for themselves without the consent of the owners. Factories shall keep a detailed account of their operations, open to the inspection of patrons. Factory proprietors shall make detailed reports to the commissioner. Cheese.-At least 45 per cent of the total solids of cheese must be fat. It shall not be falsely branded. A registered brand with a motto and the words "Minnesota State full-cream cheese," for use on full-cream cheese and their packages, is issued to factories upon application to the commissioner. Skim cheese.-Skim cheese is that below the standard for full-cream cheese. It is permitted if the packages are plainly marked "Skim cheese." A placard must be displayed where it is sold. 1 The manufacture or sale of any substance in imitation Imitation butter and cheese. of butter or cheese is prohibited. Coloring oleomargarine to resemble butter is prohibited. Notice of use of oleomargarine in public eating places must be given. Patent butter.-Butter made by any process by which casein and other ingredients of milk are made to replace pure fat shall be plainly marked "Patent butter," and a printed card stating its ingredients shall be given to each purchaser. Renovated butter.-Every package of process, or renovated, butter shall be plainly labeled "Renovated butter." Miscellaneous. Pure food. Milk. Milch cows shall not be kept in a crowded or unhealthy condition nor fed unwholesome food or any that produces impure milk. The adulteration of food or the sale of adulterated food is a misde meanor. (No law.) Butter. (No law.) Cheese. (No law.) Imitation butter. MISSISSIPPI. Packages of oleomargarine or similarly manufactured butters shall be plainly labeled with the correct name of their contents, and the product shall be sold by that name. A privilege tax of $5 is imposed upon persons selling the articles named. Imitation cheese. (No law.) Miscellaneous. It is unlawful to milk the cow of another, or to confine her with intent to take her milk, without the consent of the owner. State board of agriculture. MISSOURI. The State board of agriculture is charged with the enforcement of the act relating to butter substitutes and cheese branding. (Appropriation, $5,000 for two years.) 2 Milk. Butter. Cheese. All cities and towns have power to license dairies, provide for inspection, etc. (No law.) Cheese made from milk testing at least 3 per cent fat, or cream from the same, is deemed a full-cream cheese. Skim cheese.-Any cheese not made from pure milk testing at least 3 per cent fat, or cream from the same, shall be plainly branded "Skimmed-milk cheese" or "Not full-cream cheese," and its true name given. Imitation butter. Imitation butter is defined as every article not produced wholly from pure milk or cream, made in semblance of and designed to be used as a substitute for pure butter; it shall not be sold as butter; shall not be colored to resemble butter unless it is to be sold outside the State; original packages shall be plainly stamped "Substitute for butter;" in hotels, etc., vessels in which it is served must be marked "Oleomargarine," or "Impure butter." Imitation cheese. Any article not produced wholly from pure milk or cream and designed to take the place of cheese shall have its original packages stamped with its true name. Miscellaneous. (No law.) Milk. (No law.) Butter. (No law.) Cheese. (No law.) Imitation butter and cheese. ΜΟΝΤΑΝΑ. Any article in semblance of butter or cheese, and not made wholly from milk or cream, must be plainly labeled “Oleomargarine” or “Imitation cheese," and a printed label bearing the same word or words must be delivered to the purchaser with retail sales. Places where these articles are sold or used must display signs, and information as to their character be given if requested. Dealers must pay a license of 10 cents a pound on each pound sold. Miscellaneous. Cows shall not be kept in unsanitary places or fed food that produces unwholesome milk. Deputy food commissioner.1 NEBRASKA. The governor of the State is food commissioner and appoints a deputy at a salary of $1,500. The latter holds office at pleasure of the governor and must be a person with knowledge of dairy products; he must give a bond for $3,000; may employ a clerk at $75 per month, and a chemist; reports annually to the governor; authority extends to vinegar and cider. Appropriation $5,000, but shall not exceed revenue from act. Milk. Milk and cream standards may be established by the food commissioner. Adulterated milk.-The sale of adulterated, skimmed, diseased, or tainted milk, or its delivery to a factory, is prohibited. No poisonous or deleterious matter shall be used in the manuButter and cheese. facture of butter or cheese. Wholesale dealers in butter and cheese, creameries, cheese factories, and skimming stations are defined, and must pay for annual permits as follows: Wholesale dealers, $10; creameries, $10; cheese factories, $10; skimming stations, $1. Ladle butter.