came.

and others interested were present. We waited a long time, but no witnesses I then proposed to Redjeb Pasha, to which he gave his cordial assent, to put out the next day, Saturday, a further and stronger notice, in which the Pasha and myself gave our solemn personal assurance (parole d'honneur) that in no case should any one suffer for any evidence they might give.

Next day I ascended the mountain and visited the scenes of the conflict, the three villages of Makrinitza, Portaria, and Eski Volo, and the exact place where the body of Mr. Ogle was found. I took with me Hassau, the Cavass who found the body, to point out the localities.

Next day (Sunday, 5th May) another meeting was held, but no witnesses appeared. Mr. Fitzgerald, correspondent of the "Standard," was present, also the Greek Consul. These gentlemen said they had witnesses, but that they would not come forward. I pointed out that already two witnesses had been examined from the villages; and Redjeb Pasha and myself having pledged our word, these people could have no excuse for keeping away. We adjourned till next day, in the hopes of their coming. This last meeting was held, but, as before, no evidence was produced.

In order to understand what follows, it is essentially necessary to have a knowledge of Volo and the neighbourhood, which I must therefore attempt to describe to your Excellency. Volo lies at the end of the bay of that name. Behind it, running nearly north and south, is the range of Mount Pelion, with an elevation of nearly 4,000 feet. Between the sea and the mountains there is a fertile plain, about two miles and a-half wide, covered with olive and other fruit-trees. Looking at the mountains behind Volo from the sea, three villages are seen, the lowest or centre one being Eski, or Old Volo; a little to the right, and higher up, is Portaria; to the left, perched on the steep face of the mountain, and higher up than either, is Makrinitza. This last village, from top to bottom, is nearly a mile long, and its streets are almost perpendicular. Leaving Volo, and passing through the olive groves, you emerge on a bare shoulder of Pelion. Mounting this by a gentle ascent you come at the end to a very formidable position, held till lately by the insurgents. This isolated hillock, or shoulder, ends abruptly in a perpendicular cliff, with large masses of rock, scattered about, looking over this cliff. A lovely green vally is seen below the head of this valley widens out into a deep ravine or chasm, which runs right up the face of the mountain and ends in a cascade. This ravine divides the villages, or rather townships (as they are surrounded by gardens and olive groves) of Makrinitza and Portaria. It was on the face of this ravine, looking south (which I will afterwards describe), that Mr. Ogle's body was found.

Leaving this place, and mounting a couple of hundred feet, you enter the village of Makrinitza, built right up the steep breast of the mountain, bounded by the ravine before alluded to on the right, and by another, but wider and not so precipitous, on the left. Passing through (rather up) the village, and turning to the left, you cross the top of this latter ravine and come to the highest ridge. This summit, and the northern lip of the ravine, was the first position held by the insurgents on Friday, the 29th. Standing on this place and looking south, you see, considerably higher than yourself, a ridge running parallel with the one you are

on.

This bounds to the north the ravine first mentioned between Makrinitza and Portaria. Between these two ridges there is about a mile's distance, and in the hollow between them lies the little convent of St. Elias, which was the insurgents' head-quarters and depôt of food and ammunition. Before describing what I conceive, from the evidence, to have been Mr. Ogle's movements on the day of his death, it is necessary here to mention a very curious circumstance, which has given rise to considerable confusion during the inquiry. Amongst the insurgents there was a young Swiss of the name of Souta. This man very much resembled Mr. Ogle. He was the same height, was clean shaved, and had a light moustache-was, in fact, very like him. This person during the whole day was fighting in the insurgents' ranks; he contrived to get clear away, and reached a village, a good distance to the south, named Drakhia, where he passed the night, and thence escaped into Greece. He had a horse with him during the battle; Mr. Ogle had not. Mr. Fitzgerald and other persons here were misled by the peasants of Drakhia, who imagined it was Mr. Ogle who passed the night in their village. That idea has now been quite abandoned, as well as his having slept either at Portaria or Makrinitza, as first maintained by his friends; and Mr. Fitzgerald, as representing them, admitted to me that he had come to the conclusion that Mr. Ogle was killed on the Friday afternoon, late in the day, probably between four and six. To return to the battle

