THE FAIR SEX. in their infancy, solaced in the busy prime of life, and soothed in their declining years. Tuesday, March, 21st. 1815. REFORM, WAR AND TAXES. SIR,-Your zealous endeavours to prevent the few from oppressing the many, embolden me to apply to you on the present occasion; and however your attention may be occupied by weightier matters, I flatter myself you will not refuse. Mr. COBBETT.-Nothing can be more a small portion of your paper, to my serviceable to the cause of Reform, than remarks. Whether the means adopted the passing of the Corn Bill, through the House of Commons. The direct oppoby Government for the last few years, have been beneficial or injurious to the received cannot fail to impress the minds sition which innumerable petitions have country, I will not pretend to determine. of the people with the necessity of radical Certain it is, that money must be raised alterations in the constitution of the for the exigencies of the state; and Mr. Commons' House of Parliament. The Vansittart has considered that men free people can never forget it. And in all from the expenses attendant upon a fa- the county meetings, when speaking of reform, (and every political and religious mily, can best afford to contribute to this evil relates to it) we must never forget purpose.—Is this a sufficient cause for the to produce this fact, in order to shew to sarcasms now directed against women?- the people, the importance of a true reIt Their foibles are exposed and ridiculed, presentation, annually assembled. will be a plain and irresistible argument, and their respectability lessened, by at-which the public will easily understand, tacks, which, but for their frequency and acknowledge. Whenever I think would be undeserving of notice. That about reform, and constitution, and listate of life which enables us to confer,berty, I cannot help thinking about as well as to receive happiness, will naturally be preferred to one of unsocial, though tranquil satisfaction. Nor need the avowal of this preference, raise a blush on any check.--Yet am I persuaded, from my own experience, that two thirds of those distinguished by the appellation of old maids, owe it to their filial duty, to their prudence, or to their rectitude of principle.-Bachelors, when they exclaim against the present tax, forget that they do not, like the Father of a family, present to their country a numerous and active race, to adorn and to defend it; nor do they, like women, add to the sum of domestic happiness, by those attentions which soothe the wretched, and assist the helpless. Let them then rejoice at the opportunity now afforded them of proving their patriotism; and let not those, at least, among them, who have a mother or a sister to respect, insult that sex by whom they are succoured America. This is the land of freedom, in the genuine sense of the word, civil writer who has taken a just and masterly view of this subject; and you were perfectly right in following your own judgment, and in not taking the advice of those who wrote to you to desist. The government and people of this country are not yet aware of the consequences of this war against free men; and Napoleon's return is calculated to absorb all attention for the present. If war should be revived against France, will the people of England be ready to petition against it as they did against the Property Tax, whieh tax was only the effect of the war? A short time will determine this and many other questions. Let the people remember that the war is the cause of the taxes; that if the war is renewed, taxes must be collected; the debt will increase every day, and fresh taxes must be levied to meet the increasing interest of the debt. It is foolish and absurd to petition against taxes, and not to petition against the cause of the taxes. Your's &c. G. G. FORDHAM. Sandon, March 20th, 1815. AMERICAN DOCUMENTS. Treaty of Peace between his Britannic (Continned from Page 352.) through the middle of said lake until it arrives at the water communication into the "Lake Huron, thence through the middle of said lake to the water communication between that lake and lake Superior." And whereas doubts have arisen, what was the middle of said river, lakes, and water communications, and whether certain islands lying in the same were within the dominions of his Britannic Majesty or of the United States: In order, therefore, finally to decide these doubts, they shall be referred to two Commissioners, to be appointed, sworn and authorised to act exactly in the manner directed, with respect to those mentioned in the next preceding article, unless otherwise specified in this present article. The said Commissioners shall meet, in the first instance, at Albany, in the state of New York, and shall have power to adjourn to such other place or places as they shall think fit: . The said Commissioners shall, by a report, or declaration, under their hands and seals, designate the boundary through the said river, lakes, and water communications, and decide to which of the two contracting parties the several islands lying within as final and conclusive. And in the event of the said two Commissioners differing, or both, or either of thein, refusing, declining, or wilfully omitting to act, sucir reports, declarations or statements, shall be made by them, or either of them, and such reference to a friendly sovereign or state shall be made in all respects as in the latter part. of the 4th article is contained, and in as full a manner as if the same was herein repeated. Art. 7. It is further agreed that the said two last-mentioned Commissioners, after they shall have executed the duties assigned to them in the preceding article, shall be, and they are hereby authorised, upon their oaths impartially to fix and determine according to the true intent of the said Treaty of Peace, of 1783, that part of the boundary between the dominions of the two powers, which extends from the water communication between lake Huron and lake Superior, to the inost north-western point of the lake of the Woods, tu decide to which of the two parties the several islands lying in the lakes, water communications, and rivers, forming the said boundary, do respectively. belong, in conformity with the true intent of the said treaty of peace, of 1783, and to cause such parts of the said boundary, as require it, to be surveyed and marked. The