all the power now conferred upon justices of the peace to compel witnesses to attend and testify.

SEC. 4812. All costs and expenses incurred in procuring the attendance of such witnesses shall be allowed by the State Auditor, upon the approval of the Governor, and be paid by the State.

SEC. 4813. When bovine tuberculosis or any contagious disease exists in the State among cattle or other domestic animals, the Board of Agriculture may quarantine all infected animals or such as they suppose have been exposed to the contagion, may prohibit any animal from passing on or over any of the highways near the place of quarantine, may enter upon any premises where there are animals suspected to have bovine tuberculosis or any contagious disease, may employ such expert help and means as they deem necessary to a thorough investigation of such diseases, may make all investigations and regulations they deem necessary for the detection, prevention, treatment, cure, and extirpation of such disease, but shall not apply the tuberculin test without the consent of the owner of the cattle, but in quarantine regulations against cattle imported from without the State the tuberculin test may be applied, and they may condemn and order killed any cattle or other domestic animals believed by said board to be infected with bovine tuberculosis or any contagious disease, and may order the bodies of the same buried or burned, as in their judgment the case may require; may forbid the sale or removal from the premises of any dairy product from cows that are believed to have bovine tuberculosis. Any person who shall knowingly violate or refuse to comply with any order or regulation of such board, made under the authority of this section, shall be fined not more than $200, or be imprisoned not more than two years, or both.

SEC. 4814. If any person shall sell or offer to sell any cattle or other domestic animal known to him to be infected with bovine tuberculosis or any contagious disease, or any disease dangerous to the public health, or shall sell or offer to sell any part or parts of such cattle or other domestic animal, he shall be fined not more than $200, or be imprisoned not more than two years, or both.

SEC. 4815. The value of all cattle or other domestic animals killed by the written order of the Board of Agriculture shall be appraised by one of said board and a disinterested person selected by the owner of the condemned animals; but if these two can not agree upon the amount of the appraised value of the animal, they shall select a third disinterested person, who, together with them, shall appraise the animal, such appraisal to be made just before killing, and on a basis of health. The limit of the appraisal of cattle shall be $40. A postmortem examination shall be made, and if the animal be found affected with bovine tuberculosis or any disease dangerous to the public health, the owner of the animal shall receive one-half the appraised value; but if no bovine tuberculosis or disease dangerous to the public health be found, the owner of the animal shall receive the full amount of the appraisal, and in addition shall receive the slaughtered animal. The amount which the owner is entitled to receive shall be paid by the State to the owner of such animal or animals upon a written order, signed by the member of the board in charge and countersigned by the secretary of said board. No indemnity shall be paid to the owner of condemned cattle or other domestic animals that have not been owned and kept in the State for at least six months previous to the discovery of the disease. Any person who shall knowingly violate or refuse to comply with any regulations made by such Board of Agriculture under the authority and provisions of this section shall be fined not more than $200, or imprisoned not more than two years, or both.

SEC. 4816. All expenses incurred by the board under the provisions of the three preceding sections shall be allowed by the State Auditor, upon the approval of the Governor, and paid by the State.

SEC. 4817. Whenever the board shall make and publish regulations concerning the extirpation, cure, or treatment of domestic animals infected with, or which have been exposed to, any contagious disease, such regulations shall supersede the regulations made by the selectmen of the several towns, or the board of aldermen of the several cities, upon the same subject: and the operation of such regulations made by said authorities shall be suspended during the time those made by the board as aforesaid are in force.

SEC. 4818. The board shall keep a record of its doings and report the same to the Governor prior to the fifteenth day of September, annually, unless sooner required. SEC. 4819. All orders, appointments, and notices from the board shall be signed by a majority of the same.

SEC. 4820. [As amended by act of November 7, 1896.] Every prosecution for a violation of any of the provisions of this chapter shall be commenced within six months from the commission thereof.

Below are copied the regulations issued by the Board of Agriculture; also some quotations from the report of Mr. C. J. Bell, Secretary of the Board of Agriculture for the year ended July 1, 1900:

REGULATIONS.

INSPECTION.

I. Owners of cattle in the State may have their herds tested with tuberculin at State expense by applying to the board. Owners of herds, tested by the State, will not be allowed to admit cattle into their herds unless such cattle have been tested or have come from herds tested by the State.

II. All cattle that are judged tuberculous on tests made by the State must be killed and the bodies buried or burned. Owners of herds are required to bear the expense of killing and disposing of the bodies. The hides of the cattle killed will be at the disposal of the owners.

