TABLE 6.--Synthetic organic chemicals: Summary of United States production and sales of intermediates and finished products, average 1952-56, annual 1956 and 1957--Continued [Production and sales in thousands of pounds; sales value in thousands of dollars] TABLE 6.--Synthetic organic chemicals: Summary of United States production and sales of intermediates and finished products, average 1952-56, annual 1956 and 1957--Continued [Production and sales in thousands of pounds; sales value in thousands of dollars] The following tabulation shows, by chemical groups, the number of companies that reported production in 1957 of one or more of the chemicals included in the groups listed in table 6: Cyclic Intermediates Cyclic intermediates are synthetic organic chemicals derived principally from coal-tar crudes produced by destructive distillation (pyrolysis) of coal and from petroleum and natural gas. Most cyclic intermediates are used in the manufacture of more advanced synthetic organic chemicals and finished products, such as dyes, medicinals, explosives, elastomers (synthetic rubbers), pesticides, and plastics and resin materials. Some intermediates, however, are sold as end products without further processing. For example, refined naphthalene may be used as a raw material in the manufacture of 2-naphthol or of other more advanced intermediates, or it may be packaged and sold as a moth repellent or as a deodorant. In general, the way in which the greater part of the output of a given chemical is consumed determines its use classification in this report. Table 7A' gives statistics on production and sales of cyclic intermediates in 1957. Intermediates for which individual statistics are given in the table represent more than 80 percent of the total quantity produced. Since many of the intermediates included in the statistics represent successive steps in production, the totals necessarily include considerable duplication. In 1957 about two-fifths of the total output of cyclic intermediates was sold; the rest was consumed chiefly by the producing plants in the manufacture of more advanced intermediates and finished products. Because of increased demand by a number of consuming industries (particularly the industries that produce plastics, surfaceactive agents, and rubber), the total output of cyclic intermediates in 1957 was 6, 927 million pounds, or 5.0 percent more than the previous record high of 6, 600 million pounds reported for 1956. Sales of cyclic intermediates in 1957 amounted to 2, 600 million pounds, valued at 451 million dollars, compared with 2, 556 million pounds, valued at 444 million dollars, in 1956--indicating an increase of 1.7 percent in quantity and 1.6 percent in value. In 1957 the output of many individual intermediates was at about the same level as in 1956. Production in 1957 of each of two intermediates exceeded 1 billion pounds; the output of styrene totaled 1, 166 million pounds (less than 1 percent below that in 1956) and that of ethylbenzene, 1, 165 million pounds (0.5 percent less than in 1956). Ethylbenzene is used almost entirely in the manufacture of styrene, which, in turn, is used in the manufacture of plastics materials and synthetic rubber. Large-volume intermediates the output of which was substantially larger in 1957 than in 1956 were cyclohexane (which showed an increase of 73.3 percent), isopropylidene diphenol (Bisphenol A) (an increase of 46.9 percent), a-methylstyrene (an increase of 26. 2 percent), a-chlorotoluene (an increase of 17.9 percent), p-dichlorobenzene (an increase of 15.4 percent), phthalic anhydride (an increase of 12.9 percent), and cyclohexanol (an increase of 10.4 percent). Production of many important intermediates, on the other hand, was smaller in 1957 than in 1956. The output of refined cresylic acid declined 19.1 percent; that of chlorobenzene, 16.7 percent; refined naphthalene, 10.7 percent; aniline, 8.6 percent; and dodecylbenzene, 6.5 percent. 1 See also table 7B, part III, which lists these products alphabetically and identifies the manufacturers; part A of the appendix, which shows imports of intermediates and related products during 1955-57; and part C of the appendix, which is a glossary of synonymous names of cyclic intermediates. TABLE 7A.--Synthetic organic chemicals: United States production and sales of cyclic intermediates, 1957 (Listed below are all cyclic intermediates for which any reported data on production or sales may be published. (Leaders are used where the reported data are accepted in confidence and may not be published or where no data were reported.) Table 7B in part III lists alphabetically all cyclic intermediates for which data on production or sales were reported and identifies the manufacturer of each. Part C in the appendix lists alphabetically all the important common names of cyclic intermediates usually met with in the trade and gives the corresponding standard (Chemical Abstracts) name under which data are presented in tables 7A and 78] 1-Amino-4-bromo-2-anthraquinonesulfonic acid 1-Amino-5-chloroanthraquinone- Total Chemicals for which separate statistics may not be shown--- Acetanilide, tech. and U.S.P----- 4'-Aminoacetanilide (Acetyl-p-phenylenediamine). 