said Commissioners shall, by a report or declaration under their hands and seals, designate the boundary aforesaid, state their decision on the points thus referred to them, and particularize the latitude and longitude of the most north-western point of the lake of the Woods, and of such other parts of the said boun dary as they may deem proper. And both parties agree to consider such designation and decision as final and conclusive. And, in the event of the said two Commissioners differing, or both, or either of them refusing, declining, or wilfully omitting to act, such reports, declarations, or statements, shall be made by them, or either of them, and such reference to a friendly sovereign or state, shall be made in all respects as in the latter part of the fourth article is contained, and in as tull a manner as if the same was herein repeated. Art. 8. The several boards of two Commissioners mentioned in the four preceding articles, sha!! respectively have power to appoint a secretary, and to employ such surveyors or other persons as they shall judge necessary. Duplicates of all their respective reports, declarations, statements and... decisions, and of their accounts, and of the jour nals of their proceedings, shall be delivered by them to the agents of his Britannic Majesty, and such tribes or nations shall agree to desist from all Hostilities, against his Britannic Majesty, and his subjects, upon the ratification of the present treaty being notified to such tribes ornations, and shall so desist accordingly. Art. 10. Whereas the traffic in slaves is irre concileable with the principles of humanity and justice, and whereas both his Majesty and the United States are desirous of continuing their of agreed that both the contracting parties shall use their best endeavours to accomplish so desirable an object. to the agents of the United States, who may be 1 respectively appointed and authorised to manage the business on behalf of their respective governments. The said Commissioners shall be respectively paid in such manner as shall be agreed between the two contracting parties, such agreement being to be settled at the time of the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty. And all other expenses a tending the said Commissioners shall be defrayed equally by the two parties. And in ease of death,forts to promote its entire abolition, it is hereby sickness, resignation, or necessary absence, the place of every such Commissioner respectively shall be supplied in the same manner as such Commaissioner was appointed, and the new Commissioner shall take the same oath or affirmation, and do the same duties. It is further agreed between the Two contracting parties, that in case any of the islands mentioned in any of the preceding articles, which were in the possession of one of the parties prior to the commencement of the present war between the two countries, should, by the decision of any of the Boards of Commissioners aforesaid, or of the sovereign or state so referred to, as in the four next preceding articles contained, fall within the dominions of the other party, all grants of land made previous to the commencement of the war, by the party having had such possession, shall be as valid as if such island or islands, had by such decision or decisions, been adjudged to be within the dominions of the party having had such possession. Art. 11. This treaty, when the same shall have been ratified on both sides, without alteration by either of the contracting parties, and the ratifications mutually exchanged, shall be binding on both parties; and the ratififications shall, be exchanged at Washington, in the space of four months from this day, or sooner if practicable. In faith whereof, we the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this treaty, and have thereunto affixed our seals. Done in triplicate, at Gheut, the 24th day of (L. S.) GAMBIER, (L. S.) HENRY GOULBURN. (L. S.) WILLIAM ADAMI, (L.S.) JOHN QUINCY ADAMS, (L..S.) J. A, BAYARD, H. CLAY, (J. S.) JONA. Resseli, (L. 8) Albert GALLATIN, Now, therefore, to the end that the said Art. 9. The United States of America engage served, with good faith on the part of treaty of peace and amity may be obto put an end immediately after the ratification of the United States, 1, James Madison, the present treaty to hostilities with all the tribes president as aforesaid, have caused the or nations of Indians, with whom they may be premises to be made public; and I do at war at the time of such ratification; and forth hereby enjoin all persons bearing office, with to restore to such tribes or nations, respectively, civil or military, within the United States, *ll the possessions, rights and privileges, which and all others, cititens or inhabitants they may have enjoyed or been entitled to in 1811, thereof, or being within the same, faithprevious to such hostilities; provided always, that fully to observe and fulfil the said treaty, such tribes or nations shall agree to desist from and every clause and article thereof.—In sell hostilities, against the United States of Ame- testimony whereof, I have caused the tica, their citizens and subjects, upon the ratifi-seal of the United States to be affixed cation of the present treaty being notified to snch tribes or nations, and shell so desist accordingly. And his Britannic Majesty engages, on his part, to put an end immediately after the ratification of the present treaty, to hostilities with all the tribes or nations of Indians' with whom he may be at war at the time of such ratification, and forthwith to restore to such tribes or nations, respectively, all the possessions, rights, and privileges, which they may have enjoyed or been entitled to, in 1811, previous to such hostilities; provided, always, that to these presents, and signed the same with my hand. Done at the City of Washington, this eighteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord one thou sand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the sovereignty and independence of the United States the thirty-ninth. JAMES MADISON, By the President, Printed and Published by G, HOUSTON: No. 192, Strand; where all Communications addressed to the Editor are requested to be forwarded, OL. XXVII. No. 13.] LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL 1, 1815. 