OL. XXVII. No. 26.] LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 1, 1815. 801] [Price 1s [802 LETTER VI. To LORD CASTLEREAGH. overtake his companions, I went homeward with a mind far from being so completely On the Overthrow of the Emperor Na- made up as that of the Gipsey and his poleon. black-coated and white-wig'd benefactor. I had, when I came to see the news-papers; MY LORD, The intelligence of this when I came to read the insolent language grand event reached me on Saturday last, of the TIMES and the COURIER, no doubt and in the following manner. I had been of what would follow; and, there appears out very early in the morning, and, in now very little room for doubting, that returning home to breakfast, I met a po- "the paternal authority" will very soon pulous gang of gypsies. At the first view be restored in France by the force of the of them, I thought of nothing but the rob- bayonet and the cannon b There is a beries which they constantly commit talk of making a stand for the independence upon us, and I began to plan my measures of France; but, there does not appear the of defence; but, upon a nearer approach to stuff for making such stand. The mpt them, I perceived the whole caravan deco- at a mixty many government deprive the rated with laurel. The blackguard ruffi- state of all zeal. If, indeed, we were yet, ans of men had laurel boughs in their even yet, to see a Directory, or a Conhats; the nasty ferocious looking women, sulate, or a Convention, or a Committée with pipes in their jaws, and straddling de Salut Public, the Duke and his victory along like German trulls, had laurel leaves would prove of little avail. But, to depinned against their sides. The poor asses, fend France now requires all the energy that went bending along beneath the bur- of 1792, 3, and 4; and, that energy apdens laid on them by their merciless mas- pears to be fled for ever; or, at least, till ters, and that were quivering their skins time and opportunity shall again call it to get the swarm of flies from those parts forth. It is very evident, that Napoleon, of their bodies which the wretched drivers from the hour of his return to Paris, perhad beaten raw, had their bridles and hal-ceived, that it would not do merely to reters and pads stuck over with laurel. assume his title and authority; that he Somewhat staggered by this symbol of would, in that case, have no friends in the victory, I, hesitating what to do, passed republicans, and all enemies in the roythe gang in silence, until I met an extra-alists. But, besides, there is no reason to ordinarily ill-looking fellow, who, with believe, that he was not perfectly sincere two half-starved dogs, performed the of-in his professions relative to the liberties fice of rear-guard. I asked him the mean- of France. Still, the Empress! ing of the laurel boughs, and he informed august spouse." The "august son." me, that they were hoisted on account of These hung about him; and he could not the 66 glorious victory obtained by the bring himself to say: Up again with the Duke of Wellington over Bony;" that" Republic, and I will again be her Gethey were furnished them by a good gen- "neral Bonaparte." He could not screw tleman, in a black coat and big white wig, himself up to this; and hence, doubtless, whose house they had passed the day be- his want of enthusiastic support from fore, between Andover and Botley, and many of the republicans, who, if they who had given them several pots of ale, must have a king, claiming au hereditary wherein to drink the Duke's health. right to rule over them, did not think it "And, to be sure," added he, "it is glo- worth their while to commit themselves "rious news, and we may now hope to in the quarrel while, on the other hand, see the gallon loaf at a grate again, as he had all the kings, all the nobles, and all "'twas in my old father's time." the priests of the whole of Europe against him; together with an army of a million and eleven thousand of regular troops! . Leaving this political economist, this "loyal man and friend of social order," to 66 "The thumb of the right hand of the male inhabitants of France, I know not. But, I think, we shall hear them propose the anni and, which we shall by-and-by find to have been of greater weight than all the rest put together, FIFTY MILLIONS OF OUR MONEY, voted by the Ho-hilation of the fleet of France; the surnourable House. This is the key of cabinets; the powder, hall, swords, and bayonets of armies. This it is that will decide the fate of France now, as it did in 1814. In the times of the Republic, indeed, our millions had no effect. There were many very cruel men in power, during those stormy times; but, those men were sound as towards their country. There was little of moderation, to be sure; but, there was a great deal of fidelity. However, those times are passed. The men, who have declined to go back to revolutionary measures, have now to make their peace as they can; or, rather, I take it, to submit to their fate. They will know, in all human probability, before thday week, whether the pensioned BURKE spoke truth, when he said, that Kings had long memories as