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Olympian, at Olympia in Elis were held the most famous athletic contests of Greece Olympias, mother of Alexander the Great

Olympus, a mountain in Thessaly, where the Greeks supposed their gods to dwell; also used as a synonym for the sky

omnific, all-creating, P.L. vii. 217

Ophion, a Titan, driven from

Olympus by Kronos Ophir, the land whence Solomon got his gold

Ophiuchus, a northern constellation

Ophiusa, an island full of serpents opposition, an astrological term, used when the earth lies between two bodies and in one straight line with them, P.L. ii. 803

opprobrious, infamous, P.L. i. 403

Ops, wife of Saturn

optic glass, telescope, P.L. i. 288 orc, a sea-monster, P.L. xi. 835 Orcus, a Latin name of the king

of the infernal regions Oread, a mountain nymph Oreb or Horeb, which properly means a 'dry place," later used of the Sinaitic region

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orient, bright, like the sunrise, P.L. xỉ. 205 Orion, a constellation figured

as an armed man, which was supposed to bring storms Ormus, Hormuz, a rich city on the Persian Gulf

Orontes, a river to the N. of Syria

Orphean, Orpheus was a mythical musician, who played so beautifully that beasts and trees and rocks listened and followed him

Orpheus, a mythical singer, who went to Hades in order to recover his dead wife, Eurydice. He so charmed Pluto that Pluto consented, condition Orpheus should not look back upon her until

on

he emerged into the upper air. When he had all but come to the end of his journey, he looked back, and Eurydice, "half-regained," vanisht

away

Orus, Horus, an Egyptian deity, the son of Isis and Osiris Osiris, an Egyptian deity and culture-hero, husband of

Isis. He taught the people agriculture and civilised them. His brother Typhon murdered him, cut him in pieces, and cast the pieces into the Nile. Isis gathered the pieces, and put them away in a chest

ounce, a kind of leopard, P.L. iv. 344; C. 71

outlandish, foreign, P.R. iv. 125 Oxus, a river in Asia

Palatine, a hill of Rome where stood the palace of the later Emperors. M. anticipates in P.R. iv. 50, for then the buildings were more modest Pales, a Roman deity of flocks and shepherds

pampered, leafy (Lat. pampinus, "vine "), P.L. v. 214 Pan, the rural god of the Greeks, patron of flocks and shepherds; a kind of personification of nature. The word Tây means everything," and M. plays on this word in P.L. iv. 266, though there is no real connection between the two Pandemonium, the place of

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All-Devils. A word coined on the analogy of Pantheon Pandora, a woman made by the gods to do mischief to

men. The word means that she possest "all their gifts " Paneas, now Banias, a town

under Hermon at one of the springs of Jordan, believed by many to be the ancient Dan

panim, pagan (or infidel) Panope, a sea nymph, daughter;

of Nereus Paquin, Pekin (really the same as Cambaluc)

paragon (vb.), to compare, P.L. |
X. 426
parallax, an astronomical term,
used metaphorically for a
strange effect of vision, P.R.
iv. 40

paramount, chief, P.L. ii. 508
paranymph, bridesman, S.A.

1020

pardon, dispensation or indul-
gence, P.L. iii. 492
peal, fill with noise, P.L. ii. 920
Pegasus, the winged horse of
Greek mythology; in later
times associated with the
Muses, because with his hoof
he struck, and forth came
the inspiring fount called
Hippocrene

Pellean, of Pella in Macedonia;
used of Alexander the Great,
who was born there. At the
battle of the Issus, he cap-
tured, when he was twenty- |
three years old, the wife and
daughters of Darius, with
other ladies not a few; but
dismissed them free
Pelleas, a Knight of the Round
Table

Pellemore, a Knight of the
Round Table
Pelops' line, the Thyestiada,
whose story was the theme of
many Greek tragedies
Pelorus, the N.-E. promontory
of Sicily

Peor, i.e. Baal-peor, a licentious
deity

Perea, a district E. of the
Jordan

perfet, perfect (older and
correct spelling), P.R. iv. 468
Persepolis, ancient capital of
Persia

person, character, P.L. x. 156 Petsora, Petchora on the Arctic

ocean

Pharphar, a river flowing near
Damascus

Phlegeton (Phlegethon), river of
fire, one of the rivers of the
infernal regions in Greek
mythology
Phlegra, the battle-field of the
gods and giants in Greek
mythology

phoenix, a fabulous bird, sup-
posed to live a thousand
years, and then to burn itself,
on which another would rise
from the ashes

Pindarus, a great Greek lyric
poet

pinnacle, Matt. iv. 5
platane, plane-tree, P.L. iv. 478
Plato, most famous of the Greek
philosophers

