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men in Massachusetts " ye shall be all Thanes!!

The public feeling is not a little excited by the recital of our officers and men, who have just returned to Boston and New York, from their captivity in Nova Scotia, and Canada. You will see the narrative in the Boston Patriot of yesterday. The British prisoners have been uniformly treated with kindness by the Americans. Humanity is a conspicuous trait in our character.

We look up to the acute editor of the Political Register to lay this grievous thing properly before the British public. If what is related be not facts, let them be contradicted; and, if they be true, let the perpetrators be exposed, and the robes of the nation wiped cleau from the stain (2). | [I leave out a passage here, which though complimentary to the post of this kingdom, in which I was born, is rather too GENERAL in its application. But, my chief reason for leaving it out is, that it would, in my opinion, TEND HARM. -W. C.]

TO DO

plain, and at the thoughts of which they regret the termination of war.

We are much pleased with your very accurate account of Federalists and Republicans. The papers you now receive will help you to finish the picture you have sketched.

This short war has wrought a wonderful change in the United States. It has taught the traders and shopkeepers of Boston, that if their sea-ports were destroyed, the nation even then, could exist. It has peopled our interior, created innumerable manufactures, and taught us all that it is to the geomanry we must look, at last, for the support and defence of the nation. With them is the brain, the nerve, the bone and sinew; for the merchant is blown about by every wind of commerce. He scarcely feels that he has got a country. The French justly estimate these descen

dants of Esau.

The time was, when these colonies, or states, might, in their physical and mental force, be compared to a wedge, (the most forciable of the mechanical powers) the butt, or thick edge of which was here in Massachusetts, and it went tapering away until its thin edge ended in Georgia, and on the Mississipi. But Andrew Jackson, a village lawyer, has turned this wedge "end for end," and we now feel the force pressing to us, instead of from us. Mr. MATTHEW CAREY has explained all this in

Colonel Scorr, (now our valiant General Scott) was early in the war carried prisoner to Montreal and Quebec; and received a treatment, which he never can, or ought to forget. I had it from his own mouth. Scott is a man of talents, education and a gentleman; but those high officers in Canada, who heaped every kind-the olive branch !!” ness and attention on the infamous HULL, could not find it in their hearts to treat with ordinary attention and humanity the accomplished Scott.

The young and spirited men of Massachusetts feeling the effects of the miserable policy of their governor, and of the Legislature, are fast leaving their homes, and emigrating Westward. Even the sons of some of the Essex Junto are follow

As nations, we may be at peace; but as a people we never shall, so long as we remember personal insults and cruel depri-ing where interest leads. They are flyvations, especially during sickness. Your ships of war have generally treated our sailors whom they captured, well; but it is the treatment on board prison-ships, and in Canada of which our men com

ing from the sterile scil, and bigotted region of Boston to more fertile and liberal regions; and yet our besotted government of Massachusetts, and their stupid governor, seem unconscious that we are bleeding to death, by this alarming emigration. Instead of a liberal policy, our miserable politicians are trying to retain their discontented young men by

(2) I have not thought it right, and indeed, I o not know that it would be safe, to send to the press the papers here referred to, which exhibit" Washington Benevolent Societies; a a picture that strikes one with horror, and which; for the honour of my country and of human nature, I hope is not a true picture. I have, bowever, made use of these papers in the way that appears to me most likely to answer a good purpose. WM. COBBETT.

sort of hypocritical Jacobin-club; or humble imitations of the Orange Societies of Ireland; who drew their origin from "the peep-of day boys." Jonathan sees through this clumsy trick, and their gorgeous parades, painted banners, and hy

pocritical orations, prayers, and hymns, I which have become objects of ridicule, and are fast sinking into contempt. Common-sense begins to draw comparisons between our fine, dancing soldiers, who seldom make an excursion beyond a mile from their fire-sides, and hardly ever march off the pavements of our sea-ports, and the brave heroes, who conquered at Chippewa, Bridgewater, Erie, Baltimore,

and NEW ORLEANS.

You may tell Sir Joseph Yorke, whose father I once knew, that Mr. Madison, has concluded (before he " goes to the Island of ELBA,") to pay a visit to the Eastern States, in which case, it is more. than probable that the Saints of Massachusetts will pay him all possible marks.

is no established church in America; no compulsion to pay priests of any sort. But, if men are

persecuted, no matter in what way, for their opi nions about religion, if a book, or an essay, is to

One great and powerful source of influence, is literary and clerical patron-be condemned in a lump; on the charge of being age. The Junto have managed that matter admirably. They have contrived to get almost all the learned professions under their thumbs. This has greatly increased their number of slaves. They took the Jesuits for their example, and have imitated with considerable success.

