1836.-1880. CENSUS OF IOWA FOR 1880, AND THE SAME COMPARED WITH THE FINDINGS OF EACH OF ENUMERATIONS OF THE TERRITORY OF IOWA, WITH OTHER HISTORICAL AND STATISTICAL DATA, BY JOHN A. T. HULL, Secretary of State. (PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY.] -- DES MOINES: COMPLETED BY 1883. The contents of this volume have been prepared in accordance with the provisions of chapter 148, of the acts of the Eighteenth General Assembly. The following is a copy of that act: CHAPTER 148. AN ACT Providing for the Publication and Distribution of the Census of the State of Iowa, for 1880, and for Payment of the same. WHEREAS, By the law.of Congress providing for taking the federal census of 1880, it is made the duty of each of the supervisors of the several census districts in this state to furnish the complete compilation and returns of such district to the secretary of state of the state of Iowa; and, WHEREAS, Existing statutes make no provision for the publication of such census by the state, and believing the publication of such statistics to be both wise and expedient; therefore, Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Iowa: SECTION 1. That the secretary of state be and he is hereby authorized to have such part of said census returns as may be of general interest, together with such other matter as may be deemed expedient by the executive council, published in suitable form for general distribution, at as early a day as possible after receiving the returns. Expenses incurred in carrying out the provisions of this act shall be certified by the secretary of state and audited by the executive council. SEC. 2. The number of copies to be printed shall be determined by the executive council. SEC. 3. The copies so published shall be distributed by the secretary of state as follows: Ten copies to each state officer, one of which shall be retained in the office; twenty-five copies to each member of the general assembly, to be distributed in their respective districts; one copy to each county auditor and clerk, to belong to said offices; one copy to each newspaper in the state; one copy to each state institution, to remain therein; one to each member of the several boards of trustees of the state institutions, and one to each officer of such institutions who is required by law to make report; one copy to each supreme judge, district judge, circuit judge, and district attorney; five copies to each college in the state; two hundred copies to the state library for exchange; one hundred copies to the state agricultural society; one hundred copies to the state historical society; one hundred copies to the state horticultural society; and the remainder to be placed under the control of the executive council for distribution as may be most beneficial to the state. This act was passed under a misapprehension of what the act of Congress providing for the census of 1880 really contemplated. It was supposed that the latter provided for a complete duplicate of the returns to be filed with the Secretary of State, as had been done with the returns of the three previous enumerations. Such a feature was incorporated in the first draft of a bill for the census, submitted in 1878, but it does not appear in the act as finally adopted. It was believed, at the time of the passage of the act above quoted, that Congress had passed, or was about to pass, an act amendatory of the census law, so as to provide for the duplicates. As a matter of fact, such act never passed Congress. Hence, the assumption in the first paragraph of the preamble to chapter 148 was erroneous. As the act contemplated that these supposed duplicate returns should be the basis of the compilation provided for, and made no provision for obtaining the information from any other source, neither the undersigned nor the Executive Council could find any authority for incurring any expenditure whatever in order to get the returns from Washington. Accordingly, nothing was done until after the next session of the General Assembly, which commenced in January, 1882. At this session, a joint resolution was passed as follows: NUMBER 13. JOINT RESOLUTION Relating to the Publieation of the Returns of the Federal Census of 1880, for the State of Iowa, under the Provisions of Chapter 148 of the Acts of the Eighteenth General Assembly. WHEREAS, the publication of the census returns of 1880, provided for by chapter 148, of the acts of the eighteenth general assembly, has not been made, owing to the fact that the particular returns contemplated by said act cannot be obtained therefor; and, WHEREAS, The necessity for such publication still exists; therefore, Be it resolved by the General Assembly of the State of Iowa, That the secretary of state be, and he is hereby, authorized to cause to be prepared, published, and distributed, in the manner set forth in said act, the information contemplated by said chapter one hundred and forty-eight of the acts of the eighteenth general assembly; and for such purpose he is authorized to make use of any data he may be able to obtain from any authentic sources. Approved March 17, 1882. Under the authority conferred by this resolution, which revitalized the law of 1880, the Governor and the Secretary of State, shortly after the adjournment of the Nineteenth General Assembly, proceeded to the national capital, where, after consultation with the Secretary of the Interior and the superintendent of the census, they made arrangements to have transcripts of the returns of the census of this state transmitted to the Secretary at Des Moines. A large amount of matter immediately followed their return, but many important tables, owing to the apparently insufficient supply of clerical help in the bureau, were long delayed, some of them for several months. Some statistics have not yet been obtained that would be desirable in this volume. One or two tables are inserted at the end of this introduction, which came too late for insertion in their proper place. Immediately after the receipt of these tables, it was determined to compile and publish the statistics of all the states so far as Iowa had any figures to show in comparison. Therefore, in addition to the information in regard to population, which under such a classification would be obviously presented, there are collected in this volume the statistics of the several States with reference to the various cereal productions and other articles of food, which are produced in Iowa. So also are presented the comparative figures in respect of live stock. Such is the case also with regard to manufactured goods and the products of the mines. Where an article, whether of vegetable or mineral production, or of manufacture, is not produced in Iowa, the statistics of other states, in respect thereof, are not here given. Two notable exceptions to this rule will be observed in the book. The cotton and rice productions of the country were deemed of sufficient importance to warrant their presentation in fnil. The, census, the findings of which constitute the basis of this volume, was the tenth taken under the authority of Congress, in accordance with the requirement of the federal constitution. It was the fifth such census in which the population and resources of the territory and State of Iowa were enumerated. Sixteen other enumerations have been taken under territorial and state auspices, in two of which-those of 1856 and 1875—the scope of inquiry in comprehensireness approached, if it did not exceed, that of the various federal censuses. In several others—those of 1859, 1863, 1865, 1867, and 1869, and to a more limited extent that of 1873—the findings covered |