5-Amino-2(p-aminoanilino)benzenesulfonic acid5-Amino-2-anilinobenzenesulfonic acid----- 2-(p-Aminoanilino)-5-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid-. 1-Aminoanthraquinone and salt-- 2-Aminoanthraquinone and salt--- 6-Amino-3,4'-azodi (benzenesulfonic acid). 1-Amino-4-benzamidoanthraquinone---- 1-Amino-5-benzamidoanthraquinone-- 6-(p-Aminobenzamido)-1-naphthol-3-sulfonic acid-. 1-Amino-5(and 8)-chloroanthraquinone- 2-Amino-3-chloroanthraquinone- 2-Amino-4-chlorophenol 6-Amino-4-chloro-1-phenol-2-sulfonic acid- 2-Amino-5-chloro-p-toluenesulfonic acid [S03H=1] 1-Amino-4-hydroxyanthraquinone--- 5(and 8)-Amino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid (Cleve's acid, mixed) 6-Amino-1-naphthol-3-sulfonic acid (J acid), sodium salt- 2-Amino-5-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid [S03H=1]· 2-Amino-4-nitrophenol-- 2-Amino-1-phenol-4-sulfonamide----- 2-Amino-1-phenol-4-sulfonic acid---- p-(p-Aminophenylazo) benzenesulfonic acid- 4-Amino-a-toluenesulfonic acid [S03H=1]- 3-Amino-1,5-naphthalenedisulfonic acid (Cassella acid). 6-Amino-1,3-naphthalenedisulfonic acid (Amino I acid) 2-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (Tobias acid). 5-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (Laurent's acid) 5-Amino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid (1,6-Cleve's acid) 6-Amino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid (Broenner's acid). 8-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid Peri acid)- 8-Amino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid (1,7-Cleve's acid) 8-Amino-2-naphthol- 1-Amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid (1,2,4-Acid) 160 8-Amino-1-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid (H acid), monosodium salt-- 1,797 355 333 : 55 1.67 ... ... 193 ... ... 5.51 7-Amino-1-naphthol-3-sulfonic acid (Gamma acid), sodium salt 8-Anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (Phenyl peri acid). 48 2.09 o-Anisidine---- 872 TABLE 7A.-Synthetic organic chemicals: United States production and sales of cyclic intermediates, 1957--Continued Chemical 4,4'-Bis(dimethylamino) benzophenone (Michler's ketone). 3-Bromo-7H-benz [de] anthracen-7-one (Bromobenzanthrone) m-Chloroaniline--- 1-Chloroanthraquinone- 2-Chloroanthraquinone- o-Chlorobenzaldehyde-- Chlorobenzene, mono--- o-(p-Chlorobenzoyl)benzoic acid---- 1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (Dinitrochlorobenzene). 4(and 5)-Chlorometanilic acids, total 6-Chlorometanilic acid----- 1-Chloro-2-methylanthraquinone- 2-Chloro-4-nitroaniline (o-Chloro-p-nitroaniline) 4-Chloro-2-nitroaniline (p-Chloro-o-nitroaniline). 1-Chloro-5-nitroanthraquinone-- 4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzenesulfonamide-- 4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid------ 2-Chloro-5-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid and sodium salt 4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride- o-(4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzoyl)benzoic acid--- 2-Chloroquinizarin-- a-Chlorotoluene (Benzyl chloride). 4-Chloro-o-toluidine [NH2=1] (5-Chloro-o-toluidine (CH3-1]) (Fast red TR base)--- 5-Chloro-o-toluidine hydrochloride [NH2-1] (4-Chloro-2,5-xylylthio) acetic acid-. s-Collidine (2,4,6-Trimethylpyridine). Cresols, total2--- o-, m-, and p-Cresols(m,p)-Cresol, total- From coal tar--- 2,4-Diaminobenzenesulfonic acid [S0,H=1] 4,5'-Dibenzamido-1,1'-iminodianthraquinone- 1,5-Dibenzoylnaphthalene- 3,9-Dibromo-7H-benz [de] anthracen-7-one- 1,5-Dichloroanthraquinone-- 1,5(and 1,8)-Dichloroanthraquinone- 1,8-Dichloroanthraquinone- o-Dichlorobenzene-- 899 66 46 p-Dichlorobenzene- 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine base and salts--- 2,5-Dichloro-4-(3-methyl-5-oxo-2-pyrazolin-1-yl)benzenesulfonic acid- 1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene (Nitro-p-dichlorobenzene) 2,4-Dinitroaniline-- m-Dinitrobenzene- 2,5-Dichlorosulfanilic acid [SO2H=1] p-Diethylaminobenzaldehyde- m-Diethylaminophenol (N,N-Diethyl-3-aminophenol) N,N-Diethylaniline-- 6,7-Dihydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid--. 16,17-Dihydroxyviolanthrone (Dihydroxydibenzanthrone) N,N-Dimethylaniline-- 2,2'-Dimethyl-1,1'-bianthraquinone- p-(2,4-Dinitroanilino) phenol 1,5(and 1,8)-Dinitroanthraquinone 2,4-Dinitrophenol, tech------ 34 8 192 899 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,7-naphthalene-disulfonic acid (Chromotropic acid) 68 4,4-Dinitro-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid-. 1,4-Di(p-toluidino) anthraquinone- Dodecylbenzene (including keryl-type benzenes )" See footnotes at end of table. |