was mixed infection. He was discharged, apparently cured, January 15, 1901, and employed as cart driver; his appearance was that of perfect health, and he remained well until June, 1901, when he had an attack of influenza; this disease ran its course, but the patient did not recover strength, and the cough continuing beyond the usual period led to reexamination of his sputum, when the tubercle bacillus was again found. He was very ill for several months, and at one time it was thought he would die, but he is now almost well again. There is scarcely a possibility of reinfection in this case, but rather this seems to have been a breaking down of a partially or entirely encapsulated mass of tubercular deposit during the attack of influenza. A second case is more encouraging: W. K., age 38 years, admitted December 19, 1899, with consolidation of the right apex and the left upper lobe and a history of lung trouble extending over eleven years, was discharged apparently cured December 10, 1901, nearly a year after all symptoms had disappeared. He returned to his home in Washington, D. C., and about the middle of January wrote me that he had had a serious relapse and asked to be again received as a patient. He was readmitted January 28, 1901, and examined with more than ordinary care. There were physical signs of acute bronchitis, but the most careful microscopical examination failed to reveal bacilli. His sputum was then injected into the peritoneal cavities of two guinea pigs, which were killed at the end of eight weeks and found to be in a perfectly healthy condition. This man recovered from his bronchitis in a short time and is now doing duty as night watchman.

The third case is that of a young man 21 years of age, who was admitted August 28, 1901, in the first stage of the disease; tubercle bacilli being present in his sputum. He made rapid gain in weight; cough and expectoration ceased entirely by January 1, 1902, and for more than three months he had absolutely no symptoms and was about to be discharged from further treatment. A few days ago on arising in the morning he coughed once, expectorating a small portion of muco-purulent matter which on microscopical examination, was found to contain tubercle bacilli in considerable numbers, well grouped. The bacilli had previously entirely disappeared from his sputum.

The fourth case, in which there was extensive envolvement of both lungs and larynx, with almost entire loss of voice, patient extremely weak and much emaciated, was discharged after fifteen months' treatment, and for the past year has been employed as wagon driver in the near-by town of Capitan, N. Mex. He has entirely recovered his voice, strength, and usual weight and remains well, so far as physical signs are concerned, and is strong and hearty.

The lessons and encouragement to be gained from these cases seem too obvious to require comment.

CONCLUSIONS.

First. Given a sufficient length of stay, recovery may be expected in a very large percentage in first stage, uncomplicated cases.

Second. Recovery or arrest may be expected in a fair proportion of second and third stage cases, and all the febrile cases in which there remains sufficient sound lung tissue to support life, but we should exercise caution lest we be premature in pronouncing second and third stage cases cured.

Third. Results in permanent febrile cases, especially those in which there is a wide range of daily temperature, are not better than in less favorable climates. Fourth. Hemorrhages seem less liable at this altitude than at the sea level. Fifth. Heredity plays an unimportant part in the causation of the disease.

THERMAL SPRINGS OF NEW MEXICO.

Excepting the famous Yellowstone National Park, situated in the northwest corner of Wyoming, there is no other locality outside the Territory of New Mexico that contains so many natural thermal springs. This fact is not generally known throughout the States, and I avail myself of the opportunity to say a few words about these health shrines of nature's own furnishing, so frequently sought by the unfortunate sufferer from disease. Many persons not informed upon the natural resources of their own country annually flock abroad to seek relief from the waters of the various European "spas." Many of these persons might be induced to visit the great natural springs so numerous in this Territory could the matter of their medicinal merit be brought to notice in such a way as to show them that what they seek abroad

can readily be found at home, and that in curative properties the natural mineral springs of New Mexico excel many of those of European repute.

Accurate analyses made by competent chemists show the composition of most of the springs found in New Mexico to be superior in many respects to those enjoying the highest reputation in Europe and in other countries. Many of these places are far removed from the general line of travel, but those best known to-day are easily accessible to the tourist and health seeker, and are reached by good roads and stage lines. Many of them are equipped with modern hotels and bathrooms, good food, good service, healthful surroundings; in fact, ideal conditions to carry out a line of treatment where regularity, isolation, physical and mental rest are important factors. It would be a work of supererogation to attempt an enumeration of the many afflicted persons who have visited these springs, taking a course of the waters, and returning to their homes greatly benefited in health. A glance at the chemical composition of many of these waters will show that they compare favorably with many of those most sought in various parts of the world.