well as long arms. Our TIMES newspaper already has marked out some hundreds for the gallows. He is for "hanging them up at once." And, really, I think his advice very likely to be followed. Blood, blood, is the cry on every side; and, those in power, at Paris, will now see what is the consequence of doing things by halves, when they have to deal with kings, nobles, and priests! They will now see what is to be gained by their "moderation!” They will soon sec, that power must be maintained, if at all, by the same sort of means as those, by which it has been acquired. Their fate and that of Napoleon, whose name will always be pronounced with admiration of his warlike deeds, will be a warning to future revolutionists how they place kings upon their thrones, after having dethroned them. I do not say, that it is to be regretted; but, it has astonished every one to see the Royal Family of France suffered to escape so tranquilly, even after some of them were taken in arms! Napoleon, will soon find, that this was not the way to insure the safety of his own person. On what conditions Louis may be restored, we cannot yet say; but our newspapers insist, that he ought to be compelled to adopt such measures as the safety of Europe, and particularly of England, may demand. Whether these writers mean to propose the drawing out of the fore-teeth and the cutting off of the fingers and render of her frontier towns; the abolition of all the new nobility; the disbanding of the whole of the army; the restoration of the papal territories in Provence; the giving up of something to Spain; the reestablishment of the feudal rights and courts; and, I shall be very much surprised if we do not hear it forcibly recommenced to Louis te Desirée to re-establish the monasteries and the tythes. There will be some work to accomplish all this; yet, all this would not answer the end in view, unless the French pay a share of our NATIONAL DEBT, the annual interest of which will now be forty-three millions sterling; and, unless we could, besides, make them pay their share towards the support of our PAUPERS. Unless these can be accomplished, people will not live here to pay part of this debt, if they can avoid it by going to France. Their loyalty will not keep them at home to live meanly, while they can live in affluence by only crossing the channel. If France were a republic, less rich people would go, than will go, France being a monarchy. Our old malady will return with the Bourbons, to restore whom we have so loaded ourselves with debts, that many of our people will be compelled to go and live under them. All is not over, therefore, when Louis is up again. By disabling France for war, we shall compel her to set about the arts of peace. We shall make France a country to live in; a country that the arts of peace will seek. She will, do what we will, soon become our rival in manufactures. Commerce will revive with her very quickly. Amongst all the fighting nations she is, after all, the only oue that is lightly taxed; and, I repeat, that, unless we can make her pay a share of the interest of the debt, contracted in the subduing of her, we shall, with afl our successes and all our boastings, have only accelerated the destruction of our own system. In short, unless we can make France tributary to us, to the amount of 20 millions sterling a year, we shall live to mourn the triumphs, at which we now rejoice. I am, &c. &c. W. COBBETT. ABDICATION OF NAPOLEON IN FAVOUR the union of all efforts, of all wills, and the concurrence of all national authorities. I had reason to hope for success, and I braved all the declarations of the Powers against me. Circumstances appear to me changed. I offer myself as a sacri. fice to the hatred of the enemies of France. May they prove sincere in their declarations, and have really directed them only against my power! My political life is terminated, and I proclaim my son under the title of Napoleon II. Emperor of the French. The present Ministers will provisionally form the Council of the Government. The interest which I take in my son induces me to invite the Chambers to form, without delay, the Regency by a law. Unite all for the public safety, in order to remain an independent nation. (Signed) NAPOLEON. The Duke of Otranto addressed the which he concluded by proposing that a Assembly in a very energetic speech, in council of five persons should be appointed, with instructions to them to treat with the Allies for the maintenance of the independence of the French nation.