III. Applications for tests will be complied with as far as practicable in the order received. Exceptions to this rule are sometimes made for the purpose of testing herds suspected of being tuberculous and for completing tests in a given locality.

IV. Applications to test a portion of a herd only will always be refused.

V. The board claims the right to retest herds in which disease is found whenever they think best. A second test will not be made in herds where no disease or suspicious cases are found on the first test.

VI. No indemnity will be allowed for cattle killed by their owners and found diseased where no inspection has been made by the board.

VII. Persons having herds tested, from which diseased animals are killed, will be required to observe the rules and directions of the board in disinfecting their premises.

DISINFECTION OF STABLES.

Things required.-Brooms, pails, hoe, barrel, spray pumps, and a half pound of the following mixture for each five stalls: Corrosive sublimate, ammonium chloride, equal parts, well mixed.

Directions.-Remove all live stock, and after sprinkling to lay the dust sweep all dust and dirt from mangers, walls, and floor, scraping loose gummy material clinging to mangers and stanchions with hoe. Mix well one package of disinfecting powder and thirty gallons of water; then dip out in pail and with broom scrub mangers and stanchions; then with spray pump thoroughly drench ceiling, side walls, floor, etc., using at least a barrel of solution to each five stalls.

Caution. This solution is poison, so do not leave pools of it in mangers.

QUARANTINE.

I. Under the quarantine regulations now in force, no cattle are allowed to enter Vermont from any source, to be held in the State, without a permit from the board. Any common carrier who leaves an animal in the State without being accompanied by such permit, or any person who brings an animal into the State without such permit, is liable to a fine not exceeding $200.

II. Permits will be issued to persons to bring cattle into the State after such cattle have passed an examination with tuberculin that is satisfactory to the board. Such cattle will be held in quarantine at some place designated by the board until identified and released.

Permits will also be given to persons to bring cattle into the State, and the same shall be held at such place as is designated by the board under quarantine restrictions until tested with tuberculin by some person approved by the board and judged to be free from tuberculosis.

III. All expenses incurred in identifying, releasing, and testing cattle under the preceding rule must be paid by the owner of the cattle.

IV. Applications for permits to bring cattle into the State should be made to the secretary of the board.

Adopted December 16, 1898.

EAST HARDWICK, VT., January 2, 1899.

THE SECRETARY'S REPORT.

C. J. BELL, Secretary.

It has seemed hard to some buyers of cattle, and especially to farmers living on the borders of the State, to be obliged to comply with these regulations.

To show the necessity of this I will state only one case. A man from another State, knowing our rules, led a suspicious cow to the State line in the night, a Vermont party being there to purchase. This cow, in three months, changed owners four or five times, but fortunately was kept by herself with the exception of a few days, when she was in one herd, where, upon a test three months later, four were killed that no doubt contracted the disease while this cow was in the stable, and the injury done cost the State over $50.

The commission have realized the necessity of a strict quarantine, and have required a permit to enter cattle into the State, and upon arrival, unless a satisfactory test previously made, the cattle to be tested by a veterinary acceptable to the commission before the animals were released from quarantine.

Some who have thought best to disregard this rule and have brought in one or more head without either the permit or test have been looked up by the commission and asked to pay a small fine, which has been turned over to the State treasury. This the commission have done, believing it to be the best way for some individuals to remember the laws of the State. All cases coming to our knowledge have been looked after and our rules enforced. By this method many head of cattle that would have done injury to our herds have been kept out.

All the New England States except Connecticut have quarantine regulations; some as strict, but none more so than Vermont.

Several of the Middle and Western States have within the year made and are enforcing strict quarantine regulations of cattle brought to them from New England and New York.

Several complaints have come to the commission from the selectmen of a town, director of a creamery, or from some individuals, when we have felt it our duty to look into the matter, and the commission have in all cases prevailed upon the owner to have the questionable herd tested, and in nearly all cases found the disease, sometimes to an alarming extent.

The commission arranged with the owner of one large herd to have the tuberculin test applied. The owner, perhaps knowing the disease to be there to a considerable extent, although working in every way to rid his herd of the disease, except to have the tuberculin test used, had in the past four years labored in vain, for seventy-eight of the ninety-two head were slaughtered and found diseased. Upon a retest six more were taken, leaving only eight of the herd.

These cattle were kept in a light and well-ventilated stable, and with but a very few exceptions to the inexperienced eye would be considered healthy. They were in fine condition, many of them good beef, yet, upon slaughtering, four-fifths of them were diseased all through.

