DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE.
Mr. Evarts to Mr. T. O. Os- Apr. 7 born.
Mr. T. O. Osborn to Mr. Evarts.
No. 259. The war between Chili and Peru and Bolivia: Chiliau successes causing uneasiness in government circles; discussions of President Avellaneda and cabinet, concerning the policy to be adopted by the Argentine Government Ex-President Mitré to be invited to go to Chili on a special mission; his reported declination preparations making, by sea and land, for pos- sible rupture with Chili; the probable advan- tages of such an event.
No. 264.-The political situation: outwardly un- changed; President Avellaneda concentrating large forces of regulars in Buenos Ayres; Gov- ernor Tejedor's adherents have also armed pa- rades on Sundays; the legislature of Buenos Ayres, being opposed to Governor Tejedor, re- fuses to vote the provincial budget; the gov ernor, by decree, revives last year's estimates; the chamber of deputies votes the governor's action illegal and unconstitutional; this move- ment supposed to originate with the Roca party; federal intervention unlikely in this breach between Governor Tejedor and his legis- lature; congressional elections, to be held Feb- ruary 1, will probably decide the Presidential contest; General Sarmiento reported to have secured three provinces, thus gaining the bal- ance of power.
No. 265.-The political situation: election for members of the Argentine Congress; the can- didates of the Tejedor party elected, the ad- herents of General Roca abstaining from voting in Buenos Ayres by reason of alleged military intimidation at the polls; disclaimer of such intention on the part of the Tejedor party, other motives being attributed to their oppo- nents; the Roca party carries all the other provinces except Corrientes and possibly one or two others; attitude of the national guards; a conflict imminent.
No. 266.-The South American Continental Exhi- bition to be held at Buenos Ayres in September, 1880; transmits plans and regulations therefor, with text of note from Argentine foreign minis- ter; the government seeks to repeat the suc cess of the late Córdoba Exposition, but on a larger scale; attendance of Americans invited. (NOTE. The regulations only provide for the concurrence of exhibitors from Spanish Ameri- can countries. (See Mr. Osborn's No. 271, of February 28, page 18.)
No. 121.-Expresses the interest felt by the Gov. ernment of the United States in the "South American Continental Exhibition," as tending to increase the commercial and agricultural prosperity of the Argentine Republic. Feb. 16 No. 267.-The political situation: Still critical; the city of Buenos Ayres under arms, and busi- ness suspended; proclamation of President Avellaneda ordering the disarmament of the national guards; probable refusal of Governor Tejedor to disarm the Buenos Ayres volunteers; concentration of troops and volunteers; pros- pect of martial law; efforts of the peace com- mittee to procure the withdrawal of General Roca's candidature, in like manner with Dr. Tejedor's declension; the resignation of Presi dent Avellaneda also demanded by extremists; the text of his proclamation and decree of Feb- ruary 13, 1880. No. 269.-The political situation; the crisis past, troops returning to their camps, and the people to their regular pursuits; the "peace committee' bring about an interview February 17, between President Avellaneda and Governor Tejedor of
Buenos Ayres; decree of the President February 17, suspending the movements of troops; !the results of the conference understood to be the withdrawal by the President of the national troops from the capital, and the disbandment of the volunteers by Governor Tejedor, with substitution of target companies for the latter; efforts of the peace committee to cause the withdrawal of General Roca's candidature for the Presidency; his refusal to withdraw may endanger the prospects of a peaceful solution. No. 270.-The political situation; General Roca's reply to the peace committee; he declines to withdraw his candidature; his letter to Hector Varela; the Buenos Ayres party refuse to accept General Tejedor's withdrawal. No 271-Continental Exposition; extension of time for reception of exhibits to July 31, 1880; no articles to be received outside of South American countries, except machinery and works of art; proposal of American agents at Buenos Ayres to convey thither the American samples from the Rio Exhibition, and exhibit them separately; the scheme opposed by the directors of the Continental Exposition. No. 277.-The political situation; message of Governor Tejedor to the provincial legislature; attitude of Buenos Ayres and Corrientes in the Presidential contest; the Argentine Congress not yet organized; movements of General Roca and his troops on the borders of Buenos Ayres; the board of trade petitioned to attempt the restoration of political harmony; text of Governor Tejedor's address. No. 278.-The political situation; the dead-lock continues; interview between General Roca and Governor Tejedor on the 10th May; the conversation as reported by the press; no result; manifestation of 20,000 business men in favor of peace; assurances of President Avellaneda.
No. 283.-The political situation; President Avellaneda withdraws with the national troops to a point without the capital; withdrawal of a majority of the Argentine Congress on board a gunboat; this action caused by the Tejedor party unlawfully introducing large quantities of arms free of duty; incidents of the landing of the arms; President Avellaneda asks Congress to declare the province under martial law; no quorum obtained.