-M. DUPIN followed. He stated, that the first duty of the House was to accept the resignation of Napoleon. This has been a week of events, perhaps the most extraordinary which are recorded in history. The Emperor Napoleon has resigned the throne of France, and his son, by the Empress Maria Louisa, daughter of the Emperor Francis of Austria, and niece of the Queen of France, Maria Antoinette, who was guillotined, during the Revolution, has been proclaimed Emperor of France, by the style and title of Napoleon the IId. The proceedings by which this great event has been brought about, are as follow:-Napoleon, after losing the battle of Waterloo, which, perhaps, was attended with more fatal consequences than any yet ever heard of, refurned to Paris. He lost no time in sending a Message to the Legislative Bodies, calling upon them to take measures for the re-organization of his army, and for the replacing of its "Material," (that is, in English, all the engines of war) which, it appears, had been completely lost.This Message was received with, at least, coldness; and Napoleon, seeing that the feeling of the Assemblies were against On the following day, the 23d, him, sent a Message, informing them, M. Berenger moved, that the Provisional that he had abdicated in favour of his government should be declared collecAfter considerable Son!-This Message excited very turbu- tively responsible. lent debates. The Republican body seemagitation and confusion, the sitting closed, ed to pause at his right to abdicate in fa- with recognising the accession of Napovour of any one. Those of the Assem-leon II. as Emperor of the French, and inblies who were Bonapartists, argued, that there was no other way of exciting enthusiasm in the army; and a third party appeared to be tinctured with a sort of attachment to the Duke of Orleans; at least, they were openly denounced as such by several Members. At last, however, a Council of Regency was established, consisting of the following persons: Count CARNOT, FOUCHE, (Duke of Otranto) General GRENIER, CAULAINCOURT (Duke of Vicenza) and Baron QUINETTE. After a very long and turbulent debate, the members already mentioned were elected to form the Provisional Govern ment. structing the new Provisional government to communicate forth with with the Allies. The Debates in the House of Peers were nearly of the same kind, and had the same result.-Ney, the Prince of Moskwa, gave the following detail of the state of the armies. Marshal Grouchy and the Duke of Dalmatia are not capable of assembling 60,000 men. It is impossible to assemble them on the line of the army of the north. Marshal Grouchy in particu lar has not been able to collect more than 7 or 3000 men. The Duke of Dalmatia was not able to rally any troops at Rocroy, and the only means you have of saving the country is to open a negociation. On this statement a long debate ensued, in which no sort of blame was attempted to be attributed in any way, directly or 202 66 from General Lemarque, dated 22d June, "Art. 1. The Government is authorised to secure, by means of REQUISITION, the subsistence of the armies and the transport of troops. "2. The Goverument will adopt such measures as to prevent and punish any abuses in the indirectly, to Napoleon, or any of his (Signed) Le Duc d'OTRANTO, President." On the 25th the Duke of Otranto communicated the following extract of the correspondence, received by the Minister of War during the 24th, relative to the operations of the armies: : Art. 1. The Chamber declares that the independance of the nation is menaced. 2. The Chamber declares its sittings permanent. All attempts to dissolve it shall be considered high-treason; whoever shall render himself guilty of such an attempt shall be considered a traitor to his country, and condemned as such. 3. The Army of the Line, the National Guards, who have fought, and still fight, for the liberty, the independence, and the territory of France, bave merited well of the country. Marshal Grouchy writes from Recroi, that he has entered that place with 20,000 infantry, 5000 caThe Duke of valry, and a numerous artillery. Dalmatia writes from Mezieres on the 19th June, that the enemy will be in three days before Laon ; that great disorders have taken place in the administration of the army; that there are a great number of fugitives, and that he is doing every thing in his power to repair the evil. A telegraphic Dispatch of the 22d June, announces that the army of the Moselle was attacked in the night, that the post of St. Jean has retired upon Forbach and St. Avold. Our army of the Alps has repulsed the enemy upon the bridge of La Grange, and taken 150 prisoners. Nothing new in the army of the Eastern PyreneesThe spirit of the department of the Gers appears to` be ameliorated. After a long debate, the following laws were passed against Agitators, and afterwards received the sanction of the senate and the Provisional government : Art. 1. The Commission of Government, in order to ensure public tranquillity, besides the measures indicated by law, may order against those who shall be accused of provoking or fa vouring disturbances, displaying signs of rallying, or other colours than the National ones, spreading false and alarming news, either being placed under superintendance, in a place different from their place of residence, or arrest without being obliged to send them before a Court of Law in the period prescribed by the law. These resolutions were carried in both houses. On the 24th; a letter was read in the House of Representatives, from General Delange. Announcing, that proposals had been made to him by Laroche 2. The present disposition shall only be exe Jacquelin, for a suspension of arms, to cated for two months, at which time the indi enable him to communicate to other