and the movements of Mr. Ogle on the 28th and 29th March. On the 28th, firing was heard about Makrinitza, and Mr. Ogle at once left Volo and went up to that village. On the same day the insurgents were driven from the position I first described on the lower shoulder of Pelion below the village, and retreated to the other one above and to the left of it. During the night a body of Ottoman troops had turned the mountains further south, and on Friday morning they attacked this position from the further or eastern side after some heavy fighting, which lasted from 8 A.M. till about 1.30 P.M. The insurgents broke and retreated past the monastery of St. Elias, and took up a fresh position on the second ridge, which is the northerly edge of the ravine, separating the township of Makrinitza from that of Portaria.

Now, it is admitted that during this battle, which was severe, the Turks having upwards of 300 men hors de combat, Mr. Ogle was close to the insurgents, and in considerable danger. The Turks said he was seen fighting in the entrenchments, and encouraging the insurgents. I do not believe this statement; I do not think Mr. Ogle took an active part in the fight. The Frank, seen with the gun in his hand, was, without doubt, Souta. When the insurgents retreated to their second position the fighting ceased for a while, and recommenced about 3 A.M., when the Turks again attacked them. In a short time the insurgents broke again and fled, son.e to Portaria, some to Makrinitza. The summits of the ravine were crowned on both sides hy Turkish troops, who kept firing at the fugitives.

Standing on the position taken by the Turks, and looking south towards Portaria, you overlook the ravine, which has a very steep ace on the north side (see sketch) below the ridge upon which you are standing. About half-a-mile from the summit of Pelion, an almost impossible mountain path leads down the face of the cliff; going down this about 200 yards, you come to a single tree. To the right the path goes to Makrinitza; to get to Portaria opposite, you must descend 200 yards more and turn to the left, which brings you to some stepping stones over which you can cross the torrent. From the tree, turning sharp to the left, there is apparently a path, but it ends in nothing but an abrupt precipice. Over this an unhappy peasant ran and fell some 300 feet into the torrent below, his blood was still on the rocks as we passed. Sixty yards from the tree to the left, and about fifty yards from the cliff, Mr. Ogle's body was found. There was a broom-bush and a little plateau in front of it. On this ledge the body was lying when found by the Cavass Hassan.

Now, though there has been a great mass of evidence taken, there is but little to the point, much which is irrelevant having been accepted by Mr. Blunt in his anxiety not to exclude anything, but the testimony of Dr. Dromidis (though hearsay) is remarkable.

He says, according to those who had just come from the place, that they saw a Frank running down this path. Knowing that it led nowhere and that he could not escape that way, they called out to him but he did not hear them, but kept on. They went downwards and reached Portaria in safety. That seems to have been about 3.30 P.M., and was the last time he was seen by any one; as far as I can make out, no evidence has been given of any trace of him afterwards. These witnesses also say that bullets were then falling in every direction. At this point the evidence. of the man who hid himself comes in.

He states that some time about 4 P.M., while lying close, four soldiers passed him with a head on a bayonet, going to Makrinitza. Now that man was lying about 150 yards from where Mr. Ogle's body was found, and any one taking the murdered man's head to Makrinitza would pass by where the peasant was hiding. It is true he does not absolutely swear to Mr. Ogle's head, but he says it was not one of his people, and had a light moustache. The only other direct evidence is that of Iskender Pasha, who says the Englishman's passport was brought to him late in the afternoon of Friday, by which he knew that an Englishman had been killed in the fight. I must here observe that I think Iskender Pasha (himself a European) would have done better to have ordered an immediate search for the body, instead of sending the passport down to the authorities at Volo to be examined, and leaving the body for days on the ground.