-Manufacturers of lade butter are defined; must pay $15 for annual permits. Use of cream by employees of a factory without permission of patrons is prohibited. Imitation butter or cheese is defined as any article made Imitation butter and cheese. in semblance of and designed to be used as a substitute for pure butter or cheese, and not produced wholly from pure milk or cream; the use of salt, renuet, and harmless coloring matter are permitted. These articles, including any having melted butter added to them, shall not be colored to resemble butter or cheese; shall be plainly marked "Imitation butter" or "Imitation cheese;" verbal and printed information of the character of the articles and address of the maker shall be given at time of sale; signs shall be displayed in public eating places where used. Manufacturers and dealers, except retailers, shall report monthly, amounts sold, to whom, etc. Manufacturers and dealers in imitations are defined and must pay for annual permits as follows: Manufacturers of imitation butter or cheese, $100; wholesale dealers in imitation butter or cheese, $50— this not required from manufacturers who sell their own products only; retail dealers in imitation butter or cheese, $25. 1 See footnote, page 67. Miscellaneous. Pure food. (No law.) Any article of food or drink is deemed adulterated if any inferior or injurious substance has been mixed with it, if any valuable constituent has been removed, if it is in imitation of or sold as another article, if it is diseased, decomposed, infected, if it is colored to conceal inferiority, etc. With certain exceptions, which shall be labeled, such articles are prohibited. Milk. NEVADA. Skimmed milk.-Skimmed milk may be sold as such. Adulterated milk.— The sale or exchange of adulterated milk, or milk from cows which are improperly cared for, or fed "swill" or other decomposed matter, is a misde meanor. Milk inspectors are appointed and their compensation fixed by board of county commissioners. They shall inspect milk sold by venders and prosecute violations. (No law.) Cheese. (No law.) Butter. Imitation butter. Any article in semblance of butter but not made exclusively of milk or cream, or containing melted butter, shall be in packages plainly marked "Oleomargarine.” Milk. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Milk standard, 13 per cent solids. It shall be sold by wine measure, and the capacity of vessels shall be marked upon them. Skimmed milk.-Milk from which any cream has been removed can be sold only from vessels plainly marked "Skimmed milk." Adulterated milk.-The sale of adulterated, unwholesome, diseased, etc., milk, and that from cows fed on brewery refuse, etc., is prohibited. The mayor and aldermen of cities and the selectmen of towns may appoint and fix the compensation of milk inspectors. In towns having inspectors all milk dealers must register and obtain, at the cost of 50 cents per year, a license which gives full details as to the conduct of their business. Names of persons convicted of selling adulterated milk are published. Butter and cheese. "Butter" and "cheese" are understood to mean the products usually known by those names, and which are manufactured exclusively from milk or cream, with salt, and with or without coloring matter, and if cheese, with rennet. Imitation butter and cheese. Any article not made wholly from unadulterated milk or cream which is in imitation of pure yellow butter or cheese is prohibited, unless in packages plainly marked "Adulterated butter,” ‘Oleomargarine," or "Imitation cheese." A label printed with the words on the original package shall be delivered with each retail sale. Oleomargarine free from color or ingredient to cause it to look like butter, and made in such form and sold in such manner as will advise the consumer of its real character, is permitted. Notice of the use of substitutes for butter in hotels, etc., shall be given to patrons. The State board of agriculture is in charge of the enforcement of the laws on this subject. Miscellaneous. (No law.) NEW JERSEY. Dairy commissioner. Dairy commissioner is appointed by State board of health; term of office, three years; salary, $2,000 per annum. He may appoint and fix the compensation of such assistants, chemists, agents, clerks, and counsel as are necessary. Expenses are limited to $10,000 per year. Authority is extended to all foods and drugs. Milk. Milk standard, 12 per cent solids. Skimmed milk.—Skimmed milk shall be sold only in or from cans plainly marked "Skimmed milk." In cities of the first class it is prohibited. Adulterated milk.-The sale of adulterated or unwholesome milk or its delivery to a cheese factory is prohibited. It is defined as any which has been adulterated by the addition of any substance, or any from cows poorly cared for or fed unwholesome foods, or that has been exposed to infection by diseased persons, etc. It is unlawful for any person to use a milk can belonging to another and marked with the owner's name or initials without his consent. If they are so used and found, their contents may be emptied. The terms natural butter and natural cheese are taken to mean Butter and cheese. the products usually so called, made exclusively from milk or cream, with salt and rennet and with or without coloring matter or sage. Each butter or cheese package must be branded with its weight and the name of the manufacturer. Imitation butter and cheese. Any article made wholly or partly out of any fat, oil, etc., not from pure milk