The provincial treasurer and the district auditor inspect the accounts of the municipal treasurer. 134. Community Welfare. The best place for the advancement of community welfare is in the municipality. Most citizens have little opportunity to take part actively in the provincial and central governments; but in the municipality, they can observe everything that happens. All the activities which we described in the chapter on Community Welfare and most of the functions of government can be performed in the municipality. Recreation, civic beauty, education, health, charities, protection of life and property, law and justice, development of agriculture and natural resources, commerce, communications, and finance, these are some of the subjects for municipal consideration. Proper agencies such as the municipal council, the municipal president, the principal of the school, the president of the sanitary division, and local associations, exist or can be organized in every municipality of the Islands. 135. Municipal Districts.-Municipal districts are established in localities where the inhabitants are not far enough advanced in civilization, or where they are so scattered or so few in number that they cannot well be organized into a municipality. The municipal districts. have officers appointed by the provincial governor, by authority of the Secretary of the Interior, who exercise simple powers and duties for the well-being and safety of the people. Informal elections to determine the people's choice for the different offices are sometimes held in municipal districts. Test Questions 1. What were barangays? What were pueblos? What are barrios? 2. How many classes of municipalities are there? Give the number of inhabitants for each class. Name the municipalities of the first class. 3. Name the chief municipal officers. 4. Which municipal officers are elected? appointed? Which are 5. Which municipal officers receive salaries? Which do not? 6. Give the qualifications of an elective municipal officer. 7. What is the term of office of a municipal president? 8. Name the duties of the president. Who is the president of your municipality? 9. Who acts as president in case of a vacancy? What are the duties of the municipal vice-president? 10. What are the duties of councilors? II. What are the duties of lieutenants of barrios? 12. Is the municipal council an executive or a legislative body? 13. How many councilors are there in municipalities of the first class? Of the second class? Of the third class? Of the fourth class? 14. What is the term of office of councilors? 15. When do councilors hold regular meetings? Who can call special meetings? How many councilors must be present before the council can act? Are meetings of the council public or private? 16. What is the journal of the council? When must the councilors vote by ayes and noes? What vote is necessary to pass an ordinance or any proposition requiring an expendi ture of money? 17. Who is the presiding officer of the council? When can he vote? 18. Name at least ten powers of the council. 19. What duty has the council with reference to the schools? 20. What is an ordinance or resolution? 21. What power has the municipal president over ordinances and resolutions? 22. If the president vetoes an ordinance or resolution, what can the members of the council do? What happens if the president neither approves nor vetoes an ordinance or resolution? 23. What power has the provincial board over ordinances or resolutions? To whom can the council appeal if it disagrees with the provincial board? 24. What duty does the provincial fiscal have regarding ordinances and resolutions? 25. What procedure is followed by a council in enacting an ordinance or resolution? 26. Who appoints the municipal secretary? What are the secretary's duties? 27. Who appoints the municipal treasurer? Who removes him from office? 28. What are the municipal treasurer's duties? 29. What officers inspect the accounts of the municipal treasurer? 30. How can community welfare be advanced in the municipality? What agencies exist in the municipality to promote community welfare? 31. Describe municipal districts. CHAPTER XIV PROVINCES One of 136. General Description.-A province is the division of government next above the municipality. A province includes a number of municipalities. these municipalities is the provincial capital. There are in the Philippines forty-nine provinces. They are Abra, Agusan, Albay, Antique, Bataan, Batanes, Batangas, Bohol, Bukidnon, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Capiz, Cavite, Cebú, Cotabato, Davao, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Iloilo, Isabela, Laguna, Lanao, La Union, Marinduque, Masbate, Mindoro, Misamis, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Occidental Leyte, Occidental Negros, Oriental Leyte, Oriental Negros, Palawan, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Rizal, Romblon, Samar, Sorsogon, Sulu, Surigao, Tarlac, Tayabas, Zambales, and Zamboanga. Until recently these provinces were divided into three general classes regularly organized provinces, specially organized provinces, and the provinces in the Department of Mindanao and Sulu. Now all of the provinces are of the same class, although in some of them, as in the Mountain Province, the Province of Nueva Vizcaya, and the Provinces of Agusan, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Lanao, Sulu, and Zamboanga, in Mindanao and Sulu, the people do not have as much direct control as in the other provinces. Some provinces also have sub-provinces. 137. Provincial Officers.-The chief officers in a province are the provincial governor, the provincial treasurer, the provincial assessor, the provincial fiscal, and two members of the provincial board. The provincial governor and the members of the provincial board are elected. The other provincial officials are appointed. Lieutenant-governors are elected for the sub-provinces. The qualifications of an elective provincial officer are that he must be a qualified elector at the time of the election, a resident of the province at least one year prior to the election, loyal to the United States, and not less than twenty-five years of age. Other provincial officers, most of whom are under the control of the central Government, are division superintendents of schools, district auditors, district health officers, district engineers, internal revenue agents, postal inspectors, mining recorders, sheriffs, registers of deeds, clerks of court, and district land officers. We next describe the offices of the provincial governor, the provincial treasurer, the provincial assessor, the provincial fiscal, and the provincial board, as existing in most of the provinces. 138. The Provincial Governor. The provincial governor is the chief executive officer of the province. He is elected for a term of three years. In case of vacancy in the office, the Governor-General appoints some one for the unexpired term. The office of provincial governor is a most important |