§ 166. Official state safety bulletin.-The Industrial Insurance Commission of Washington, the State Bureau of Labor and the Governor of the State, August 1, 1912, inaugurated a campaign for the reduction of accidents by the circulation and posting of a safety bulletin in the following form:

PREVENT ACCIDENTS!

1. "Safety first-better cause a delay than an accident." 2. 10 per cent. of the men employed are being hurt-that's too many.

3. Every accident costs money-money should buy comforts, not be wasted on preventable pain.

4. Help to prevent accidents. It is a duty you owe yourself, your fellow workmen, your family, their families, the employer and the State.

5. "An accident that could have been prevented by a safety device is a disgrace to an employer. It shows either a lack of care or a lack of efficiency."-Don D. Lescohier.

6. "The amount of sorrow and suffering that will be eliminated when safety work is taken up earnestly by our manufacturers is beyond the comprehension of those who have not given the subject careful thought."-Safety Secretary Young, Illinois Steel Co.

7. "Safety committees composed of the men, not the superintendents or foremen, but the men, are the best inspectors. They will find the danger points and suggest remedies, and then they will make the suggestions go because they are their own ideas."-Chairman Richards, Safety Committee, C. & N. W. Ry.

8. "In 1909 few competent authorities dared to assert that more than 50 per cent. of the industrial accidents were preventable. Today we do not hesitate to say that 75 per cent. are preventable."— Minnesota Bureau of Labor.

9. Every injury, no matter how slight, should receive proper medical attention. Infection-blood poison-results from ignorance and neglect. Amputations often follow.

10. "Constant and close supervision by competent superintendents and foremen can prevent accidents in those operations (such as logging or gravel pit work) where safety devices cannot be utilized."-Director Van Schaack, Aetna Insurance Company.

11. PERSONAL CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS. Minnesota Bureau of Labor Report, 1910-Employers' Opin

ions:

Per

Inherent danger of industry (includes defective and insuffi- cent. ciently guarded machinery)_.

61

Contributory negligence of employé (want of skill and careless

ness)

Inherent danger and contributory negligence combined_.

Negligence of injured employé

Negligence of fellow workman

Fellow workman and injured employé combined

Employer

Total (4,084 cases)

20.7

10.5

3.6

3.1

1.0

.1

-100

12. Every accident has its inevitable and definite effect upon the cost of production under the present Compensation Act. The Commission has the power and has already fixed penal rates upon establishments because of poor or careless management or work unduly dangerous. The workman's instinct of self-preservation should be supplemented by the wrath of his foreman when he is careless of the safety of his fellow workers.

INSTRUCTIONS.

Do not take off any safeguard or protective device. If you take a chance and get hurt, it decreases your compensation 10 per cent. (Sec. 9, Compensation Act.) If the superintendent, foreman, or any other person removes any safeguard, report the fact to this Commission.

Do not hesitate to lend a hand when anyone is hurt. Call any doctor desired. Compensation is paid, regardless of whose fault causes the injury. Give the Commission the full facts fearlessly. Concealment of causes helps no one.

The State compels employers to provide funds out of which it pays reasonable compensation in case of injury.

The State compels employers to provide funds out of which it pays reasonable compensation in case of injury. If you do not think the awards sufficient, remember it is better than law suits and delays under the old system, and where 80 out of each 100 injured had no legal remedy whatever.

There is no fund or provision, however, for payment by the State of charges for ambulance, physician, surgeon, hospital, nurse, medicine, or surgical appliances. The "first-aid" provision was stricken from the Compensation Act before its passage by the legislature.

Much needless infection and time-loss should be prevented by the employers keeping handy a supply of antiseptic gause, sterilized bandages (keep free from dust or handling) and tincture of iodine. Paint all small wounds, bandage, then send man to doctor. When an accident happens the following papers should be filled out and mailed at once to Olympia:

1. The employer's report, Form (k) (green).

2. Workman's claim for compensation, Form (1) (white).

3.

Report of attending physician, Form (m) (pink).
Report of witnesses, Form (o) (buff).

4.

The employer should keep these blanks on hand. They are furnished free by the State. Unless the injury causes the loss of over one day's time, or results in a disability that impairs the earning capacity 5 per cent., no award will be made by the Commission.

Industrial Insurance Commission of Washington.
By J. H. Wallace,
Hamilton Higday,

Commissioners.

CHAPTER XI.

THE OHIO WORKMEN'S INSURANCE ACT.

§ 167. The nature of the Ohio Workmen's Insurance act. The distinction between Workmen's Insurance and Compensation Acts has been pointed out in