or cream, artificially colored in imitation of pure yellow butter, is prohibited; but oleomargarine and imitation cheese are permitted if free from artificial color and in original package, encircled by a wide black band bearing the name of the maker and having the name of the contents plainly branded on them with a hot iron. Retail sales shall be accompanied by a printed card on which the name of the substance and the address of the maker are plainly printed, and the customer shall be orally informed of the character of the article at the time of sale. Miscellaneous. Cows shall be properly cared for and fed. Milch cows kept in towns shall be registered. State dairy commissioner shall be notified when any of them are supposed to be diseased. A commission of five is appointed by the president of the State board of agriculture to investigate tuberculosis. Owners are paid half value of condemned animals. An article of food or drink is deemed to be adulterated if any inferior Pure food. or injurious substance has been added to it, if any valuable constituent has been removed, if it is an imitation of or sold as another article, if it is diseased or decomposed, if it is colored to conceal inferiority, etc. With the exception of articles named by the board of health and ordinary articles of food, which shall be branded, such articles are prohibited. NEW MEXICO. City councils. City councils shall provide for the inspection of dairy products. Milk. (No law.) Pure food. Any article of food or drink shall not be knowingly sold if it is unhealthy, or if any valuable constituent has been removed from it, or if it contains ingredients not asked for, unless notice is given to the purchaser. The use of an injurious coloring matter or any diseased or decomposed substance in the manufacture of food is prohibited. NEW YORK. Commissioner of agriculture is appointed by the govCommissioner of agriculture. ernor; term of office, three years; salary, $4,000 per annum. He may appoint assistant commissioners, chemists, clerks, agents, and counsel necessary for the work of his office and fix their compensation; also may appoint five expert butter and cheese makers to inspect factories, give instruction, etc. Milk. Milk standard, 12 per cent solids, 3 per cent fat. Pure milk is defined as sweet and unadulterated; pure cream is that taken from such milk. Milk shall not be kept in unclean vessels nor in unsanitary places. All cans, etc., containing milk to be sold in counties other than where produced, must be plainly branded with name of the county of production: vehicles from which it is sold must be similarly marked. Glass bottles are excepted from the provision, but they must bear the name of the vender. Skimmed milk.-Skim milk may be delivered to skim-cheese factories, and, except in New York and Kings counties, it may be sold as skimmed milk for use in the county where it is produced or an adjoining county. Condensed milk.-Condensed milk must be made from pure and wholesome milk, and its proportion of milk solids shall be in quantity the equivalent of 12 per cent of milk solids in crude milk, of which 25 per cent shall be fat. All packages of condensed milk shall be labeled with name of manufacturer, etc. Adulterated milk.-Adulterated milk is defined as any below the standard, or which has been altered, or any from cows poorly cared for or fed certain unwholesome foods. Its sale, exchange, delivery to a butter or cheese factory, or use for any food is prohibited. Pure skim milk is excepted as above. Preservatives and poisonous colors are prohibited. Butter and cheese are defined as the products of the dairy usuButter and cheese. ally known by those terms, manufactured exclusively from pure unadulterated milk or cream, with or without salt, rennet, coloring matter, or sage. False brands are prohibited. County trade-marks may be adopted by county dairymen's associations. Preservatives and poisonous colors are prohibited. Cheese.-A registered brand, with the words "New York State full cream cheese," for use on full milk cheese and their packages, will be furnished to factories applying to the commissioner of agriculture. Skim cheese.-Pure skim cheese may be made from clean, pure skim milk. Unless factory operator buys all the milk delivered, he shall not use any of it or its products without consent of the owners, and he must keep an account of all factory operations for the inspection of his patrons. Imitations shall not be sold as butter or cheese. The Imitation butter and cheese. terms oleomargarine, butterine, imitation butter, or imitation cheese mean any article in the semblance of butter or cheese not the usual product of the dairy and not made exclusively from unadulterated milk, or having any oil, lard, melted butter, etc., as a component part. Imitation butter.— The manufacture of oleomargarine or any article in imitation of butter wholly or partly from fats or oils not produced from milk, or the sale or the use in hotels, etc., of such articles, is prohibited. No article intended as an imitation of butter and containing oils, fats, etc., not from milk, or melted butter in any condition, shall be colored yellow. Renovated butter.-Butter produced by melting original |