No. 284. The political situation; President Avellaneda and cabinet at Belgrano; port of Buenos Ayres closed; the provincial (Tejedor) party hold the government buildings in Buenos Ayres; a majority of the senate at Belgrano; the su preme court and the lower house still in the capital; Dr. Tejedor declares Buenos Ayres under martial law; the city isolated; railways and telegraphs cut; efforts of General Sarmiento and others to bring about an understand. ing; the election; General Roca reported to have a majority; disturbed state of the other prov. inces; visit of Admiral Bryson, United States Navy, to Buenos Ayres.
No. 286.-The situation: hostilities actually begun between the provincial and national forces; a collision near Merlo; defeat of the provincial forces under General Arias; probable investment of Buenos Ayres, but without bombard
No. 287.-The situation; retreat of General Arias to Buenos Ayres; fresh engagements between the rival forces, with heavy loss; the provincial forces losing ground.
No. 288.-Peace restored: resignation of Governor Tejedor; port of Buenos Ayres opened; the incidents in detail; merchants petition Mr. Osborn to mediate between the contestants; Mr. Osborn's notes to the Argentine Government
ARGENTINE REPUBLIC-Continued.
and to the provincial authorities; Governor Tejedor's overtures for surrender; the Argen- tine ultimatum; its acceptance and execution. No. 131.-Political situation; acknowledges re- ceipt of Mr. Osborn's 288 conveying intelligence of the cessation of hostilities between Argentine Republic and province of Buenos Ayres; in- structs Mr. Osborn to express to the Argentine minister for foreign affairs the gratification of the Government of the United States at the re- sult.
July 15 No. 381.-The political situation; review of the results of the surrender of the Tejedor party and the success of the nationals; the terms of the surrender; anomalous position of the na- tional Congress; proposition to make the capital, Buenos Ayres, a federal district, like the Dis- trict of Columbia; questions put by Congress to the executive, and reply of the national govern-
No. 296.-The political situation; General Bus- tillos, national interventor, takes forcible pos- session of the provincial chambers by order of the President during a recess of the legislature; consequent resignation of Governor Moreno and his ministers, the municipal authorities and chief of police; Governor Moreno assigns his reasons therefor in an address to the people, a printed copy of which accompanies this dis- patch; probable issuance by the President of an address antagonistic to that of Moreno; elec- tion of a new legislature on the 26th instant; acceptance of the situation by the people; they look forward to the administration of President Roca with confidence.
No. 300.-Steam communication between New York and Buenos Ayres; proposed extension of Roach's line of American steamers from Rio de Janeiro to Buenos Ayres; views of the President of the Argentine Republic thereon; his entire concurrence and promises of hearty co-operation from the incoming adminisiration; the subsidy voted by the Argentine Congress under Presi- dent Sarmiento to any steamship company that would place a line of steam vessels between Buenos Ayres and any port of the United States: the increased subsidy voted during the present administration; the President's willing. ness to ask for a still larger subsidy, if neces sary; postponement of further action until the inauguration of General Roca; probable oppo. sition to the proposed line; benefits to result therefrom.
No. 301.-The capital of the Argentine Republic: the national chamber of deputies passes a bill declaring Buenos Ayres the capital, subject to certain restrictions; peaceable election of new deputies to Congress in place of those unseated during the late rebellion; return of the Presi dent and Congress to Belgrano.
No. 138.-The condition of Hebrews in Ronmania; incloses copy of a letter from the president of the Hebrew board of delegates on civil and re- ligious rights, asking that the good offices of the Government of the United States be exerted towards securing for Hebrew residents in Rou- mania equality of civil and religious rights stip- ulated in treaty of Berlin: deep interest felt by Government of United States in welfare of He- brew race in foreign countries; this govern- ment will be grateful for any advantages its minister may be able to secure for that people. (See Mr. Kasson's 271 of December 24, 1879, of this volume, and his No. 167 of February 16, 1879, page 49 of the Foreign Relations for 1879.)
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY-Continued.
Ja From whom and to whom. Date.
No. 265.-Trade-marks; refers to recent decision of United States Supreme Court, declaring the national trade-mark law unconstitutional; de- sires to know how this will affect previous in- structions touching trade mark convention with Servia and Roumania.
No. 269.-River improvements in Austria-Hun- gary; Capt. J. R. Eads' application for informa tion thereon, for the use of the Mississippi River Commission; papers and map transmit- ted; memorandum of the Vienna foreign office accompanying the same. (See Mr. Kasson's No. 282, of January 17, 1879, page 44.) No. 142.-Trade-marks; refers to recent decision of United States Supreme Court in relation thereto; as Congress is at present occupied in the consideration of the law of trade-marks, the Department considers it best to delay the pro- posed negotiations on the subject with Servia and Roumania.
No. 271.-The condition of Hebrews in Rou- mania; refers to inaccuracies in the memorial addressed to the Department by the union of American Hebrew congregations, and sent to Mr. Kasson with Mr. Evarts' No. 138 (of No- vember 28, 1879); Italy, Austria, and France satisfied with Roumanian action toward the Hebrews; progress made in assuring them pro- tection of person and property; naturalization question remains to be settled, on basis in com- mon with other races; the question one of in- ternal administration; articles, conoerningre- ligious freedom and protection, which Mr. Kas son proposes to include in the treaty now in pro- cess of negotiation with Roumania. (See in- struction to Mr. Kasson of November 28, 1879, No. 138.)
