to visit the schools and to suggest changes and improvements whenever they are necessary.

26. The University of the Philippines.-Opportunity for higher education is offered in the University of the Philippines, which is located at Manila, except for the Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science and

the Forest School, which are at Las Baños, Laguna. A branch of the University has been established at Cebu, and another branch has been authorized for Vigan, Ilocos Sur.

The governing body of the University is the Board of Regents. The President of the University is in direct

charge of its work. The colleges are those of Medicine and Surgery, Agriculture, Liberal Arts, Engineering, Veterinary Science, Law, and Education, the Schools of Fine Arts, Pharmacy, and Dentistry, the Forest School, the School of Nursing (in the Philippine General Hospital) and the Graduate School of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, and the Conservatory of Music. About five thousand students attend the University of the Philippines.

Agriculture, commerce, engineering, veterinary science, medicine, and teaching are especially good careers for patriotic Filipinos who desire to assist in the development of their country. It is possible for poor students who are ambitious and persevering to work in Manila and earn their living while studying at the University.

27. Private Schools.-The Government encourages private education. There are nearly five hundred private schools in which many thousands of students are enrolled. In many of these schools pupils receive religious and moral instruction.

Most of the private schools in the Islands have adopted the courses of study recommended by the Bureau of Education. Such private schools receive governmental recognition, which gives their students the right to enter public schools without examination. Private schools having government recognition are authorized to grant diplomas and to confer degrees. Private schools not recognized are not authorized to grant diplomas and to confer degrees.

Private schools are under the general supervision of the Superintendent of Private Schools.

28. Social Service. The schools in many municipalities are civic and social centers of their communities. Such schools are thus made valuable to other people as well as to the children. Every school should aim to help in community welfare work.

In the school building can properly be held meetings of literary societies, of agricultural clubs, and of musical organizations. The school building is a good place for popular lectures. A school library of carefully selected books may be established, and then the older inhabitants, as well as the pupils of the municipality, may enjoy the privilege of drawing books to read. Around the school can be gardens in which the students can work, and where the farmers of the neighborhood can learn new methods. Arbor Day should be celebrated by the planting of trees. Wherever it is possible, night schools should be held in the school building for those who work during the day.

These are only a few examples of the many ways in which the teachers can extend the work of the school, so that, in addition to the pupils receiving an education, their parents may become familiar with new ideas and methods of work.

29. School Children as Citizens.-Every child is a citizen. You are a citizen. So, you should try to be a good and useful citizen of your country.

Of course, we cannot name all the things expected of you as a citizen, but many are mentioned in this book. For instance:

PRACTICES WHAT HE LEARNS IN SCHOOL HELPS TO KEEP HIS HOUSE

AND NEIGHBORHOOD CLEAN

TAKES ACTIVE PART IN CLEAN-UP-WEEK

A good school child rises early, takes a bath daily, does not miss his breakfast, and gets to school on time.

1 Prepared by the Office of the Public Welfare Commissioner for the Bureau of Education.

A good school child washes his hands before eating, eats at regular intervals, and does not eat between meals.

A good school child studies diligently, avoids facing the light and submits to medical examination regularly.

A good school child brushes his teeth before bed time, sleeps alone with windows open, and changes his clothes before going to bed.

A good school child encourages friends and neighbors to make use of puericulture centers.

And

A good school child practices what he learns in school, helps to keep his house and neighborhood clean, and takes an active part in clean-up week.

30. Responsibility. It is possible for every person in the Philippines to obtain an education if he tries hard enough. Many of the greatest men of history were poor, but they succeeded in getting an education because they presevered. Think of Lincoln, the great American, and of Mabini, the great Filipino, and the hardships they endured to acquire knowledge. Knowledge is power.

All educated Filipinos should take an active and useful part in the work and progress of their country. Indeed, if they are not prepared to participate in the life of the country, they cannot be said to be educated.

Test Questions

1. How may one acquire an education? Name some of the useful trades or professions.

2. When was the public school system begun in the Philippines?