river craft under way, and showing the white light, shall dip said light repeatedly on the approach of any vessel or steamer in sufficient time to prevent a collision.

3.-All steam tugs and steam barges, and also sca-going vessels (except such as may be moored or at anchor at or opposite to Carrick-on-Suir Quay) shall carry and exhibit, between sunset and sunrise, within the limits above described, the lights required by the "Regulations for preventing Collisions at Sea."

4.-(Imposes a penalty not exceeding 57. for any breach of the above rules.)

TEES.

Bye-laws made by the Tees Conservancy Commissioners, 2nd May, 1887, in pursuance of the Tees Conservancy Acts, and approved by the Board of Trade, 25th June, 1887.

Preliminary.

1. "The river" means the parts of the River Tees within the jurisdiction of the Commissioners. "Vessel" means any ship, lighter, keel, barge, boat, raft, or craft, or any other kind of vessel whatever, whether navigated by steam or otherwise. "Steam vessel" or "steamer " mears any vessel propelled by steam. "Sea-going vessel " means any vessel which has been, is, or is intended to be used for sea voyages. "Ballast lighter" means any barge, boat, or other vessel used for receiving or conveying ballast or rubbish. "Boat" means any keel, wherry, or other open boat, not exceeding fifty feet in length. "Tide time" means the period commencing two hours prior to and ending one hour after the time of high-water.

3. The master of every vessel and the owner thereof shall severally be responsible for the due performance and

observance as regards such vessel of such of the following Bye-laws as shall apply to such vessel, and when any vessel shall be under the direction of any pilot, such pilot shall also be responsible for such performance and observance.

4.-Every person, including those mentioned in the last preceding clause, who shall make default or breach in the performance or observance of, or offend against, or contravene any of the following Bye-laws, shall for every such default, breach, or offence, forfeit and pay to the Commissioners a sum not exceeding 57.; but where by statute any other penalty is imposed for such or the like default, breach, or offence, such other penalty shall be substituted for the said 57., and it is expressly declared that the imposition and payment of any penalty shall not affect the liability of any person or vessel to answer in damages for any injury to any property or person arising from such default, breach, or offence as aforesaid.

Moorings.

5.-Every vessel in the port shall be properly moored under the direction of the harbour master, whether at public or private moorings. If such vessel shall moor with its own anchor, care shall be taken that there shall be at all times a proper buoy and buoy-rope to the anchor.

6. Every vessel, whether moored or at anchor, shall have its sails furled, standing and flying jibboom and mizenboom rigged close in, and all booms and boom-irons taken off the yards. Bumpkins and boats' davits shall be swung in or unshipped. The topsails and lower yards shall be peaked or braced sharp up, and the vessel otherwise dismantled, as may be directed by the harbour master. All sea-going vessels, whether sailing or steam, must have at least one responsible person on board at all times while such vessel is moored in the harbour; but this shall not apply to the dredging and other vessels and craft of the Commissioners.

7.—The anchors of every vessel when moored in the

river shall be taken in clear of the gunwale, or hung perpendicularly from the hawse pipe, in such position as shall be least likely to cause, or tend to cause, damage or injury to such vessel or to any other vessel, or shall be dealt with partly in one mode and partly in the other, as the harbour master may direct.

9. No vessel lying at any of the staiths, spouts, drops, or wharves used for loading or discharging cargo in the river shall have the anchor in the channel.

10.-No vessel shall be placed between the tiers without first having obtained permission of the harbour master, nor shall any vessel be placed in such a situation as to obstruct or interfere with the access to any public or private landing place; but this rule shall not apply to the dredging and other vessels and craft belonging to or employed by the Commissioners.

Lights and Fog Signals.

13.-Subject to Bye-law 14, the undermentioned lights, and no other light, shall be carried and displayed upon every steam vessel while steaming under way during night time :

(The lights to be carried are the same as those prescribed by the Tyne Bye-law 12.)

14. (Fog signals are the same as those in use on the Tyne, see Tyne Bye-law 18.)

15. If any steam vessel is being towed, or is under sail, and not under steam, such vessel, while being so towed or under sail, shall be considered as being a sailing vessel, and shall carry only the two side lights ordered to be carried by sailing vessels.

16.-Steam vessels when towing, shall carry two bright white mast-head lights vertically, in addition to their side lights, each of which mast-head lights shall be of the same construction and character as the mast-head light named in Clause 13.

Sailing vessels under way or being towed, shall carry the same lights as steamers under way, with the exception of the white mast-head lights, which shall not be carried.

17. A bright white light shall be shown from the stern of every vessel which is being overtaken by another vessel during night time.

18. Upon every vessel when at anchor, and upon every vessel being the outside vessel of a tier of vessels moored, there shall, during the night time, be exhibited, where it can best be seen, but at a height not exceeding 20 feet from the upper deck, a bright white light in a globular lantern, of eight inches in diameter, so as to show a uniform and unbroken light all round the horizon, of such a character as to be visible on a dark night, with a clear atmosphere, at a distance of at least one mile.

19.-Open fishing boats, keels, wherries, lighters, barges, and other open cargo boats, and rafts of timber shall not be required to carry the side lights required for other vessels, but shall, if they do not carry such lights, carry a lantern having a green slide on the one side, and a red slide on the other side; and on the approach of or to other vessels such lantern shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision, so that the green light shall not be seen on the port side, nor the red light on the starboard side; and when at anchor shall exhibit a bright white light. Provided that when two or more keels, wherries, or other boats are being towed in line, there shall be exhibited from the stern of the last a bright white light.

Bye-laws for Regulating the Navigation and Conduct of Steam and other Vessels.

20.-The master of every vessel being within the limits of the jurisdiction of the Commissioners shall regulate such vessel according to the directions of the harbour master appointed by the Commissioners; and any master of a vessel who after notice of any such direction by the harbour master shall not forthwith regulate such vessel

according to such direction, shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding 201.

21.-Every vessel navigating the river shall keep the starboard side, so that the port-helm may always be applied to clear vessels proceeding in the opposite direction.

22.-Every steam vessel when approaching another vessel on an opposite course or from an opposite direction. shall, before approaching within 100 yards, slacken her speed, and keep as near as possible to the starboard side of the river, so as to afford the greatest facility for passing the approaching vessel.

Bye-laws 21 and 22 are to be obeyed even when vessels are approaching one another, so as to show each other their green lights, and nothing will excuse the non-observance of these Rules but extreme necessity. The Mary Lohden (1887), 6 Asp. M. C. 262.

23. Every steam or other vessel and whether being towed or towing another vessel must so approach the river from sea as to enter on that side of the channel reserved for their navigation.

See note to the Tyne Bye-law 20, post, p. 300.

24. All vessels, when under way, requiring to pass over a part of the channel which is not within that portion reserved for their navigation, for the purpose of proceeding to or from landings, moorings, or other places, must take upon themselves the responsibility of doing so in safety with reference to the passing traffic; and any vessel continuing its navigation after reaching such landing, mooring, or other place, must again procced to the side of the river specified as the proper side for its navigation, so soon as practicable, and take upon itself the responsibility of doing so in safety, with respect to the passing traffic.

See note to Tyne Bye-law 21, post, p. 300.

25.-Vessels crossing the river, and vessels turning, must take upon themselves the responsibility of doing so safely with reference to the passing traffic.

26. No steam vessel shall at any time be navigated in