They, like the Jesuits, make sure of every young man of brilliant talents, and fix him in a pulpit, or at the bar; or in practice, as a physician, or in their Benevolent Society, or by some means or other, impair his independence, and secure his subserviency to their views, which views are to establish AN UPPER CLASS, who shall shine

and think for all the rest. These are the

glow-worms, or fire-flies, or lightening bugs, that give you and me so much amusement and food for ridicule. These buzz and flutter around the nose of honest Jonathan, while he is cultivating the ground, shooting invaders, and pouring a stream of republicanism on the wheels of the national governments, which these base creatures are trying to clog (3).

(3) My Correspondent will smile, when he sees, that I had anticipated this trick of literary enlistments and benevolent societies. It he will look into the Register of the 13th of this month, at page 591, he will find, under the head of "Literay Fund and "Washington Benevolent | Societies," that I had hit the case in the eye before I received his letter.-As to the Clergy, the case is more serious. As long as men contipne to die, there will, in all probability, be some who will be willing to pay people to instruct them as to a future life; and, as long as men prefer eating the earnings of others to eating their own earnings, such instructors will never be wanting. Besides, I find no fault with one party or the other, both may be perfectly sincere ; and both right in their opinions and views. All that I blame in matters of religion, is, the use of force of any kind. There

blasphemous, without any reference to its facts or what you will, is still powerful in America. The its reasonings; if this be the case, priestcraft, say final blow, is to inculcate, in all possible ways, way, and the only way, to give priestcraft its the liberty of opinions on religion. The law of America does this; but the friends of freedom

should jealously watch, that cant does not, in this

in the face of the world, that TRUTH ought not

respect, triumph over the law. Can any man say,

to prevail? No man will say this. And if the religious opinions of any sect be founded in truth, what fear is there that they will be injured by unreserved discussion? Did it ever happen to any individual to protest against the discussing of a

question, as to which he was sure that he was in

the right—Let the honest man; let the sincere Christian, be upon his guard against every one, whom he hears abuse any book as blasphemous, without first showing it to be false. Let him be upon his guard against the Crafty Crew (in America, I mean), who eat and drink comfortably upon the fruits of other men's labours; or, if he does think it right to pay them as teachers of re ligion, let him, at any rate, call upon them to ANSWER, instead of ABUSING, those who attack their systems. As to the conduct of the Federal priesthood of Massachussetts, it is such as defies all description. Such a prostitution of the priests' office never was before seen, except amongst some of the most wicked of the regular clergy of the Romish church, in the very worst times of that church. A string of passages, which Mr. CAREY has collected and published in the "Olive Branch," would not have disgraced the lips of those, whose exhortations armed the hands and hardened the hearts of Clement, Ravillac, or any of that numerous horde of assassins, who have, at various periods, undertaken to shed the blood of Napoleon. Can those he virtuous men, who, with patience, and even with applause, listened to these bloody exhortations?-1 put this question to the bosoms of the worthy part of the Federalists,-WM. COBBETT.

of homage and respect; for the Presbyterians of New England are very like the Presbyterians of Scotland, who are all things to all men, just as it suits their whim, or interest. In the newspapers of this day, you will see some traits of the genuine character of your friend, JONATHAN.

Boston, 4th April, 1815, Mr. COBBETT,-The following instance of unfair conduct is worthy your attention. The frigate President, Captain Decatur, after ruming a-ground, and, in consequence of it, losing her trim, fell in with Admiral Hotham's detachment, who chaced her. The Endymion (the same that suffered so severely from the Neufchatel privateer) was nearest to her in the chace. This ship the President silenced, and would certainly have taken her, had not the Pomone come to her assistance, and soon after that the Tenados, and an armed brig, and a rasee 74, but a little way astera of them. In this situation, Decatur, after doing all that any man in his situation could do, struck his colours, and delivered his sword to the commander of the 74.

Admiral Hotham says officially, that the President was captured by a detachment of his fleet; and when Decatur arrived in New London, the populace took the horses from his coach, and dragged him in triumph through the streets, and the applause was universal.

that must excite their alarm, if not de-. spair. In spite of their "benevolent societies," they are going down the stream and over the dam.

By consulting the Boston papers of last Autumn, you will find that the volunteer services, in the defence of Boston and the sea coast, far exceeded those of Philadelphia, and were only surpassed by New York. The Federalists were as eager as the Republicans "to meet the enemy at the water's edge." The only contest would have been, who shall close with the enemy first. Lord Liverpool's ignow rance of the individual feeling proves him not fit for his station (4).

