Political Science Association, a member of the Board of Directors of the Association of Asian Studies, and a member of the Editorial Board of the Council on Foreign Relations' journal, Foreign Affairs.

Barnett has written and edited more than a dozen books, as well as numerous articles which have appeared in a wide range of both scholarly journals and magazines. Among the books that he has written are: Cadres, Bureaucracy, and Political Power in Communist China, Communist China and Asia: Challenge to American Policy, China on the Eve of Communist Takeover, Communist China, The Early Years, 1949-55, China After Mao, Communist China in Perspective, A New U.S. Policy Toward China, and Uncertain Passage: China's Transition to the Post-Mao Era.

Personal:

ALEXANDER ECKSTEIN

Date of birth: December 9, 1915.

Place of birth: Novisad, Yugoslavia.

Marital status: Married, one son, 23 years of age.

Institutions of higher education attended and degrees obtained :

Ph.D. University of California, 1952.

M.S. University of California, 1941.
B.S. University of California, 1939.

Academic background:

Professor of Economics, The University of Michigan, 1961—.

Rockefeller Visiting Research Professor, 1974-75, The Brookings Institution. Honorary Research Associate in the Department of Economics, Harvard University, 1969-70.

Professor of Economics and Director, Center for Chinese Studies, The University of Michigan, 1967-69.

Xerox Professor of International Economics, University of Rochester, 1959-61.

Lecturer and Research Associate, Harvard University, 1956-59.

Research Associate, Russian Research Center, Harvard University, 1953-56. Teaching Fellow in Economic Statistics, University of California, 1941-42. Other professional background:

Consultant, U.S. Department of State, 1962—.

Senior Economist, U.S. Department of State, 1951-53.

Consultant, Economic Affairs, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, 1950-51.

Area Research Fellow, Social Science Research Council, 1949–50.

Professional and honorary society memberships:

The American Economic Association.

The Association for Asian Studies.

The Association for Comparative Economics.
The Council on Foreign Relations.
The Economic History Association.
The Economic History Society.
National professional activities:
Association for Asian Studies:
Director, 1961/62-1963/64.

Program Chairman, 1964 Meetings.

Member of Executive Group, Committee on American Library Resources on the Far East, 1963-64.

Editorial Board, World Politics.

Editorial Board, The China Quarterly.

Committee on Scholarly Communication with the People's Republic of China, sponsored by the NAS, SSRC and ACLS, 1966 to present.

Visiting Committee, The Brookings Institution, Foreign Policy Studies Program.

Harvard University Visiting Committee on East Asian Civilizations, 1968-.
Social Science Research Council:

Joint SSRC-ACLS Committee for the Study of Contemporary China,
Member, 1959-66.

SSRC Committee on the Economy of China, 1961-69.

Association for the Study of Soviet-type Economies:

Member of the Executive Committee, 1963–65.

National professional activities-Continued

International Committee for Chinese Studies, Member, 1963–64.

Association for Comparative Economic Studies (ACES), President, 1974.

National public affairs activities:

Chairman, Board of Directors, National Committee on U.S.-China Relations, 1970-72.

Vice-Chairman, Board of Directors, National Committee on U.S.-China Relations, 1968-69.

Board Member and member of the Executive Committee, National Committee on U.S.-China Relations, 1966 to present.

Member, State Department Advisory Panel on China, 1966–68. Fellowships and research grants:

Research Grant for a Study of "China's Development Experience", National Science Foundation, 1973–75.

Rockefeller Foundation Resident Scholar, Villa Serbelloni, Bellagio, Summer 1971.

Research Grant for Study of Competition for Resources between Economic Development and Defense Requirement in Communist China, Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, Washington, D.C., 1966–68.

Research Grant for the Study of Mainland China's Industrialization since 1911, Social Science Research Council, 1963-64, 1966–67.

Research Grants for Studies of Economic Fluctuations in Centrally Planned Economies, National Science Foundation & Rockefeller Foundation, 1960-62.

Research Grant for Comparative Studies of Economic Development in India and China, American Council of Learned Societies, 1959–60.

Inter-University Fellowship for Advanced Field Training in Chinese, 1958-59. Pre-doctoral Fellowship, Social Science Research Council, 1949–50.

