Vocational Education in Europe: Report to the Commercial Club of Chicago, 2권Commercial club of Chicago, 1912 |
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agricultural apparatus apprentices apprenticeship arithmetic art-trades schools artistic associations attendance Austria Baden Bavaria Berlin bookkeeping boys Brandenburg building trades Building-Trades School Bureau cabinet-makers cent cities CLASS Mathematics classes commercial schools compulsory course of study division Domestic Science Düsseldorf educational institutions efficient elementary school employed employers engineering examination factory Freehand drawing German Empire Germany given grades Graubünden guilds handicrafts Handicrafts School handicraftsmen handwork Hannover Hesse-Nassau Industrial Arts industrial continuation schools industrial education industrial schools industrial teachers interest Karlsruhe Kerschensteiner labor Leipsic masters materials mechanical ment models Munich Nidwalden Number of Hours number of pupils Obli organization practical preparation preparatory production Prussia Realschule Rhineland Royal School Saxony School for Girls School of Domestic School of Industrial school system Silesia Stenography Subjects of Instruction teaching Technical drawing textile theory tinuation schools Total Trade School Vienna vocational schools vocational teachers West Prussia women workers workshop Württemberg
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336 페이지 - There is no extravagance more prejudicial to the growth of national wealth than that wasteful negligence which allows genius that happens to be born of lowly parentage to expend itself in lowly work.
62 페이지 - ... purely private contract. At the same time the Government was not ready to introduce a system for the official examination and regulation of apprentices. The law therefore defined anew the duties and rights of guilds and assigned to them the care of the interests of their trades, the regulation of apprenticeship, and the establishment and maintenance of relief funds for their members.
256 페이지 - ... 1. Algebra, with sums, differences, products, quotients, whole numbers, roots, powers with real exponents and logarithms. The qualities of fixed numbers, fractions, decimal and continued fractions. Extraction of square and cubic roots in figures and letters, practical use of logarithms. 2. Algebra, equations of the first and second degree, with one or more unknown quantities, proportions, and the higher numerical equations. 3. Arithmetical and geometrical progression, calculation of interest,...
28 페이지 - If by means of training you can transfer unskilled labor into the scarcer and more needed work of management, you provide a demand for the army of unemployed, and increase the productive power of the community. Upon the distribution of labor power upward from the unskilled and overcrowded occupations toward and into remunerative occupations depends more than anything else the expansion of our industries. It takes no miracle to see it; it requires only education.
236 페이지 - This must be supplemented by practical application of the theory in the industries themselves, which no school training can replace. Finally, the training in methods of instruction can be successfully pursued only when a candidate is both trained in theory and has had experience in the industry itself. To sum up, the entire training consists of three stages: Theoretical instruction in the training school, practical experience in the industry, and probationary teaching. The Government permits the...
61 페이지 - ... large scale, been more bitterly fought. The attempt to preserve the handicraftsman and the small trades is one of the features of labor legislation in Germany during recent years. It has had as its result the formulation of two distinct industrial systems — the handicraft and the factory — and the enactment of labor codes for each. The legislation regarding the factory trades follows in all essential particulars that of other...
30 페이지 - For now the day is unto them that know, And not henceforth she stumbles on the prize; And yonder march the nations full of eyes. Already is doom a-spinning, if unstirred In leisure of ancient pathways she lose touch Of the hour, and overmuch Recline upon achievement, and be slow To take the world arriving, and forget How perilous are the stature and port that so Invite the arrows, how unslumbering all The hates that watch and crawl.
241 페이지 - ... and metal work. As soon as applications have been received, we decide whether the candidates are to be admitted to the examination. The examination includes the execution of a piece of practical work, the drawing of the plans of that work, an estimate of the expense entailed, and a written description of the steps involved. If the examination is passed, the candidates must next practice for six months, without pay, in the workshops for instruction provided for that purpose. In the second half...
29 페이지 - In no country will you find the problem taken up In so thoroughgoing a manner: in no country will you find an attempt made to cover, by means of Industrial schools, the occupations of everyone, from the lowly laborer to the director of the great manufacturing establishment. As has been stated: " The State provides industrial training for every person who will be better off with it than without It. No occupation is too humble to receive the attention of the German authorities; and the opinion prevails...
63 페이지 - ... of Great Britain was established. As in 1845, however, almost immediately upon the enactment of the code, a reaction set in, and a movement for the modification of its provisions making the right to be an employer, a journeyman, or an apprentice dependent upon certain conditions was started, which, continuing to the present day, has radically modified the system of the legal regulation of labor and industry in the country. The reason for this dissatisfaction with the legislation of 1869 is found...