(4) No; but, it proves, that he never heard the truth, any more than his predecessors had done before him. I told it him; but I was not in the pay of government. It is the interest of those who supply our government with intelligence from America to deceive the ministers. Good news is pleasanter than bad; aud, since conclu sions drawn in favour of the effects of the principles of freedom, have been looked upon as proof of Jacobinism in the party drawing such conclusions, persons under the government cannot be expected to be very forward in performe ing such an office. The evil, however, is very great. I verily believe, that PERCEVAL en tered on the war, and that it was afterwards continued, under the impression, that the States were ready to divide, and that a part of them was anxious to join this country against the Fe

But what have the officers of the Endy-deral Government. That such was the general mion done ? They give out that the Presi- belief in this country is notorious. Nay, ninedent was taken by the Endymion; and tenths even of the readers of the Register beThe mischievous falsehood had its this frigate has lately sailed from Bermuda lieved it. for England with the President as HER rise in the disappointment and malice of the PRIZE, having the English colours hoisted Massachusetts Noblesse, who are, by both coun over the American flag, signifying to all tries, to be fairly charged with being the chief they meet" We of the Endymion cause of the war. This nest of vipers cannot be ALONE took the American frigate Presi- too soon crushed. The people of America must dent." This deserves to be gazetted clap their foot upon it, or the brood will, some throughout Europe, as it will be through- time or other, sting them to death. This is a out America. Such miserable tricks are race of reptiles not to be trifled with, As Ameunworthy the people whence we sprang. rica grows rich this race will raise their heads, It is furnishing Johnny Bull with a cork unless they be extirpated. The little beginnings jacket at the expence of honour. If he ought to be watched with infinite care. Annot hold his head up above the waves," Hononrable Gentleman," and "my Honourable without such a dishonourable apparatus, " Friend" are appellations of more practical. let him sink." FIAT JUSTITIA RUAT consequence than the Americans seem to be ، CELUM." aware of. I see with pleasure, that the Presi dent keeps to his good plain address of "Fellow "Citizens of the Senate and of the House of Re

JONATHAN.

"The

P.S. By the return of votes yesterday, we find that the federal party have lost ground since the last April, to a degree" presentatives." When the French Assembly

TO CORRESPONDENTS,

IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

Botley, near Southampton, 30th May, 1815. In my last Number, dated May 27th, 1815, I pointed out very fully how per sons in America might write to me, or send papers, or pamphlets to me.-I shall be obliged to the American Printers of newspapers to give insertion to that notification, as it may lead to a communication equally beneficial to both countries.-I have, in the article just mentioned, acknowledged my obligations to Mr. CAREY for his CALM ADDRESS." I have now to thank a Friend at Boston for a copy of "the Olive Branch" by the same author; a work which deserves all the praise and all the success that it has met with. I have also received newspapers from Boston, and will use my best endeavours to repay these acts of civility in kind. I perceive that a letter which I wrote in December, or November last, addressed to a Correspondent in America," containing a comparative view of the Taxes, Debt, &c. of England and America, has been republished there. I should be obliged to any one who would take the trouble to give me information about America on all the heads that I have there touched on

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with regard to England. The best way would be to do this in print in some Am rican newspaper, in a letter addressed to me, with the writer's real name at the bottom. Men are more careful about facts when they publish in the face of those amongst whom they live, and are to live, and when they sign with their names that which they publish.-In any thing intended for re-publication here, the writer

must remember what sort of libel-laws we

live under. He must abstain from much that he might be disposed to say. My letter, last-mentioned, may serve him as a model. He will there see a notable specimen of the spirits' sacrificing to the safety of the flesh.—And, after all, it is not to

words, it is not to hard names; it is to thumping fucts clearly stated, and to sound argument closely packed and strongly pressed upon the mind, that we must look for the producing of conviction. But, principally facts are the things. "Bricks! mortar!" I hear the fellow cry, when they are building houses. So, when men read, they keep crying out for facts. If any new writer should be disposed to give me the information I seek, I cannot tell him what sort of style I like in any way so well as by telling him, that it is precisely the opposite of that of a letter, which I see in the Boston Yankce of the 6th Jan. 1815, signed "JOHN RANDOLPH, of Roanoke," the feelings arising from the reading of which really resemble those which would succeed the swallowing of a quid of the tobacco grown on the borders of that delightful river. If this gentleman be not deemed insane, it must be allowed, I think, that his letter is a practical proof, that sanity may, at times, perform the func tions of maduess. I shall send, in a few days, or, rather, cause to be sent, a copy of a small work, lately published here, by MR. MORRIS BIRKBECK, on the internal state of France. As MR. CAREY, or some one else, in America, may republish this work, a work of great consequence to the such re-publisher to know something of cause of freedom, it may be useful for