No. 282.-Improvements of river navigation in Austria-Hungary; continuation of information for the use of the Mississippi River Commis- sion; Mr. Kasson transmits all the correspond- ence in translation; the Austrian Danube; im- provements begun 1850; cost thus far, 45,350,000 florins; improvements of the affluents of the Dan- ube; the Hungarian Danube; 44,000,000 florins expended on the river since 1871, and 9,930,000 florins on its affluents, by the Hungarian Gov- ernment; effects of these improvements on rates of transportation mainly conjectural. No. 291.-European railways; effects of increase in governmental ownership of railways upon international engagements; new clauses neces- sary in commercial treaties to control transport- ation tariffs; how Prussia's ownership of the trunk lines influences the foreign commerce of Austria-Hungary; Austria acquiring control of the great railway lines of the empire; this ten- dency general in Europe; military and commer- cial reasons therefor; transit countries thereby force commercial concessions from their neigh. bors; need of guarding, in future treaties, against railway tariff discriminations against American products; Mr. Kasson proposes to introduce clauses in the treaties now under ne- gotiation to protect American trade from such discriminations in the Danubian principalities. (See Mr. Kasson's No. 195, of May 7, 1879, For- eign Relations, 1879, page 63.)
No. 292.-Mormon recruiting in Austria; reply of the Austro-Hungarian foreign office to Mr. Kas- son's communication of the circular of the De- partment of State of August 9, 1879; willing. ness of Austrian Government to check such un- lawful emigration by all proper means. (See Mr. Evarts' circular, Foreign Relations, 1879, page 11.) No. 293.-Completion of the Austrian census of the occupied" provinces of Bosnia and Herze govina; population of both 1,142,147, an in- crease of 90,662 over the Turkish census of 1876; religious and other statistics.
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY-Continued.
No. 295.-Recognition of Roumania; reports re- ceipt of telegram from United States commer- cial agent at Bucharest, stating that recognition of Roumania by England, France, and Germany takes place on 26th instant; asks intention of this government as to same. No. 158.-Recognition of Roumania; acknowl- edges Mr. Kasson's No. 295, conveying informa- tion of immediate recognition by Great Britain, France, and Germany, and asking intentions of this government in that regard; the President has addressed Congress on the subject; quali- fied recognition by appointment of consul at Galatz; action of Congress only wanting to the full establishment of diplomatic relations be- tween the two countries. No. 297.-Roumanian independence; recognition of by the remaining signatories of the treaty of Berlin; identical note of recognition by rep- resentatives of Great Britain, France, and Ger- many; Austrian action respecting the settle- ment of the Jewish question; text of Baron Haymerle's note of February 7; text of the identical note of the three powers, of February 20, 1880.
No. 298.-Emigration from Hungary to the United States; active movement from Ober-Zemplin and Saros in Upper Hungary, and from manu- facturing districts in Zipse and Abazzy; many hundreds said to have emigrated from Trents- chin and Neutra; a Pesth newspaper suggests checking emigration by grants of public land to the needy. (See Mr. Kasson's No. 327, of May 29, 1880, page 58.)
No. 310. The liberal victory in England; depress- ing effects in Austrian political circles: expres- sions of the government press; the fall of the Beaconsfield cabinet regarded as equivalent to the death of the treaty of Berlin; the artificial character of the solutions of that treaty re- quires the personal efforts of its framers to carry it through; disappearance of five of its framers from their places at the head of their respective governments.
No. 320.-Political condition of affairs at Monte- negro.
No. 322.-The Albanian movement; it seems to be more rapid and more extensive than was at first expected; independence aimed at; the as- sembly at Scutari, April 19, 1880; effective and war-like speech of Hodo Bey; his dramatic ap- peals to the popular sentiment against the Turks; he strips off his Ottoman decorations and cuts down the Turkish flag; the lion- standard of Albania hoisted; the movement supported; a syndicate of bankers at Scutari offers $2,000 a day for the maintenance of those actually under arms; choice of Doda, a Chris- tian, and Hodo, a Mussulman, as military com- manders; the official league at Scutari, May 7, proclaims Albanian independence; the expul sion of Turkish functionaries ordered; Turkish troops passing over to the League; Mr. Kas- son's comments on the movement; later dis- patches, May 11, indicate that the movement is rather for autonomy, under the rule of an Al- banian prince, than for complete independence; the Turkish forces awaiting re-enforcements in the citadel of Sentari. (See Mr. Kasson's No. 320, page 54, supra.
No. 327-Emigration from Hungary to the United States; petition to the Diet by the county of Saros; over 3,000 emigrants from one county local suggestions for checking the past season; emigration by passport rules, international con- ventions, and for returning "undeceived" emi- grants to their homes. (See Mr. Kasson's No. 298, March 1, 1880, page 53.)
No. 340.-Coinage statistics. (Vide F. R., 1879, pages 82-86.)
No. 343.-Abundance of the harvest in Hungary.
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