Pluto, king of the underworld
poise, weigh down, P.L. ii. 905
Pomona, the Roman goddess
of fruit trees, wedded by
Vertumnus

Pompey, Cn. Pompius Magnus,
distinguished himself before
he was twenty-three, but did
not obtain a triumph so early
as M. states
ponent, from the W. or sun-
setting, P.L. x. 704
Pontic King, Mithradates
pontifical, bridge-making, P.L.
x. 313

Pontus, the Black Sea; famed
for its fish; also a district in
Asia Minor southward of the

same

port, gate, P.L. iv. 778
prætor, a Roman official, P.R.
iv. 63

pretended, stretcht as a screen,
P.L. x. 872

prevenient, anticipating, P.L. xi. 3

prevention, anticipation of a
coming blow, P.L. vi. 320
prick, ride or spur, P.L. ii.
536

procinct (in), girt (Lat. in pro-
cinctu), P.L. vi 19
Proclaimer, Luke iii. 4
proconsul, a Roman official,
P.R. iv. 63

Philip, father of Alexander the
Great. Alexander began his
reign at twenty, conquered
Persia when not yet twenty-proem, prelude, P.L. ix. 549
five, and died at thirty-three
Philomel, the nightingale
Phineus, a blind soothsayer of
old Greece

progeny, birth and lineage, P.R. iv. 554

Proserpine, daughter of Ceres (Gr. Demeter), wife of Pluto,

who carried her off while gathering flowers in Enna Proteus, the mythical Old Man of the Sea, who could transform himself into many shapes

prowest, most renowned or bravest, P.R. iii. 342 Psyche, the soul personified. Eros (or Cupid) loved her, but visited her only at night, and forbade her to look upon him. She disobeyed, he departed, and she traversed a weary pilgrimage before she was united to him again

punctual, like a point, P.L. viii. 23

Punic, Carthaginian or Phoenician

Punic coast, the N. of Africa,

about Carthage

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quaternion, fourfold, P.L. v. 181. The four elements, according to Heracleitus, were air, sether, water, and earth Quiloa, near Zanzibar Quintilian, a great critic and rhetorician under the early Roman empire Quintius, L. Quintus Cincinnatus, dictator in Rome, called to that post from the plough, returned to the plough on resigning it

Rabba, or Rabbath, chief city
of Ammon; on the E. of
Jordan
Ramath-lechi, “ casting away of
the jaw-bone": see Judges
IV. 17

Ramiel," exaltation of God"
Ramoth, Ramoth - Gilead,

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stronghold E. of Jordan. See 1 Kings xxii. 34 ramp, jump, P.L. iv. 343 Raphael, an archangel. See Asmodeus

realty, royalty, P.L. vi. 115 rebeck, a kind of violin, P.R. P. 401

recorder, a wind instrument, P.L. i. 551

redound, overflow, P.L. ii. 889 Regulus, M. Atilius Regulus was taken prisoner at Carthage. He was sent home on parole, and bidden to persuade the Romans to make peace; but, on the contrary, he is said to have told them to hold out, and then he returned to his death

reluctant, struggling, P.L. x. 515 result, rebound, P.L. vi. 619 Rhea, wife of Jupiter Ammon Rhea, wife of Kronos (Saturn) Rhene, the Rhine Rhodope, a mountain range between Thrace and Macedonia. Here was the oracle of the Thracian Dionysus. The "Thracian bard" Orpheus did not honour Dionysus, who sent upon him the Bassarida (a rout of Manad women), and they tore him to pieces, nor could his mother Calliope aid him rhomb, wheel, P.L. viii. 134 Rimmon, a Syrian deity rined, rinded, P.L. v. 342 ruin, fall, P.L. vi. 868 Rutupina æquora, Rutupiæ is the modern Richborough

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Satan, the " enemy Saturn (Gr. Kronos), the Titan who ruled the universe before Jove (Zeus) deposed him Saturn, used by M. for the Gr. Kronos, chief of the Titanic dynasty that preceded Zeus satyr, a hybrid monster with goat's feet, in Greek mythology. The satyrs suggested the traditional type of Satan in art and legend scales, one of the signs of the Zodiac, between Virgo and Scorpio. In P.L. iv. 997 M. alludes to the classical belief that the fates of earthly combatants were weighed in scales by the gods Scipio, conqueror of Hannibal Scorpion, one of the signs of the Zodiac

scull, shoal, P.L. vii. 402 Scylla, the straits of Messina were supposed to have on one side Scylla, a devouring monster, and on the other Charybdis, a whirlpool secular, lasting for a whole age, S.A. 1707

secure, careless, confident, P.L.