The geologic processes are so recent in New Mexico that nearly every county in the Territory has its healing, hot, or mineral springs. The purpose of this article is only to give a few facts concerning the more accessible resorts. Many important places are necessarily omitted, because the average tourist would be unable to visit them.

In geographical order the first to be mentioned are-

FOLSOM HOT SPRINGS.

Situated near Alps, a station on the Colorado Southern Railroad, 59 miles south of Trinidad, on the summit of the Raton range of mountains, close to the extinct volcano of Capulin, in Union County, near the northern boundary of the Territory. The altitude is about 6,500 feet, and the location is very beneficial for consumptives. They have fine medicinal properties and promise to become of prominence.

LAS VEGAS HOT SPRINGS.

In San Miguel County, at the mouth of the picturesque Gallinas Canyon, on the banks of the Gallinas River, is situated the Las Vegas Hot Springs, famed throughout the length and breadth of the land for their curative virtues in innumerable diseases.

The springs are twenty-two in number, and from analyses made by Prof. F. V. Hayden, of the United States Geographical Survey, the following is extracted:

In its chemical composition this water resembles in many respects the waters of the famous hot springs of Teplitz, in Austria, while in its two chief active constituents, the carbonate and sulphate of sodium, it may recall the somewhat analogous, though very much stronger, waters of Carlsbad, justifying in a degree the name often given it of "dilute Carlsbad water." The dilution, however, is more frequently a benefit than a disadvantage, for it permits a larger amount of the water to be taken, thus securing the valuable solvent and eliminating powers of the water itself, together with the remedial virtues of its mineral constituents.

OJO CALIENTE (HOT SPRINGS).

These celebrated hot springs are located in the midst of the ancient Cliff Dwellers, 25 miles west of Taos and 50 miles north of Santa Fe, and about 12 miles from Barranca Station, on the Denver and Rio Grande Railway, from which point a daily line of stages run to the springs. The temperature of these waters is from 90 to 122 F. The gases are carbonic. Altitude, 6,000 feet: climate very dry and delightful the year round. There is now a commodious hotel for the convenience of invalids and tourists, and the reputation of these wonderful medicinal waters is fast spreading. These waters contain 1,686.34 grains of alkaline salts to the gallon, being the richest alkaline hot springs in the world. An analysis of these waters shows a total of 288.09 parts in 100,000, divided as follows:

These are in Bernalillo County, in Santiago Canyon, being a branch of the Jemez Creek, which, 9 miles south, connects with another branch running through Guadaloupe Canyon. To reach them one has to travel from Santa Fe by wagon road to Penablanca, 27 miles distant, west, crossing the Rio Grande there, and thence keeping a western course through the foothills of the Valles Mountains to Jemez pueblo, 26 miles. From there it is 13 miles to the first group of springs-at Archuleta post-office-or from Bernalillo, on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad; also by wagon road past Santa Ana and Zia (or Silla) pueblos to San Ysidro, and thence to Jemez pueblo, where this road and the former join, distant 27 miles.

Both roads are sandy, but the latter especially so, running for about 13 miles through Jemez Canyon.

A much better road, running from Archuleta north and northeast through the mountains and ending at Espanola, has recently been constructed.

There are several groups of hot springs in Santiago Canyon, but those at Archuleta and 2 miles farther north are most frequented. At Archuleta are ample hotel accommodations. Many health seekers prefer the "upper group" and camp there. At both places the scenery is enchanting and the atmosphere dry and healthy.

The lower springs, at Archuleta post-office, have an altitude of 6,620 feet above sea level. Limestone and sandstone of the Carboniferous

age form the sides of the canyon, 1,000 feet high, often changed from their original position by volcanic substances. There are here:

1. A geyser with an opening of 1 square foot, a temperature of 168° F., running about 50 gallons a minute, with escaping carbonic acid and deposits of white carbonate of lime.

2. A spring of 130 F. with free carbonic acid and red-brown deposits.

3. A spring of 119 F., with "alga" (cryptogamic water plants). A black sulphate of iron forms on them, a result of the action of sulphureted hydrogen upon carbonate of iron and oxide of iron in the alga. The sulphureted hydrogen is a product of the reduction of

gypsum.

There are more springs with a temperature from 102 to 108 F. The total salts in 100 parts of water amount to 0.2401 parts of sodium, lime, and magnesia. These springs are especially beneficial to rheumatic diseases.

The upper group, 2 miles from Archuleta, in the same canyon, consists of 42 springs. Their elevation is about 6,740 feet above sea level, and their temperature varies from 70 to 105 F.