Reverting to the place where the body was found, I was astonished to observe, even after a month had elapsed, distinct traces of the blood. Every one who saw it at the beginning states there was a very large quantity, and from that fact, and because, in my opinion, the blood I saw was coagulated, and therefore arterial and not venous blood, I conclude that the head was cut off either while the man was

living or immediately after death. Standing on the spot, Hassan pointed out to me the places between it and the torrent below, where he had found from seven to eight other bodies, one with the head off; above he said he found three more, and two or three more on the Portaria side, and also the man who had fallen over the rocks. I was also shown the spot where the witness hid himself. I myself picked up, within 100 yards, two Martini-Henry cartridges, and one muzzle-loader cartridge, such as used by the insurgents. Looking at the position in which the body was found amongst other corpses, and the statement that he was seen going a wrong path, I conclude that he got as far as the rocks, and finding he could get no further, he turned, and either sat down for shelter under the bush, and was there shot, or was overtaken by soldiers and bayonetted, and afterwards mutilated in the manner which has been described. I am firmly persuaded that Mr. Ogle met his death amongst the fugitive insurgents on that hillside on Friday, the 29th March last. A great deal has been said about his having been seen alive afterwards, but I feel convinced that if any one really did see him alive, they would have come and said so. There are persons here who are very anxious to make political capital out of this sad affair, and who have tried every method to induce some of the peasantry to come down and give this evidence; but they have not been successful. One person from Makrinitza has given evidence and another from Portaria. Noth ng could be stronger than the assurances of safety Redjeb Pasha and myself gave, and I have come to the conclusion that no more evidence was forthcoming, simply because none existed. Whilst it is much to be deplored that this young Englishman lost his life in the way he did, it must be confessed that he was most imprudent and self-willed. He did not come here properly furnished with a permission from the Ottoman authorities; he came over the frontier with the insurgents; he was known. to be in constant communication with them and with the Greek Committees at Athens; he left the insurgent camp and came to Volo, and was in the habit of going back and forward between the two. In any other country he would have been treated as a spy, arrested, and possibly shot. Not content with this, he seems to have set the authorities at defiance and insulted them. Not long before his death he got into some brawl with some soldiers, was arrested, and brought to the konak, and liberated with a caution to be more prudent.

All his friends here warned him that he would lose his life if he continued the course he was taking. There was no necessity for him to go on to the mountain the day of the battle. There were two other correspondents of journals here; neither of them left Volo. With a good glass the movements of the two armies could be as well watched, or better, than by a person in the midst of the fight; and these two gentlemen contented themselves with such observation.

The opinion prevalent at Volo that Mr. Ogle was assassinated in cold blood on Saturday, the 29th, and carried up that remarkably steep ravine and placed where he was found, seems to me improbable and unsupported by any evidence which has been adduced. If he had been so assassinated an easier method could have been hit upon for concealing the body, and had he been brought there dead the large pool of blood would not have been found there.

In conclusion, I am of opinion :

1. That Charles Ogle met his death by a gun-shot or bayonet wound, on Friday afternoon, the 29th March, whilst retreating with the insurgents, after the second battle of Makrinitza.

2. That he was afterwards mutilated, his head being cut off by Turkish soldiers.

3. That his great imprudence made it extremely probable that some such casualty would happen to him.

Appended is a list of the evidence and documents connected with the inquiry; also a sketch of the place I made to give your Excellency an idea of the locality. I have, &c. (Signed)

J. HENRY FAWCETT.

Inclosure 2 in No. 49.

Documents annexed to the Report which Her Majesty's Consul-General and Judge Fawcett has addressed to his Excellency Her Majesty's Ambassador, under date of 8th May, 1878, on his visit to Volo to inquire into the circumstances attending the Death of the late Mr. Ogle.

1. Evidence taken before Mr. Consul Blunt, Redjeb Pasha, and Ibrahim Pasha.

2. Same, translated into French.

3. Letter to Mr. Fawcett, from Redjeb Pasha and Ibrahim Pasha.

4. Statement of Iskender Pasha and Rechid Pasha to Redjeb Pasha.

5. Statement of certain insurgent prisoners sent to Redjeb Pasha, by Emin Bey, of Larissa.

6. Notice issued May 2, 1878, by Ibrahim Pasha, at Mr. Fawcett's request.

7. Notice in Greek and Turkish, posted May 4, by Redjeb Pasha and Mr. Fawcett. (Trans-
lation thereof.)

8. Memorandum by Captain Clerk, of Her Majesty's ship "Falcon."

9. Medical Reports.

10. Sketch of Volo and its neighbourhood.

(No. 2.)

