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CON T E N T S.
CHAPTER I.
PAGE
1
Scantiness of the Material offered by Men like Milton to the
mere Biographer-Great Men produced in Ages of Transi-
tion-General Features of the Age in which Milton lived
-Effects of the Reformation-Retention of the Essence
of Popery-Alliance of the Church with the State
CHAPTER II.
Birth and Parentage of Milton-Notice of his Father-Early
Education and Habits of the Son-His earliest extant
Poem - Enters the University of Cambridge — His
Poems and Exercises at College-Calumnies against his
Morals at this Period-His Refutation of them-His
Reasons for declining the Clerical Profession — Notice of
Dr. Johnson's Observations thereon
7
21
CHAPTER III.
Milton's Residence at Horton-Composes the Comus –Ly-
cidas-Arcades—L'Allegro-Il Penseroso Death of his
Mother--Ambitious Aspirations— Visits Italy, and is re-
ceived with great distinction-His Address to Manso-
Remarks of Mr. Macaulay on his Latin Versification
CHAPTER IV.
Milton contemplates the Production of an Epic Poem— Visits
Galileo--Returns to England—Notice of Dr. Johnson's .
Disparaging Remarks-Milton's Justification of himself-
Publishes his Treatise of Reformation in England - Ana-
lysis of the work-Noble Invocation at the close
35
A 2
CHAPTER V.
Milton publishes his Treatises “ On Prelatical Episcopacy,"
and “ The Reason of Church Government urged against
Prelacy,” in Answer to Bishop Hall and Archbishop Usher
-Criticism on their Style-Analysis of both Treatises
57
75
CHAPTER VI.
Milton publishes his Animadversions on the Remonstrants'
Defence "— The most striking Passage from this Work-
The Episcopalian claim to the right of Ordination-Ap-
pearance of the “ Modest Confutation ”- Milton replies
in the “ Apology for Smectymnuus” — Analysis of the
Work-Defence of the Parliament-Relics of Rome in the
Anglican Church
CHAPTER VII.
Milton's Marriage—Is deserted by his Wife— Publishes his
Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce-Effect of the exist-
ing Laws on Personal Religion—Their Bearing on Chris-
tian Liberty_Publication of the Judgment of Martin
Bucer concerning Divorce — The Tetrachordon - The
Colasterion
90
CHAPTER VIII.
State of Religious Parties in England - Persecutions by Laud
and the Courts of High Commission and Star Chamber-
Persecuting Bigotry of the Presbyterians-Meeting of the
Westminster Assembly—The Solemn League and Cove-
nant-Catastrophe of the Royal Cause-Repentance and
Return of Milton's Wife—He publishes his Treatise on
Education-Analysis of the Work
101
CHAPTER IX.
Milton publishes his “ Speech for the Liberty of Unlicensed
Printing "-Analysis of the Work-Noble Passages occur-
ring in it-Discharge of Mabbot, the Licenser, at his own
request
115
CHAPTER X.
Milton's Sonnets-Domestic Incidents--Conduct of the Pres-
byterians–Publication of the “ Tenure of Kings and Ma-
gistrates "-Eulogies on Fairfax, Vane, and Bradshaw-
Analysis of the Treatise on the “ Tenure of Kings and
Magistrates "
127
CHAPTER XI.
Observations on the Articles of Peace-Manifesto of the Pres-
bytery at Belfast-Milton composes Four Books of his
English History - Is appointed Latin Secretary under
Cromwell --Selection from his Letters of State - Perse-
cution of the Waldenses-His successful Efforts in their
behalf-His Sonnet on the Massacre in Piedmont
147
CHAPTER XII.
Publication of the Eikon Basilikė–Authorship of the Eikon
- Milton Replies in the Eikonoklastes - Publication of
the Royal Defence by Salmasius-Milton replies in his
First Defence of the People of England--Description of
the Work and of its Effects—The most striking Passages
from the Defence of the People of England
161
CHAPTER XIII.
Domestic Changes—Birth of Two Children to Milton-Death
of his Wife-Suffers the Loss of Sight-His Letter to
Leonardi Philaras, the Athenian, detailing the History of
the Disease-His Magnanimity and pious Resignation-
Sonnet on his Blindness—His Second Marriage, and Se-
cond Bereavement of his Wife and her Infant Child-
Sonnet on his deceased Wife
174
CHAPTER XIV.
Publication of the “Regii Sanguinis Clamor”—The Second
Defence of the People of England-Character of the
Puritans–Eulogy on Christina of Sweden—The First
Defence unrewarded with Money - Vindication the
Protector-Eulogy on Cromwell
182
CHAPTER XV.
Consequences of the Death of Cromwell-Milton publishes
the “ Treatise of the Civil Power in Ecclesiastical Causes."
- Analysis of the Work- Publishes the “ Considerations
touching the likeliest Means to remove Hirelings out of
the Church "-Analysis of the Work
202
CHAPTER XVI.
Effects of Political Revolutions-Fickleness of the Army-
Milton publishes his Tracts upon the Commonwealth-
Analysis of these Treatises-Restoration of Charles II.-
Milton is secreted by his Friends—Passing of the Act of
Oblivion
215
CHAPTER XVII.
Milton's Changes of Residence- His Third Marriage — His
Connexion with Ellwood-Removal to Chalfont-Com-
pletes the “ Paradise Lost”—Early History of this Poem
- Letter to Heimbach-—“ Paradise Regained “ Samson
Agonistes”
226
CHAPTER XVIII.
Milton publishes his Treatise of“ True Religion, Heresy, Schism,
Toleration,” &c.—Analysis of the Work—Minor Publica-
tions—Recent Discovery of the two Books “ On the Know-
ledge and the Service of God”—Notice of the main Doctrines
asserted in the Work-Milton's Religious Character–His
Death-Description of his Person and Habits—Conclu-
sion
238
SCANTINESS OF THE MATERIAL OFFERED BY MEN LIKE MILTON TO THE
ALERE BIOGRAPHER-GREAT MEN PRODUCED IN AGES OF TRANSITION-
GENERAL FEATURES OF THE AGE IN WHICH MILTON LIVED-EFFECTS
OF THE REFORMATION-RETENTION OF THE ESSENCE OF POPERY-
ALLIANCE OF THE CHURCH WITH THE STATE.
It is a condition, at which it is futile to repine, belonging
to those who in all ages have been born to guide a country
amidst the stormy vicissitudes of a revolution, that they can be
but little known as individuals to succeeding generations.
Such men can scarcely be said to have, during their active
years, a personal and private life. Scarcely any of those
who are either desirous or capable of transmitting to pos-
terity the portraiture of the Man, have close and frequent
access to the leaders, whether military or civil, of national
transition. And as little, too, have those heroes such close
and leisurely access to themselves, as admits of their giving to
mankind that most valuable of biographies which can be best,
if not solely, recorded by the individual, and which would
exhibit the development of those inner principles which,
ultimately embodied in their public acts, have influenced or
decided the destinies of their country. The biography of
such men is, for the most part, little else than a fragment
of the history of their times.
To those who can appreciate the loftiest intellectual
powers, sustained by vast learning, and enriched with the
B