The commission were informed after the slaughter that the owner had in the past four years quietly buried nearly as many as were killed, in order to keep his herd looking healthy.

Another herd, into which many cattle were imported from time to time, the commission persuaded the owner to have tested. This herd numbered considerably over one hundred head. Among the young cattle we found only one to condemn. The cows were nearly three-fourths diseased. The commission arranged with the owners to quarantine the herd and sell the product out of the State-to the same parties to whom it had been sold for several years-killing many of the most pronounced cases. Some have been slaughtered on a second visit, and the work will be continued until all the diseased ones are stamped out, which will be before many months.

Meanwhile these cows are on a farm by themselves away from all healthy cattle. This arrangement was made by the commission upon condition that the State pay no indemnity for slaughtered cattle.

Many instances could be cited where the cattle owner thought to do better than to use the tuberculin test, but in every case, sooner or later, the fates are against him, and in some quiet spot on the farm the graves can be counted in numbers which shows the herd did not increase even by raising all the calves. The income of the average farmer will not long allow him to continue the business of dairying unless he avails himself of the privileges the State offers him.

The per cent of diseased cattle is greater this year than former years. This is occasioned by testing only where there was a suspicion of disease and more particularly mentioned herds.

The tuberculin test may be relied upon only in experienced hands. Some badly diseased animals will not show a reaction by the injection of so small an amount of tuberculin, but the experienced eye will almost always detect other symptoms after the injection.

The commission require the veterinarians that are employed by the State to inform them of any private tests made that the sale of diseased cattle may be hindered.

Where a test of this kind had been made, eighteen head showed a reaction. The owners were called upon by the commission who offered to take them and slaughter in behalf of the State, but were declined, the owners themselves preferring to dispose of them. After several weeks of delay the cattle were driven to an adjoining town, said to have been sold and were going out of the State. The commission quarantined them and slaughtered without paying any indemnity. Permits to bring cattle in to pasture without a test and usually without examination have been given to parties in New York, New Hampshire, and on the borders of Massachusetts. But cows coming from the market in Massachusetts for pasture, a test has been required this year, for last season upon test of one carload twelve were returned. Two cows that were slaughtered out of one herd last January were found to have been purchased of a Massachusetts man who had cattle here to pasture last season. The commission did not find the man, but a

relative was found in Vermont who saw fit to pay one-half the appraised value of the cows, which was paid over to the owner of the herd.

More than one thousand head came in to pasture and will be returned at the close of the pasture season. Permits other than pasture permits have been issued for nearly seventeen hundred head to come into the State. All these have been tested except young calves, and these were required to come, as much as possible, from healthy herds.

In the opinion of the commission Vermont is gaining in reputation as a State for healthy cattle, and in many of the towns where all the cattle have been raised tuberculosis does not exist, unless brought in by the purchase of some improved stock.

Some of the larger towns and cities would do well to require of the milkmen that their herds be tested, for there are some localities in Vermont where there is reason to believe tuberculosis exists to some extent. There are some towns that could be named where cattle buyers cease to go to purchase cattle after the first visit.

The belief of some that no disease exists among cattle and by others who possibly may have suspicion, but do not wish to know the fact, aids very much in keeping cattle in circulation in different parts of the State, and does not lessen the distribution of the germs of disease.

VIRGINIA.

Virginia has a law for the control of infectious and contagious diseases of live stock, the fourteenth section of which specifies that "tuberculosis shall be classed as a highly contagious and infectious disease." The duty of administering this law is placed with the Board of Control of the Agricultural and Mechanical College, who are "authorized and empowered to establish, maintain, and enforce such quarantine lines and sanitary rules and regulations as they may deemnecessary." This board may also cooperate with like officers of other States and the Bureau of Animal Industry in the work against such diseases.

The veterinarian of the Experiment Station, by direction of the board, makes careful examination of animals believed to be affected with any contagious or infectious disease; and, if found to exist, the board establishes such quarantine lines as may be necessary to prevent the spread of any such disease, and to prescribe proper rules and regulations. When this is done, the facts are reported to the Governor, who issues a proclamation making permanent the temporary quarantine and the rules and regulations adopted.

Whenever in the opinion of the board an infectious or contagious disease exists among the live stock of other States or Territories, they shall report the fact to the Governor, who issues a proclamation prohibiting the importation of live stock of the kind diseased into the State, unless accompanied by a certificate of health

Transportation companies shall not knowingly violate any of the provisions of the act or of the rules and regulations.

It is made the duty of owners or agents to report to the county board of supervisors any animals which they may discover or have