They flow from caves of carbonate of lime, some of which are 20 feet in height. Combined they form a dam or dike 30 feet high and 200 feet long. The springs contain 37.26 parts solids in 100 parts water, mostly chloride of sodium and sulphate and carbonate of soda, lime, and magnesia. They greatly resemble the famous Marienbad. Besides the hot springs, north of the upper group are cold mineral springs. Halfway between the two groups is an extensive ruined pueblo.

CHERRYVILLE SPRINGS.

In Socorro County, at Cherryville, is the next occurrence of noted springs. These are found near the head of the cañada or falls of the Alamosa, whence Geronimo started out on his famous raid. They are accessible by stage from Engle, a station on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad. They are on the eastern slope of the Black Range. The temperature is 130° F. and the altitude 6,540 feet.

GILA HOT SPRINGS.

In the southwestern part of Socorro County, on the west of the Gila, or Diamond Creek, as it is called, is a group of springs, at 5,545 feet altitude, that are easily reached by wagon from Silver City. The temperature is 130 F., and they carry similar ingredients to the Jemez Springs.

APACHE TAJOE SPRINGS.

Four miles from Whitewater, on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, are also found some good springs of 97° F. They are in Grant County, 30 miles north of Deming.

Twenty-four miles north from Deming, and within 3 miles of Hudson, on the Santa Fe road, are several good springs. These springs are widely known and much frequented, both on account of their medicinal value and the lovely climate and beautiful scenery.

Some other undeveloped springs are about 3 miles north of Hudson Hot Springs.

It remains to be said that close to the western boundary of the Ter

ritory are several other locations of hot springs, of which one is about 10 miles southwest of Zuni and one in the valley of the San Francisco River, the latter at an altitude of 5,630 feet above sea level and having an average temperature of 84 F., largely used by the Indians and the people of the vicinity.

FAYWOOD HOT SPRINGS.

In the Faywood Hot Springs New Mexico possesses a water which for its curative properties rivals the famous Carlsbad waters of Europe. Indeed, there is living evidence that the Faywood Hot Springs have cured ailments to which the waters of Carlsbad offered no relief.

The Faywood Hot Springs are situated 25 miles from Silver City and about the same distance north of Deming. Here, at an altitude of 4,500 feet, in a region of almost perpetual sunshine, tented over with ever-azure skies, and with the most delightful of climates, has been erected, at a cost of $100,000, a large hotel, capable of accommodating 125 guests. It stands just to the east and near the base of the great calcareous cone, 40 feet in altitude and half a mile in circumference, which has been the result of the mineral deposits from the spring during all the countless ages of the past. The Faywood is built upon the Mexican plan, inclosing a placita, or court, upon three sides. Surrounding it are 900 feet, or nearly one-fifth of a mile, of cool, deep verandas, where one may enjoy the pleasant breezes of the sun during the winter months and be sheltered from the winds, no matter from what direction they may blow. Very little wind is experienced, however, as it is located sufficiently near the mountains to be sheltered from their force, and yet far enough away to get a delightfully refreshing breeze in summer.

The large and airy rooms are furnished in the best style, being supplied with fixed marble slabs, stationary washstands, private baths, and every other convenience. There are elegant lavatories, a barber shop, a gun room, a commodious office with an old-fashioned fireplace, billiard and writing rooms, parlors, and a spacious and lofty dining room which on occasion serves as a ball room. The system of plumbing is complete, and the house is nicely heated in winter by hot water piped from the spring.

The spring flows directly from the top of the before-mentioned cone, in which a large reservoir, 20 feet in diameter and 40 feet deep, has been excavated. This has been walled and cemented, and is covered with a comfortable and graceful open pavilion having a paved floor and comfortable seats around its entire circumference. Here a great stream, at a temperature sufficient to poach an egg or scald a fowl for picking, gushes forth at the rate of 6,000 gallons an hour. This is piped to large cooling tanks, into every room in the hotel, over the entire grounds, and to the well-fitted bath houses at its base. The bath-house equipments are of the latest and most approved pattern, with comfortable dressing rooms, bath tubs, shower-bath arrangements, and sweat cots. The attendance is good, and after half an hour in the water under the hands of an expert manipulator, followed by a good rub down, one feels like a new man.

The curative qualities of the waters of these springs have been known for a long time, but it is only in recent years that this has become widely exploited and their availability fully developed. A recent analysis of the waters shows that they are quite like those of the world-famous resort at Carlsbad, containing silica, alumina and