PARTICIPLES. The present participle is formed by a, the perfect by ka or pa, and the compound perfect by la, chur, jur or ne added to the imperative singular. T,hoozha, to wash, Docha, to sit. P,herzha, to fall. T,hooa, washing, P,hera, falling. In a negative sense the imperative is used at times for all the tenses. I do not, as Me zo, I will not do, or shall I do, I have not done. I do not give. Me tat, I will not give. I have not given. The imperative is frequently used with the following verbs, Tongzha, Zerja, Geoopcha, and Kozha. Chongzha Chong geoop song, The passive is formed by the perfect participle and the auxiliary verbs, yozha, to be; and songzha, to go; I have only discovered two tenses. Sat ka song, I have been beaten, PERFECT. Barga song, I have been burned. The plural is the same, THEBURSKUD. The cases of nouns are: Shung, a horse. Shunge, shungke, of a horse. Shung-o-do-to-goon, un-na to, for a horse. The adjectives have one degree of comparison, Bong, meaning more or most being prefixed. The infinitives of verbs end in mung, pung or bung; and the imperative singular is formed as in the other languages by dropping these terminations, after a, ee is added, and a sometimes follows a consonant; the addition of o makes the plural, and n after a vowel, or en after a consonant, and chee denote respect; the infinitive is also occasionally used for the imperative. Bujabung, to beat. Bujaee, beat thou. Bujaeo, beat you. Bujao, S Moochamung, to knead. PRESENT. The present tense, which is also the future, is formed 1st person singular by adding 2d 3d 2d 3d 1 do not fall. nee, tee, dee, to the imperative. noola, toola, doola, tanla, danla. nee, tee, dee, neela, teela, tala, deela, dala. nee, tee, dee. no, noo, nun, to, too, tan, do, doo, dan. nee, tee, dee. The infinitive is also used for the 1st, 2d and 3d persons singular, if the verb end in tpung, t and p are interchanged sometimes. With ma, the perfect is often used as the future and present, as Ma dagee, I am not giving, I have not given, I will not give. The imperative is also used in the same sense, and in asking a question, Ma daee, I will not give, &c., daee, did he give, or shall I give. The present participle is the imperative alone, or with the addition of a; the perfect is formed by adding ka, and the compound perfect by adding ka or e. De, going. Deke, gone, having gone. Lena, doing. Lenga, done. Lenga, lene, having done. The imperative, present or perfect participles, are sometimes used with the verbs kherbung, tatpung, and geoon mung. Ploota kherbung, to let go. Poka tatpung, to sit down. Gear geoomung, to fear. The passive is formed by the imperative alone, or with the addition of ka or cha, and the verbs to be and go. Gee sacha, satha-nee, I am beaten. Gnan sacha nee, &c. Sat, satka degee, I have been beaten. There is a dialect peculiar to the small district of Zhungram. I believe the words are the same as the Milchan, but the infinitives of the verbs end in ens, the following are a few of them: |