vi. 541

Seleucia, a city on the Tigris, built by Seleucus, one of Alexander's generals

Semele, a woman beloved of

Zeus in Greek mythology, by whom she became mother of Bacchus

seneshal, steward of the household, P.L. ix. 38 Sennaar, Shinar, a part Babylonia

of

sentence, opinion, P.L. ii. 51 Seon, Sihon, King of the Amor

ites

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gutta serena, a disease of the eyes, P.L. iii. 25

Sericana, part of China and Tibet

Setia, a town of Latium, famous for wine

Severn, named from Sabrina, drowned in it sewer, a butler or steward who arranged the meats on the table, P.L. ix. 38

Sibma, a town in Moab sideral, of the stars, P.L. x. 693 Sidonian, Phoenician, as Sidon was one of the chief Phoenician towns silly, simple, p. 388 Silo, Shiloh, where was the sanctuary of God

Siloa, a pool with a spring flow

ing into it, just outside Jerusalem, and near the temple silvan, Silvanus, a Roman deity of the fields and forests Simeon, Luke ii. 25 Sinaan, Chinese

Sinai, a mountain or mountain range on a peninsula between the Gulfs of Suez and Akabah; here were given the Tables of the Law to Moses Sion, one of the hills of Jeru

salem, where the temple stood Siren, a name used in ancient astronomy, of beings who sat each in one of the nine "infolded spheres," making melody

sirocco, a hot wind from the S.-E.

Sieraliona, Sierra Leone Sittim, a camping-place of the Israelites hard by Jericho sleight, trick, P.L. ix. 92 slightly, slightingly, contemptuously, P.R. H. 198

Socrates, the Greek philosopher and teacher, was put to death on a false charge of blasphemy and corrupting the youth

sock, soccus, the boot of the ancient actor, p. 402 Sofala, on E. coast of Africa Sogdiana, N.-E. province of the ancient Persian empire Soldan, Sultan Solomon, 1 Kings xi. 4

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Stoa or Colonnade, a place in

Athens where Zeno taught stub, stump or stubble, P.R. i. 339

Stygian, of Styx

Styx, River of Hate, one of the rivers of the infernal regions in Greek mythology sublime, uplifted, P.L. x. 536 sublimed, uplifted, P.L. i. 235 success, result, P.L. ii. 9 succint, girt up, P.L. iii. 643 summed, a technical term in falconry, of full plumage, P.R. i. 14

supplanted, thrown off his feet, P.L. x. 513 Sus, Tunis

Susa, treasure city and winter residence of the Persian kings (Shushan in the Bible) Susiana, a province of the ancient Persian empire suspense (adj.), full of suspense, P.L. ii. 418

swage, assuage, P.L. i. 556 Sylvan, Sylvanus, a Roman

deity of the fields and forests synod, assembly, P.L. ii. 391 Syene, a place on the Nile, by the first cataract; and a Roman frontier station Syrinx, a mythical nymph beloved by the god Pan Syrtis, a gulf and quicksand in N. Africa

Tantalus was condemned to remain throat-deep in a lake, with fruit-trees over-hanging; but so often as he caught at the fruit, the trees receded, and when he stooped to drink, the water fled away from his lips

Taprobane, Ceylon

Tarpeian Rock, front of the Capitoline Hill, where stood the temple of Jupiter. From

hence malefactors were cast down

Tarsus, chief city of Cilicia Tartarus, "the Pit," Hades Tauric pool, sea of Azov, so called from the Tauric Chersonese or Crimea

Tauris, Tabriz, in N. Persia Taurus, the Bull, one of the signs of the Zodiac

ted, to spread out hay for the making, P.L. ix. 450 teem, breed, S.A. 1703 Telassar, a city of the children of Eden," where precisely is unknown Temir, i.e. Timar or Tamberlaine, whose capital Samarcand

was

tempering, mixing, P.L. vii. 15 Teradon, a city near the mouth of the Tigris

Tethys, daughter of Uranus and Ge (Heaven and Earth), and wife of Oceanus; a sea-deity tetrarch, lord of a fourth part, in allusion to the four elements, P.R. iv. 201 Teucrigena, Brutus the Trojan led a colony to Britain, according to the legend Ternate, one of the Moluccas or Spice Islands

Thammuz, a god supposed to have been slain by a boar on Lebanon, and to die and revive each year. The Greeks identified him with Adonis; he was mourned in a yearly festival by the women of Lebanon

Thamyris, a blind bard

Thracian

than, then, S.A. 158 Theban monster, the Sphinx. When Edipus guessed the riddle, she died

Thebes, a city in Boeotia (N. Greece), scene of a mythical struggle, and of the Greek tragedies of Edipus and the Seven Heroes

Thebes, a famous city in Egypt (distinct from Thebes in Greece) Thebex, a village near Neapolis, and bearing its ancient name as Tubas: wrongly connected

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