Ven-viduals. taken up or placed under superintendence dean chiefs a proposition for pacifying strall be free, or sent, if necessary, before the the country." Another letter was read Tribunals, 3. There shall be created in each of the Legis. | interior of the capital, in order to watch over the lative Chambers a Committee, to which the complaints of individuals affected by the present law shall be addressed. .66 66 مان ،، maintenance of order, which the disaffected wonld in vain endeavour to trouble. The Pari sian federation is animated with an unanimous wish it knows no efforts beyond its zeal for the : decree was issued by the Provisional overnment, requiring, that all the | holy cause of liberty. Its dearest hope in malkyoung men of 1815 remaining of the 160,000 ordered to be levied on the 9th “of October, 1813, shall be immediately placed in active service;" and by an order of the Minister of War, all officers and soldiers belonging to the army of the north, then at Paris without leave of absence, are required to depart within 24 "hours, and proceed to Soissons, whence 66 66 ing this solema demand, is to be placed in advance, to prove immediately by actions its devo tedness and patriotism. The Members of the Confederation, PROCLAMATION CARRET, President. CHERY, Treasurer. BY THE GOVERNMENT COM. Paris, June 24. they will be directed to their respective FRENCHMEN,-Within the period of a few corps," under pain of being "conveyed days glorions successes and a dreadful reverse "to the military prisons and their names have again agitated your destinies. A great sa"delivered up to public censure."-Dur- crifice appeared necessary to your peace and to ing this sitting, addresses were presented that of the world, and Napoleon abdicated the by the Parisian Federation, by the con- Imperial Power. His abdication forms the term federated pupils of the Schools of Law and of his political life. His son is proclaimed. Your Medicine, and from the pupils of the Ly-new Constitution, which possesses as yet only ceum Napoleon, declaring that they put good principles, is about to undergo its applicathemselves under the orders of the Assem-tion, and even those principles are arg to be publy, for the defence of the country. Honorable mention of these was made in the minutes. The following address of the Parisian Federation, will give an idea of the whole : Gentlemen Representatives--The country was threatened : the Bretons, the Lyonnois, the Bar gundians, confederated to repel our aggressors. Inspired by the same sentiments, the Parisians, who in all times have given the example of patriotism, immediately rose, and independently of the federations of St. Antoine and St. Marceau, the capital saw the Parisian federation formed in its bosom. While our armies were extended over our lines, and were preparing for battle, the Pa- | risian federation organised and fortified itself, and erected in the midst of the capital a redoubt, which will bear its name, and which it has sworn to defend. Great events have just broken out: greater perhaps are in preparation. The representatives of the nation call to the defence of the country all Frenchmen capable of bearing arms. The Parisian federation has heard this appeal: the Parisian federation presents itself in a body. Its reckons among its members a great number of old soldiers of all ranks, artillerymen and young and robust citizens, who all burn with the desire of advancing on the threatened points, and of striking the enemies of our independence. The Confederates solicit arms, a military organization, and the honour of serving their country usefully, whether on the froutiers, the heights, or in the | rified and extended. There no longer exist powers jealous of each other. The space is free to the enlightened patriotism of your Represen tatives, and the Peers feel, think, and vote as your mandatories. After twenty-five years of political tempests the moment has arrived when every thing wise and sublime that has been con. ceived respecting social institutions, may be pertected in yours. Let reason and genius speak, and from whatever side their voices may proceed they shall be heard. Plenipotentiaries have de parted, in order to treat in the name of the nation, and to negociate with the Powers of Europe that peace which they have promised on one condition, which is now fulfilled. The whole world will, like you, be attentive to their reply. Their answer will make known whether justice and promises are any thing on earth. Frenchmen! be united; let all rally under circumstances of such great importance. Let the civil discords be appeased; let dissention be silent at this moment in which the great interests of nations are to be discussed. Be united from the North of France to the Pyrenees; from La Vendee to Marseilles. Who is he, who, born on the soil of France, whatever may be his party, whatever his political opinions, will not range himself under the National Standard to defend the Independeuce of the Country? Armies may, in part, be destroyed; but the experience of all ages, and of all nations, proves that an intrepid nation, combating for justice and liberty cannot be de |