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the AUTHOR of the work; because when the work is a statement of facts, and when these rest upon the writers assertion, as being the fruit of his own observation, the value of the work must depend on the verucity and judgment of the author. Now, the author of this work is a most respectable man; he is a great farmer, occupying one whole parish and part of another; he is celebrated for his agricultural experience and skill; he was one of the persons whose evidence upon the abstruse subject of the Corn Bill was taken by and printed by order of the Committee of the House of the judges at the last prize show of MeLords last year; he was chosen as one of abolished titles, we laughed at their attachment England, there is not a man of fairer rerino sheep in London.-Perhaps, in all to forms; but, in fact, they were substances.-putation; not one man, less to be susThe war, now about to be entered on, will, per-pected of straining facts to meet his own haps, bring them back again to the spot whence prejudices.-I much question if he will be they started. At any rate, if America wishes to pleased with me for undertaking to give continue a Republic, she must resolutely set her him a character. But, though nothing face against these nick-names.. that I can say would have any such effect in England, it is different as to America.

WM. COBBETT.

the people of France might escape from a state of war, of which they had good cause to be weary. We, however, gave them a king with old notions, and with the old nobility and priesthood at his heels: these proved still less tolerable than war, and they recalled their Emperor. He remembered their sacrifice of himself for peace, and knew that the promise of peace would be the pledge of their attachment. He, therefore, abjured his schemes of conquest, and submitted himself to moderate councils. Yet you would again urge, nay compel, to war that nation, headed by the same General, and with the same

of his silent departure, you talk of the
beneficence of his reign; and the Consti-
tution, agreed to, but not observed, was
only not too good for these poor French-
men!-The one descends from the throne
unnoticed; the other is received with
acclamation. Yet in our Senate it is
declared, and more wonderful, is be-
lieved, that the former was the choice, and
the latter is the abhorrence of his subjects!
I am, Sir, &c. &c.
M. BIRKBECK.

Wanborough, May 29, 1815.

CONGRESS OF VIENNA.

breath in which you detail his triumphs! EXTRACT FROM MINUTES OF CONFERENCES OF

on the

THE POWERS WHO SIGNED THE TREATY OF
PARIS.

Conference of the 12th May, 1815.
The Committee appointed on 9th instant, and

which have passed since the return of Napoleon
Bonaparte to France, and in consequence of the
documents published at Paris on the Declaration

winch the Powers issued against him on the 13th
of March last, it would be necessary to proceed
to a new Declaration, presented at the sitting of
this day the following Report:-

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE.

He made his brother King of Holland; he called his son King of Rome; and it is Alexander King of Poland, Frederick William King of Saxony, and the immaculate cabinet of Great Britain (which ap-charged to examine, whether, after the events pointed the King of Belgium by an armed force,) together with his father-in-law, the equally legitimate sovereign of half Italy; these are the pure and honourable avengers of political morality and the faith of treaties!!! The most unpardon able offence of Napoleon was quitting Elba, just before those righteous observers of treaties had fixed The Declaration published on the 13th of place of his final seclusion. "Voila March last against Napoleon Bonaparte and his le congrés dessous" are words that can adherents, by the Powers who sigued the treaty never be forgiven by the confederacy of of Paris, having, since his return to Paris, been Monarchs. 66 Imperial Europe" sickened discussed in various shapes by those whom he has at the sound; but it was music to the employed for that purpose; these discussions people-to thousands in this island who having acquired great publicity, and a letter adwould not yield, in real attachment to the dressed by him to all the Sovereigns, as well as a Constitution, to your former professions. note addressed by the Duke of Vicenza to the Napoleon takes possession of an offered heads of the Cabinets of Europe, having been also throne:-This, upon your new scale, is published by him with the manifest intention of gigantic wickedness."-Assumption by influencing and misleading public opinion, the force, of the government of an unwilling Committee appointed in the sitting of the 9th people, is vice in moderation," and inst. was charged to present a report on these "has displeased you." He intended to topics; and considering that in the above-mentake possession of England: he intends to tioned publications, it has been attempted to in take possession of Belgium: he intends to validate the Declaration of the 13th of March, enslave Europe: on these presumptions by laying it down,-1. That that Declaration, Great Britain must be taxed to destruc-directed against Bonaparte, at the period of his tion; the wretched subjects of Russia, landing on the coast of France, was without apAustria, and Prussia, must be led to plication now that he had laid hold of the reins of slaughter;-France must be laid waste by government without open resistance, and that this fi and sword!-If no intelligence had fact sufficiently proving the wishes of the nation, reached us, you could not have believed he had not only re-entered into possession of his that Louis the Desired, having adminis-old rights in regard to France, but that the questered with wisdom an excellent constitution, should not have collected even a small band of faithful adherents to grace his exit. And now that we have heard

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tion even of the legitimacy of his government
powers;-2. That by offering to ratify the Treaty
had ceased to be within the jurisdiction of the
of Paris, he removed every ground of war against

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