Current research:

1. Working on a study of the economic development of Manchuria between 1860 and 1960.

2. Working on a book on the Chinese economy in the nature of an analytical survey to be published by Cambridge University Press.

Publications:

I. Books authored by:

The National Income of Communist China, The Free Press of Glencoe,
New York, 1962.

Communist China's Economic Development and Foreign Trade, McGraw-
Hill for the Council on Foreign Relations, New York, 1966.

China's Economic Development: The Interplay of Scarcity and Ideology,
The University of Michigan Press, 1975.

Chinese Economic Development Since 1949, Cambridge University Press,
forthcoming.

II. Books co-authored :

Prospects for Communist China, W. W. Rostow in collaboration with
W. W. Hatch, J. R. Kierman and Alexander Eckstein, Wiley & Sons,
New York, 1954.

Moscow-Peking Axis, by Boorman, Eckstein, Mosely and Schwartz,
Harper and Brothers, New York, 1957.

III. Books edited by:

Comparison of Economic Systems: Theoretical and Methodological Approaches, University of California Press, 1971.

China Trade Prospects and U.S. Policy, Praeger Publishers, 1971. IV. Co-edited by:

Economic Trends in Communist China, edited by A. Eckstein, W. Galenson and T. C. Liu, Aldine Press, Chicago, 1968.

V. Articles:

"Collective Bargaining in German Agriculture Under the Weimar Republic," Journal of Farm Economics, May 1943.

"Land Reform and the Transformation of Agriculture in Hungary," Journal of Farm Economics, August 1949.

"Agricultural Output and Investment in Postwar Europe," Journal of Farm Economics, November 1951.

"Postwar Planning in Hungary," Economic Development and Cultural Change, July 1954.

"National Income and Capital Formation in Hungary, 1900-1950," Income and Wealth, Series V, Cambridge, England, 1955.

Publications-Continued

V. Articles-Continued

"Conditions and Prospects for Economic Growth in Communist China," World Politics, Part 1, October 1954; Part II, February 1955; Part III, April 1955.

"The Background of Soviet Economic Performance," lecture delivered at the Fletcher School of Tufts in 1955 and reprinted in The Soviet Economy, A Book of Readings, edited by Morris Bornstein and Daniel Fusfeld, R. D. Irwin, Homewood, Illinois, 1962.

"Land Reform and Economic Development," World Politics, July 1955. "Asia's Economic Development: Three Models," Foreign Policy Report, February 1956.

"Capital and Output in the Soviet Union, 1928-1937," with P. Gutman, Review of Economics and Statistics, November 1956.

"Current Economic Trends in Communist China," World Economic Growth and Competition, 84th Congress, 2nd Session, 1956.

"Conditions and Prospects for Economic Growth in Mainland China: Some Comments," Keizai Kenkyu (The Economic Review), Tokyo, July 1957.

"Individualism and the Role of the State in Economic Growth," Economic Development and; Cultural Change, January 1958; reprinted in Comparative Economic Systems, Models and Cases, edited by Morris Bornstein, E. D. Irwin, Homewood, Illinois, 1958.

"Communist China's National Product in 1952," Review of Economics and Statistics, May 1958.

"Comparative Patterns of Economic Planning," Industry in Free China, July 1959.

"Manpower and Industrialization in Communist China, 1952-1957," Population Trends in Eastern Europe, the USSR and Mainland China, Milbank Memorial Fund, New York, 1960.

"The Cultural and Political Setting of Economic Rationality in Western and Eastern Europe," comment on a paper by Reinhard Bendix in Value and Plan, edited by Gregory Grossman, University of California Press, 1960.

"Economic Change in Early Modern China: An Analytic Framework,"
(co-author), Economic Development and Cultural Change, October
1960.

"Industrialization and the Declining Share of the International Economic
Sector, 1890-1957," (co-author), World Politics, January 1961.
"The Strategy of Economic Development in Communist China," Ameri-
can Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings, May 1961.
"A Study in Economic Strategy," Survey (London), No. 36, October 1961.
"Is There a Descending Spiral in China?," The China Quarterly, October-
December 1962.