Déposition de M. John Zabanski.

(Traduction.)

Volo, le

28

Avril, 1878.

D. LE correspondant du "Times," Mr. Ogle, vous est-il connu et qu'est-ce que vous savez de lui pour nous dire?-R. Il est parti Jeudi 18 Mars après-midi d'ici à peine qu'il a entendu le bruit des canons. Il se trouvait alors à la promenade avec mon petit enfant; il est revenu chez moi, il a laissé l'enfant et il est parti. Depuis lors je ne l'ai plus vu.

D. L'avez-vous vu une autre fois après son départ et qu'est-ce que vous avez entendu de lui?-R. Je ne l'ai plus revu. Ce ne fut que Dimanche seulement que M. Zacho m'a donné avis qu'un officier tient entre ses mains un passeport, en demandant qu'on celui lise. Je suis sorti après de chez moi et j'ai rencontré Mr. Borrell et Mr. Fitzgerald, correspondant du "Standard," et nous sommes allés avec eux à la caserne. Là nous avons trouvé Hobart Pacha et le Miralai Soukri Bey, et Hobart Pacha nous a montré le passeport et nous a dit que Ogle a été tué à la bataille tenant un fusil entre ses mains. Je ne sais que cela et rien de plus. D. Jeudi lorsque Mr. Ogle est parti, est-il parti en cheval ou non ? Et quelle autre chose vous connaissez ?-R. Mr. Ogle est parti en pieds. J'ai oublié seulement de vous dire qu'au marché on vendait un livre de notes (defteri) de Mr. Ogle.

D. De qui l'avez-vous acheté, combien de piastres, et quel jour, et si vous l'avez il faut le porter ?-R. Je l'ai acheté dix paistres; je ne connais pas l'homme, mais je connais la boutique. Je ne me rappelle pas le jour. J'ai le livre et je le dépose.

Demande de Mr. Blunt, Consul Anglais.-Le jour où il est parti, est-il parti armé ou non armé, et quels autres objets avait sur soi, et s'il portait chapeau ou fez?-R. Le révolver, le et sa montre qu'il avait chez moi, il ne les a pas pris. Je les ai portés et je les dépose. Il est parti portant chapeau et non fez. Je ne l'ai jamais vu portant fez.

D. Ainsi que nous nous informons il avait aussi un cheval. Qu'est-ce qu'il est devenu ?-R. Son cheval, par ordre du Consul Anglais, Mr. Suter, a été vendu aux enchères publiques une semaine environ après la mort de Mr. Ogle. Je suis prêt l'assurer par serment ce que je viens de déposer, à peine que je suis requis, et à eet effet je signe aujourd'hui le Avril à 5 heures à la Turque.

D. C'est vous qui avez trouvé le corps du correspondant du "Times," Mr. Ogle, qui a été tué à la bataille de Macrinitza ?-R. C'est moi qui l'ai trouvé.

D. Combien de jours après la bataille, si vous vous rappelez, l'avez-vous trouvé?

-R Je ne me rappelle pas le jour.

D. Pour trouver le corps de Mr. Ogle, qui vous a nommé (ordonné) ?-R. Mon ?—R. maître, Mr. Borrell.

D. Est-ce qu'il y avait quelque autre avec vous de la part des autorités militaires ou de l'autorité locale ou des Consulats?-R. Il n'y avait ni de la part des Consuls ni de la part des autorités militaires, mais seulement de la part du Houkimat, un Souvari, m'a accompagné jusqu'à Macrinitza.

D. Ce Souvari vous a-t-il accompagné jusqu'à l'endroit où vous avez trouvé le corps?-R. Non; mais seulement jusqu'à Macrinitza, d'où le Souvari a retourné, tandis que moi j'ai été à la recherche et je suis resté une soirée là. J'ai cherché, je n'ai rien trouvé et je suis retourné après à Volo.

