in Assam. "Tr. cristatus, supra olivaceo-flavescens; genis guttureque sordide albis. Long. tot, 8 unc; rostri, 6; alæ, 4; caudæ, 31⁄2 ; tarsi, Rostrum pedesque corneo-brunnei. The crest," it is added, "consists of elongated feathers, intermingled with the hairy bristles usual in the genus." The same species is thus described by Dr. McClelland." Length 8 inches. Colour yellowish-green above, with a tinge of brown on the wings and tail, beneath bright yellow crested with narrow feathers, becoming progressively longer from the nostrils to the crown: bill strong, compressed, and slightly hooked; cheeks and nape scantily covered with feathers." (P. Z. S. 1839, 158). 7 : Mr. Jerdon adds to the Indian species of this genus a bird which he conceives to be the Turdus Indicus of the old authors, and which he briefly describes as follows, by the appellation of Tr. Indicus, remarking that the Tr. flaveolus, Gould, appears to differ only in being crested. "Length 7 to 8 inches, wing 4 inches, tail 34 inches, tarsus rather more than ths. Above olive green; eye-streak (extending to the forehead), and beneath, yellow; bill and legs black; irides blood-red. This bird frequents only thick and lofty jungle on the West Coast, being found occasionally as high as 5000 feet. It lives in small flocks, flying from tree to tree, and keeping up a continual and pleasing Bulbul-like warble. In all the specimens I have examined, I have found fruit only in its stomach; but from the strong bristles at the base of the bill, I suppose it may, at certain seasons, partake of insects. The same gentleman assigns to this genus, at least provisionally, the Ixos virescens, Tem., and a typical species exists in the Javanese Turdus gularis, Hors field, described as follows: T. fuscescente olivaceus alis caudáque ferrugeneis, guld alba, abdomine flavo. Remiges internè fuscæ; vertex griseo ferrugineus; axillæ flavescentes. Longitudo 7 poll." (Lin. Trans. xiii, 150). To these may be added Tr. crispiceps, nobis, described in my Report for February as an inhabitant of Tenasserim and the Malay Peninsula. 31. Pycnonotus (Kuhl; Brachypus,* Swainson;) melanocephalus, Hardwicke and Gray: Vanga flaviventris, Tickell, J. A. S. II. 573. 32. Hypsipetes psaroides, Vigors, P. Z. S. 1831, 43, and figured in Gould's Century, pl. x. A very closely allied species to this has recently been discovered on the Neilgheirries, the H. Neilgheiriensis, Jerdon, Madr. Jour. No. xxv, 245, and there is another in the Indian Peninsula, the H. Ganeesa, Sykes, P. Z. S. 1832, 86, and figured in Jardine and Selby's Illustrations of Ornithology, pl. cxlvii. Two more are described in the list of Dr. McClelland's birds procured in Assam, as H. McClellandii, Horsf., and H. gracilis, P. Z. S. 1839, 159. 33. Chloropsis Hardwickii; Jardine and Selby, Ill. Orn. ii, Appendix; Chl. cyanopterus, Hodgson; Chl. chrysogaster, McClelland and Horsfield, P. Z. S. 1839, 167.-Vide my Report for January. Heterophasia, Nobis, n. g? A curious Meruline form, exhibiting affinity for various distinct genera, but which cannot be immediately approximated to any with which I am acquainted. It has long rounded wings, a very long and much graduated tail, slender and slightly curving bill, and rather short tarsi. Bill longer than the head, slender, tapering, a little incurved, its base as high as broad, and gradually more compressed for the basal 4ths; the ridge of the upper mandible distinct (but not sharp) to beyond the nostrils, then rather less so, and its tip very slightly if at all emarginated: nostrils somewhat large, and almost closed by impending membrane, the naral orifices appearing as mere fissures on the inferior margin of this, though more apart anteriorly: a few small setæ at the gape. Tarse somewhat longer than the middle toe; and the claws compressed and suited for perching. Wings having the 5th or 6th primary longest, and the 7th equal to the 4th. Tail broad and very much lengthened and graduated. The plumage throughout is soft, dense, and smooth; the wings and tail tolerably firm. "Previously employed in other branches of Natural History."-G. Gray. 34. H. cuculopsis, Nobis. Length 12 to 13 inches, of wing from bend 4 inches, and middle tail-feathers 7 to 8 inches, the outermost 43 inches shorter, and all the rest graduating; bill to forehead inch, and to gape 1 inch; tarse 1 inch. General colour greyish-fuscous on the upper parts, beneath dark ashy, becoming paler on the belly; medial third of the outer webs of four of the secondaries white, forming a moderately large wingspot; the rest of the wing, and the tail feathers, dusky, all the latter having broad whitish-grey tips: forehead and lores black. Bill and feet blackish. Some (females ?) have a brownish cast of general colouring, which is not observable in others. At a first glance, this bird is apt to be mistaken for Cuculidous; an appearance to which its large and lengthened graduated tail, each feather tipped with whitish, its incurved bill, and the general hue of its colouring, alike contribute. From Darjeeling. 35. Accentor Himalayanus? Allied to A. Alpinus, but little larger than A. modularis. Length 6 inches, wing 3 to 3 inches, tail 24 inches, bill to forehead inch, and tarse nearly inch; scapularies and interscapularies rufous-brown, mottled with large black terminal spots on the middle of each feather, more or less developed in different specimens: forehead, crown, occiput, neck, shoulders of the wings, and rump, nearly uniform dingy grey-brown, with an inconspicuous lighter greyish eye-streak; throat and fore-neck white, with small round black spots disposed as in A. Alpinus; ear-coverts streaked with fulvescent, and small loral and infra-orbital feathers tipped with fulvous-white: gorget brown, more or less tinged with rufous, which latter brightens on the lower breast, flanks, and sides of the belly, the feathers being laterally edged with white, and some having dark streaks on the flanks posteriorly lower tail-coverts white, with lanceolate central dusky spots wings intricately mottled, having the anterior range of coverts dusky-black with white tips, the next or great range fulvescent-grey exteriorly at base, and dusky-black for the remainder with slight whitish tips: primaries edged with grey, secondaries with brown, and tertiaries with fulvous: tail dusky, having a large white spot at the tip of the outer web of each feather. Bill black, and legs reddish brown. This is a typical Accentor, and the first which to my knowledge has been obtained on the Himalaya range, though A. Alpinus is included in M. Temminck's list of European birds inhabiting Japan. A. modularis has been killed near Smyrna in winter (P. Z. S., 1836, 98), where stated to be : |