"On the Economic Crisis in Communist China," Foreign Affairs, July
1964.

"Sino-Soviet Economic Relations: A Reappraisal," The Economic Devel-
opment of China and Japan, edited by C. D. Cowan, Allen and Unwin,
1964.
"Economic Planning Organization and Control in Communist China,"
Current Scene, Vol. IV, No. 21, November 1966.

"Arms Control and the Vulnerability of Communist China's Economy
to External Pressures and Inducements," Disarmament and World
Economic Interdependence, edited by Emile Benoit, Oslo, 1967.
"The Economic Heritage," Economic Trends in Communist China, edited
by A. Eckstein, W. Galenson, and T. C. Liu, Aldine Press, Chicago,
1968.
"Economic Fluctuations in Communist China's Domestic Development,"
Communist China's Heritage and Political System, edited by P. T.
Ho and Tang Tsou, University of Chicago Press, 1968.
"Economic Development and Poltical Change in Communist Systems,"
World politics, Vol. XXII, No. 4, July 1970.

"Economic Development Prospects and Problems in China." The Annals
of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, July 1972.
"Economic Growth and Change in China: A Twenty Year Perspective,"
The China Quarterly, No. 54, Spring 1973.

"The Economic Development of Manchuria: The Rise of a Frontier Economy," (co-author), The Journal of Economic History, Vol. XXXIV, No. 1, March 1974.

Publications-Continued

V. Articles-Continued

"Sino-American Trade Prospects and Policy," (co-author), The American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings, Vol. LXIV, No. 2, May 1974.

"Sino-American Trade and U.S.-China Relations," Foreign Affairs, October 1975.

VI. Directories:

Who's Who.

American Men of Science.

HON. PHILIP CHARLES HABIB

Philip C. Habib of California was sworn in as Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs on September 27, 1974. Mr. Habib, a career Foreign Service Officer, had served as Ambassador to Korea prior to his appointment as Assistant Secretary of State.

Mr. Habib was born on February 25, 1920, in Brooklyn, New York, and graduated in 1942 from the University of Idaho. In 1952 he received a Ph. D. degree from the University of California.

Mr. Habib served in the U.S. Army during World War II. He became a training research assistant at the University of California in 1947. He was appointed as a Foreign Service Officer in 1949 and assigned to the American Embassy at Ottawa as an Economic Officer. He served at the Embassy in Wellington, N.Z., from 1951 through 1954, and in the Department from 1955-57. He subsequently served as Political Officer at Port of Spain, and in 1960-61 served as Officer-inCharge for Under-Developed Areas in the Office of the Under Secretary's Special Assistant for Communist Economic Affairs.

From 1962-65 he was Counselor for Political Affairs in Seoul. He was assigned to Saigon from 1965 to 1967, where he served as Political Officer with the personal rank of Minister. He was Deputy Assistant Secretary for East Asian and Pacific Affairs from 1967 to 1969, and from 1968 to 1971 was Senior Advisor to the United States Delegation at the Paris meetings on Viet-Nam.

Mr. Habib is married to the former Marjorie W. Slightam. They have two daughters, Phyllis and Susan.

HARRY HARDING, JR.

Born: Boston, Massachusetts, December 21, 1946.

Marital status: Married.

Address: Department of Political Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California.

Education: A.B. (summa cum laude), Princeton, 1967, in public and international affairs, M.A., Stanford, 1969, in political science; and Ph. D., Stanford 1974, in political science (Dissertation title: The Organizational Issue in Chinese Politics, 1959–72).

Positions: Instructor, Department of Political Science, Swarthmore College, 1970-71; Acting Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Stanford University, 1971-73; and Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Stanford University, 1973-.

Honors and fellowships: Phi Beta Kappa, 1967; Woodrow Wilson Fellow, 1967-68; National Defense Education Act (NDEA) Fellow, 1968-69; Language maintenance grant for the 1973-74 academic year, awarded by the Center for International Studies, Stanford University, for use at the Inter-University Program in Taipei; Research grant for the 1973-74 academic year, awarded by the Joint Committee on Contemporary China of the ACLS and the SSRC. Topic: "A political model of the developmental cycle in contemporary China: a comparison of the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution." Research conducted in Taiwan and Hong Kong. Walter J. Gores Award for Excellence in Teaching, Stanford University, June 1975.