D. La seconde fois, lorsque vous êtes allé, qui aviez-vous avec vous ?-R. La seconde fois j'avais avec moi le muletier et un Chrétien Voliote.

D. Dites-nous les noms, les prénoms et les métiers de ces deux hommes?— R. Le muletier s'appelle Akilleas Kaffeggi et l'autre Nicolow Kazamias. Outre ces deux j'avais deux autres Chrétiens Voliotes, dont je ne me rappelle pas les noms. Nous étions cinq en tout.

D. Lorsque vous avez le corps de Mr. Ogle étiez vous tout ensemble ou dispersés ?-R. Nous étions tout ensemble. Outre nous cinq d'autres personnes de Macrinitza et Portaria ont suivi.

D. Qui, le premier, a trouvé le corps?-R. Moi et Akilléas.

D. Dès que vous l'avez trouvé, dites-nous comment vous l'avez trouvé, qu'est-ce que vous avez vu et en général ce que vous savez?-R. Nous l'avons trouvé sans tête avec les pieds vers le haut. Il portait seulement flanelle, gilet et chemise ; il y avait aussi du sang dans la terre. Le corps avait déjà mauvaise odeur, comme il y avait beaucoup de temps passé. Immédiatement nous avons appelé nos autres

compagnons et nous l'avons levé et le soir nous sommes restés à Portaria.

D. Dans cet endroit où vous avez trouvé ce corps, là près, est-ce qu'il y avaient d'autres corps de tués?-R. Il y avaient aussi d'autres corps, qui étaient plus bas que ce corps, dans la route qui mène vers le monastère du Saint Jean.

D. Est-ce que vous vous rappelez combien étaient ces cadavres ?-R. Je ne me rappelle pas.

Demande du Consul Anglais, Mr. Blunt.-Ces corps étaient des corps d'insurgés ou d'autres villageois ?-R. Ils étaient mêlés; mais moi je n'ai pas fait attention. Plus bas, près de l'eau, au-dessous d'un rocher, j'ai vu aussi un autre corps sans tête; par ses habits il paraissait être un étranger.

D. Le fusil Chassepôt où est-ce que vous l'avez trouvé ?-R. Je l'ai trouvé au-dessous du sentier et plus bas de tous les corps qui étaient en cet endroit.

D. Cet autre corps sans tête c'est vous seul qui l'avez vu ou bien d'autres aussi l'ont vu ?-R. Nous l'avons tous vu.

D. Dès que vous avez porté ici le corps à qui vous l'avez livré ?-R. Nous l'avons porté directement à l'église.

D. Lorsque vous cherchiez le corps de Mr. Ogle où étaient les troupes Ottomanes ?-R. Dans les endroits où elles sont maintenant.

D. Avez-vous demandé quelque secours pour la recherche du corps ?-R. Non. D. Connaissez-vous quelque autre chose?-R. Non.

En affirmation de tout cela il a déclaré qu'il est prêt de prendre serment et à cet effet il signe la présente déposition aujourd'hui le

Avril, 1878.
(Signé)

HASSAN.

Déposition de Houssein Aga Haggi Matou, Habitant de Larisse.

D. Etiez-vous à la bataille de Macrinitza?-R. J'étais.

D. Combien d'heures a duré "la bataille?"-R. Je n'ai pas observé l'heure ; mais par conjecture je dis qu'elle a commencé vers une heure une heure et demie, et elle a duré jusqu'à huit heures-huit heures et demie.

D. Etiez-vous depuis le commencement jusqu'à la fin de la bataille ?—R. Oui. D. La plupart du temps pendant la bataille où vous trouviez-vous et auprès de qui ?-R. En arrière du corps d'armée, que commandait Reschid Pacha.

D. A la fin de la bataille-huit heures jusqu'à huit heures et demie-comme Vous avez dit, où vous trouviez vous ?-R. Je voulais aller à l'endroit où était Reschid Pacha; mais comme près du Prophète Elia où je me trouvais, arrivaient quelques balles de fusils, je me suis assis un quart d'heure environ et dès que j'ai