385] PEACE! PEACE! TO LORD CASTLEREAGH. MY LORD, [ Price Is. [386 put down James Madison, and " DELIVERED THE WORLD of the exis tence of that EXAMPLE of the success of DEMOCRATIC REBELLION."." No prace with Madison," was their cry. Kill! kill! keep killing, till he is put down, in like manner as Napoleon is put down! This was their incessant cry, And, in a short time after Napoleon was exiled The grand event, which has just taken place in France, and which is so well calculated to convince all mankind of the folly as well, as the injustice, of using fo-to the Isle of Eiba, these literary Cossacks reign force for the purpose of dictating published a paragraph, which they into a great nation who they shall have serted in the report of the debates in the for their rulers, or what shall be the form House of Cominous, as the report of the of their Government; this grand event, speech of SIR JOSEPH YORKE, then instead of producing such conviction in and now one of the Lords of the Admi the winds of those persons connected ralty, in the following words; to wit.with the London Newspapers, Maga-" SIR J. YORKE observed, that although zines and Reviews, who are called Cos-" one great enemy of this country, Bonasack writers; so far from producing such " parte, had been deposed, there was conviction in their minds, this grand "another gentleman whose DEPOSITIefent seems to have made them more "ON was also necessary to our interest; eager than ever for interference in the" he meant Mr. President Madison; domestic affairs of France; and, while "and with a view to THAT DEPOSIthe cries of our countrymen at New Or-" TION, a considerable naval force must leans are yet vibrating on our ears, these" be kept up, especially in the Atlantic, men are endeavouring to urge you and "But as to his honorable friend's opini yourcolleagues on to the sending of thou "on respecting the reduction of the sands upon thousands more of our men, and to expend hundreds of millions more of our money, in order to overset a Government which the French nation love, and to compel them to submit to one which they hate, or, at least, despise, from the bottom of their hearts, and with au unanimity absolutely unparalleled. 66 66 Navy, he wished it to be considerek "that a number of shipping were employed in conveying French prisoners "to France, and bringing home our own countrymen. So much for the necupation of our navy on the home station. -But from the Mediterranean for mstance, several three deckers were orMy Lord, if my advice had been foldered home, and he could swear that lowed, we should have had no American no practical exertion would be remitted War; the 20 or 30,000 men and the 50" to reduce the expence of our Naval or 60 millions of money, which that un- "Department." fortunate war has cost us, and which have only, as it turns out, created an American Navy, and exalted the Republic amongst the nations of the world, would all have been saved. The literary Cossacks of London, were, I verily believe, the chief cause of that war. They urged you and your colleagues on to the destruction of the American FORM OF GOVERNMENT. Napoleon being, as they thought, down, never to rise again, they urged you to make war, till you had! With what shame! with what sorrow, would these writers, if they had not lost all sense of shame, and all feeling for their country, now look back on their conduct at the time to which I am referring! Instead, however, of feeling shame for that conduct, they are now acting the same part over again; they are now reviving all their old calumnies against the Emperor Napoleon; they are abusing the French army and the French people; they are bestowing on them appellations almost N 387 too infamous to be repeated; and they [pentine River, the crawling worshippers of Whiskers and of Jack-boots: I am aware, my Lord, how difficult it must be for these persons, comprising no very small part of those who call themselves the to look each UPPER ORDERS, now other in the face. I am well aware of the fire that must burn in their bosoms, and I pity them accordingly. I am aware, too, of the situation of those public men, who, since the exile of Napoleon, have expressed "their sorrow, that those great "statesmen, Burke, Pitt, and Perceval, are calling upon you and your colleagues There is something so unjust in this were not alive to witness, and to par"ticipate in the general joy at the triI am aware "umph of their principles." of the situation of those (amongst whom is the Chancellor of the Exchequer) who have so recently eulogized the Income, or Property Tax, upon the ground of the complete triumph which it had enabled us to obtain over Napoleon, and of the fair prospect which it had given us of a long and prosperous peace. I am, above all, aware of the feelings of yourself, my Lord, who have acted so high a part in the exiling of Napoleon, who have been so loudly cheered on that account; who, after detailing the grand views and proceedings of the different powers at the Congress of Vienna, told the House of Commons, on MONDAY, the 20th of this month of March, that our great and enormous sacrifices had purchased a fair prospect of happy tranquillity for us and for Europe, for twenty vears to come: and who learnt, on the NEXT WEDNESDAY, that Napoleon was again at the head of the French nation, Louis le Desire, having already reached Abbeville on his way out of France! I am well aware of the existence and of the powerful effect of all these feelings: but, still I do not abandon the hope, that the disappointment, the mottification, the shame, the blind rage of the herd of Napoleon's haters will not be able to induce you and your colleagues to listen to the dictates of passion instead of those of reason, and to plunge your country into a new and fatal war. I am aware, my Lord, of the mortification which is now felt in England: 1 am aware of the acuteness of the sting: I see how diflicult it must be for the rejoicers of April last, the wearers of laurel, and white cockades, the roasters of salutors (female as well as Blach" and the "Gallant janes at the Temple in he heroes of the Seri There are too objects very distinct, for which the literary Cossacks are calling for war: the first is, to put down and destroy Napoleon and to compel the French people to submit to the Bourbons: the second is, to secure Belgium to the new king of the Netherlands, who, only on the 16th of this present month, |