Publications: Maoist Theories of Policy-Making and Organization: Lessons from the Cultural Revolution, R-487-PR (Santa Monica: The Rand Corporation, September 1969). Reprinted in Thomas W. Robinson (ed.), The Cultural Revolution in China (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971). "Modernization and Mao: The Logic of the Cultural Revolution and the 1970s," P-4442 (Santa Monica The Rand Corporation, August 1970). The Purge of Lo Jui-ch'ing: The Politics of Chinese Strategic Planning, R-548-PR (Santa Monica: The Rand Corporation, February 1971). Co-authored with Melvin Gurtov. "China: Toward Revolutionary Pragmatism," Asian Survey, XI:1 (January 1971), pp. 51-67.

"China: The Fragmentation of Power," Asian Survey, XII:1 (January 1972), pp. 1-15. "The Formulation of Military Policy in China; Controversies over Military Roles," in William W. Whitson (ed.), The Military and Political Power in China in the 1970s (New York: Praeger, 1972), "Political Trends in China Since the Cultural Revolutfon," The Annals, vol. 402 (July 1972), pp. 67-82. "The Evolution of Military Policy in China," in Frank B. Horton III, Anthony C. Rogerson, & Edward L. Warner III (eds.), Comparative Defense Policy (Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1974). China: The Uncertain Future, Headline Series No. 223 (New York: Foreign Policy Association, December 1974). Professional activities: Papers presented at the following meetings: Annual meeting of the International Studies Association (West), Portland, 1972. Annual meeting of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Philadelphia, 1972. Annual meeting of the Northern California Political Science Association, San Francisco, 1973. Symposium on National Leadership Succession, Mathematica Inc., Washington D.C., 1975.

Participant in the following conferences and seminars: Conference on Political Elites in Communist China, Social Science Research Council, Banff, 1970; Seminar on Modern East Asia : China, Columbia University, 1970-71; Regional Seminar in Chinese Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 1971-;

Seminar on the Modernization Process in China, Stanford University 1972–73; Study Group on Chinese Foreign Policy, Council on Foreign Relations, 1972-73; California Arms Control and Foreign Policy Seminar, Los Angeles and Stanford, 1973-74;

Seminar on Political Succession in China, Department of State, 1973;
Conference on Science in China, Johnson Foundation. Racine, 1973;

China Discussion Meeting, Brookings Institution, 1974; and Conference on East Asia, Department of State, 1975.

Other affiliations: Member, National Committee on U.S.-China Relations Consultant, The Rand Corporation.

ANNE KEATLEY

Mrs. Keatley has been CSCPRC Staff Director since 1971. She travelled in China for five weeks in May and June of 1971, on a private visit and visited China again in 1973, with an official CSCPRC delegation to discuss exchanges. On both visits she was received by China's Premier Chou En-lai. Mrs. Keatley speaks Chinese and has pursued Chinese studies.

DOUGLAS MURRAY

Douglas Murray has been Director of the U.S.-China Relations Program at Stanford University since early 1975. Previously he was Program Director and then Vice President of the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations, on whose Board he now serves as Vice-chairman. He received B.A. and M.A. degrees from Yale and, after several years as a teacher in Hong Kong with the Yale-inChina Association and service with The Asia Foundation as Representative in Singapore, received a Ph.D. in International Development Education from Stanford University. He has published several articles dealing with Chinese education in Southeast Asia and U.S.-China cultural relations, and visited the People's Republic of China on two occasions.

HON. CHRISTOPHER H. PHILLIPS

Ambassador Christopher H. Phillips resigned his post as Deputy Representative of the United States to the United Nations upon his election as President of the National Council for United States-China Trade on May 31, 1973.

Prior to his appointment as Deputy United States Representative to the United Nations he had served as Deputy United States Representative on the Security Council from 1969 to 1970.

Mr. Phillips has had a long career of public service. He served three terms in the Massachusetts State Senate, from 1948 to 1953. He was subsequently appointed Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for United Nations Affairs, and in 1958 became United States Representative on the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations.