Some time he sat, the scroll upon his knees, His beard and hands wet with the dew of these; Then said he to the lords that wondered round, "How say ye, sirs, these came of goodly ground, What if we lodge next year upon such soil ?"
All winter they made ready with much toil, And heard these men that stayed within their doors Concerning Latin land make great discourse- About great Rome, ruined in many a space, But yet with half her palaces in place, And of the church built up of temple stones Upon the burying place of Peter's bones; And of a window wide, which therein was, Set with Christ's picture painted on thin glass, And Paul and Peter kneeling at his feet, And written under words of Scripture sweet. The King called to a priest, and said, "God wot, We here make humble prayers in wooden cot; Think ye this coloured chapel a fair house Towards which before you all I make these vows, That twelve gold images shall shortly stand Of Christ's great saints on right and on left hand, So let your prayers go all for such an hour." But this he said in lust of spoil and power; For evil men look somewhile for a glance From God, and are fain of his countenance; These be his pious servants in their needs,
Go He but with them through their days and deeds! And so this king with great gifts would engage An ally for his spring-time pilgrimage. But God, whose fingers winnow wheat from chaff, Took note of this, and by Himself did laugh, And said: I will be with him to his death; As ships that are blown on by the wind's breath Through all their voyage, and broken at last, up, At harbour-mouth he shall be overcast.'
Leaving no one at home nor any goods, They passed into the mountain solitudes, And it fell out that in the Easter week They entered on the soil which they did seek, And slowly overflowed the pleasant plains A multitude of men and many wains; They found a silence over all the land, Therein was no man seen with lance in hand; The villages were all burnt black with flame, Tame things were as the wild, and wild as tame; The vines unpruned, the meadow-grass unmown, And corn self-sown among the stubble grown. Pevia people dared to keep their gate,
For which they were nigh slain with heavy fate, When, yielding after three years' siege, the King Was wroth with them, and swore a bitter thing, Saying "What do these stubborn loons to hold Their town, which hath small silver and less gold? In all this land there is full little gain, That Lombard men to get it must be slain." But after, on the stone way as he rode, His great horse fell down, being iron shod,
And moved not, though they beat him where he laid With lance-butts. Then were his knights all afraid, Saying "Lord King, it is a sign he loth Not of it; but put off thy cruel oath, For these be Christian folk who dwell herein, Whose hair may not be hurt without sore sin;" And so the King did not as he had sworn, In little space they all were overborne, And there was in the land no need of arms, But orchards pruned and tillage of rich farms.
Right glad were they of this fair Church of Rome When the King's vow into their ears did come, And spake between their times of services With pleasant thoughts of these twelve images, And hewed about the chancel wall a place Where they might stand before the people's face; But when the land had peace, and seasons went, And these came not, to know the King's intent They sent a holy man, who came to him And said: "Lord King, has thy great vow grown dim Through these few days? or has thy heart grown cold Concerning the twelve saints, well graved in gold, To be for Peter's church thy precious dole, And whiten the red sin from out thy soul." Then laughed this lord-"Thou doest well to prate Of golden gifts an hundred pounds in weight, When in this land one scarce shall gather up Enough to fashion out a drinking cup.
Did I not quit me of that other vow For love of you, therefore absolve ye now This one for sake of me." This sin the King Did, deeming it a pleasurable thing To keep his treasure by his ready wit For his house and the ornament of it.
Lord ALBOIN had to wife one ROSAMOND, A small lithe woman of the land beyond. The white snow walls, the spoil of wars long since, Which blotted out the Gepida; their prince, Her sire, when he had slain, he took his skull For a deep bowl, which, when he waxed dull Of mood, and heavy half-way in his drink, He filled with cold wine to the bony brink, And the draught straightway stirred his blood right- well,
Loosening his lips with tales they loved to tell, Legends of all the fields and the wild times Of youth, and cruel glories that were crimes.
This Gepid princess was of beauty rare And cloaked her shoulders in her yellow hair, With a faint moving colour in her flesh, And a most delicately woven mesh
Of veins seen through it, like blue threads of sky Dividing beds of cloud dipped in soft dye, In all her fairness was no stain or fleck;
The beads of blood in her smooth arm and neck Were not more difficult to hold, than each Subtle beauty of her slipping through my speech. A mouth most mutable of little lips,
Eyes like blue water wherein sunlight dips, Whose moteless beam, all beauteous though it shone, Seemed something hard, and glittered like a stone. She had great store of silken robes to fold On her, and sandals small with clasps of gold, And twisted brooches of the cunning smith, And rings to mail her wrists and fingers with, And chambers lightened from the west and south, And dainty meats and morsels for her mouth. She walked with gracious growth about her knees Of fruited luxury and flowery ease, Like a child pressing through the deep warm way Of meadow grass, and plucking the seed spray And blossom blades and spear stems for its toys; She gathered these in sheafs of summer joys. Her palace-garden was filled full of flowers; Therein were thickets hollowed out in bowers, Where she would sit when birds were not astir At noon, listening unto some lute player, Or monkish man that lightened weary ways With old songs and strange tales of Roman days.
She loved her lord, he was so great in fight And fair in face, she loved him in Hate's spite; She hated him, because of her sire slain, With hate edged with a little bosom pain Of love, but most because of the white cup Set down at his right-hand when he did sup; She had nigh stabbed him often in his sleep, But looking on him lying, could not keep
Her looks from beauty breaking through the dawn, Her eyes from his full eyelids overdrawn. She heard him often at his festivals,
When full of wine his words came through the walls, Call to his knights, with biting jest and jibe, And tell again the story of her tribe, And fill the cup and tell the tale of it, How the smith was nigh driven from his wit, When the King sent a head with flesh and hair, Requiring it again a vessel fair.
Then she would lie all night-time motionless, And in the morning bid her maidens dress Her, and sit all day shuddering in the sun, And dreaming how her vengeance might be done. But in the evening came, so straight and tall, His face and fearless heart beyond them all Her lord, with laughter at some little wound- Some hurt chanced in the hunt, that bled unbound, Of which till now he had been unaware, And lifting up the skeins of her silk hair Would swear "By Peter and great Paul I hold My lady's locks as heavy as thread gold, Even as their depth with such a light is lit, Here are some little links to weigh with it," Hanging a twisted chain about her neck, Or other ornament wherewith to deck Her shining shape, so exquisitely sheathed In armour of all beauty; then she breathed A long, low breath, and took between her hands His curling hair, and from the height it stands Draws down his head, even till it lies upon Her breast, heart-beaten, his own favourite one.
Her heart was built into two perfect cells: In one a day of softness streams, and dwells; Windowed to the white light and warmth of suns, The sweetness of whose season overruns The senses, in its doorways, deep with flowers, Was shed the summer-light of happy hours Within its porches, perfect with the rays And flowing foliage of delightful days; Pleasure oft netted her beneath its charm, And shook the sweet spear in its lifted arm. The other was a cavern all unlit,
A cold stream flowed along the length of it; Her spirit there, sitting beside the brink, And laving frozen feet, would plot and think; Working in stony sorrows, hafted with Deep hate, her thoughts became a dagger-smith, A leopardess full soft of foot and throat, With tooth and talon hidden in her coat, She was, that in the sunlight loves to bask And to be smoothly stroked; a lovely mask Of gentleness her fierceness did enwrap, Of softly-licking mouth, which yet would snap Upon the hand which it caressed, if drawn Too soon or rudely from its fearful fawn.
King ALBOIN feasted in the Easter time, As was his custom, listening to the rhyme That one had written of the deeds bygone Done in that season; and he turned to one
At meat and drink is more a pleasant thing." Ay," quoth the king, "it is a chilly theme, Ill suited to be jesting on, I deem;
Fill me the cup, it is a merry head,
Full of blithe thought and shrewd sayings unsaid; He that hath wine in mouth hath a wise word Spoken to himself and by none other heard." This HELMICHIS sat at the King's right hand; There was no greater knight in all the land; He was the shield-bearer; a stern sad man; Worn with much war, already his beard ran Down grey by black, silent and ill at ease Save when he held his horse between his knees, One who loved not to keep at home and house, But came unto these feastings with bent brows. Of late he was not pleased to see his lord Leave in its sheath too long an idle sword He held a woman as of little worth, And sparingly inclioed to love or mirth. He turned half, and spake him with a sucer, "This is sore matter for your lady's ear, Lord King; thereof she surely hath offence." For he saw her among her bower maidens, Where they sat at a little balcony, Wax white a space and withdraw suddenly, Then the King drank, and roared with face red, I tell you, Sir HELMICHIS, by God's head, From this same cup of CUNIMUND the Queen Shall pledge me here, whereby there shall be scen What is the love of me that she has sworn, That will not shrink to hold all else to scorn.' For wine had made him mad. Then in the hall There was a sudden stay of noise: they all Deemed it a heavy thing that he should make The Queen, in lieu of cup, in her hands take Her father's head, as it were glass or stone, And put her lips against the bleachen bone; So they sat whispering and wondering. A page, that waited on his plate, to bring The lady ROSAMOND he quickly sent; And she hath come, with little feet that went Falteringly: "Let my lord"-thus did she speak- "Do no hard thing with me, who am but weak: Let my lord think I am but weak and small, And put me not to shame before them all." Then the King drew her near him with a kiss, Saying: For love's sake, sweet, pledge me in this!" And held the bowl by force against her face Till she had drunk of it. There in his place He stayed till morn, keeping glad carnival Even till the sun was striped upon the wall, And wist no more of this that he had done, Nor that his death drew near.
This is but menial work for his great knights To sit, still laughing at such sorry slights. It is maids' work for his princes to sit All day with loyal laugh at his fool's wit. He wallows in his wine, while near and far In vain there wait him many works of war. Sir HELMICHIS, here is a door which hath Through it a short and softly level path---
A door which ye may pass through with bare head, And in short while come crowned!" When she had said,
She pulled a panel sliding in the wood,
And showed him a bed-chamber, and there stood A bed, and upon it the King was lain In a deep sleep. He pushed it shut again, And answered her with fair words of his faith, And how he could not suffer his lord's scaith, Yet saying that it was in sooth foul stain Upon her honour, and no royal reign
To sit and drink from set to rise of sun
Nay, start not forth! a little blood were sweet That one should spoil a king of his choice meat. Piteous it is that a great knight be hung
For sweet love's sake, which through his strength hath stung;
There is a choice between the twain of you, And hours of time to make it are but few; If ye be worthy soon it shall be shown Of a queen's bosom, or of a king's throne. There is a two-fold kingdom in your sword- Of love and Lombard men shall ye be lord. It is an easy deed: shrink not from it: Are ye so drawn to gallows-tree and pit? Fear not, men weary would be one and all Rid of this sluggard king who sits in hall. It is your death or his: methinks the choice May be well chosen without pleading voice." PEREDEO let first one swift thought pass To leave this woman slain upon the grass, But soon came back to pride and hardihood,
Haling his queen forth; that, such things being done, And fell a thinking it in sooth were good
It were best Lombard men had other king.
So he departed, and did not the thing
Which the Queen would, but in his heart and head The green and growing thought of it was bred. Then she went out, and sat some whiles alone Within an arbour, interlaced and grown Of branches twisted to a summer-house. Upon the sides thereof were many boughs, And spring was tender in them. Many a nest, A bird with speckled eggs against her breast, And buds there were, with but one little place Among the leaves left clear for the sun's rays, That waited meekly bent upon their stem, For the short space when he would visit them. Yet the sweet season throbbed not in her veins, But shooting frosts, and fires of many pains; Colour of leaf and the new learning note Of birds she heeded not, but in her throat There was a dusty ache; her face was pressed Upon her hands, and her eyes dark; each breast Shut fast upon the other, and, close barred To things without, her heart beat slow and hard, Labouring like a slave chained to the oar Of life, who knows no hope of any shore.
There was a lord at court, PEREDEO, Who lived a sumptuous life and loved much show, Valiant and fond of power, yet caring best In raiment rich to keep him decked and dressed; Light of his word and false at his own need, Who could laugh through deep hate; fertile of deed Against his enemies, and much beloved
Of women was he, though he had much proved Their love, and as it fell out about then He was enamoured of a bower-maiden, One near the Queen (who of this had aware) Resembling her, and like her in her hair,
And moulded in her shape, and middle-height, Who kept a tender tryst with him by night. Now this Queen, given over to her rage, Did a thing difficult to put on page; She met this Lord PEREDEO at eve,
And with shut mouth and soft kiss did deceive Him in grown garden ways all deep and dark, Till, holding him to her, she whispered: "Hark, Fair lord, deem ye your life a certain thing, Taking in arms the wife of a great king? Short space there be before ye shall be slain, I wot with death it is your limbs have lain :
That ALBOIN should be slain in some quick way, And spake with her of fitting mode and day. So was his death decided by these two; And now the carlier stars were twinkling through The thatch of leaves, but of their lights few found A perfect path, or ever touched the ground, But strewed all night their beams in pleasant places, And nestled half-way down the orchard mazes.
That night HELMICHIS sleepless was in bed- A thought unwonted busy in his head, Whispering how sweet it was when the Queen's eyes Had turned and dwelt upon him in strange wise; "Tis a hard truth, but so it was, at last His churlishness was taken at a cast; This queen-woman, so fair, and small, and lithe, Had bound his spirit with the strong wet withe Of a great love, and he rose up at morn With his faith from him like a garment torn, And going to the palace spoke with her In a small chamber, about noon-time: "Sir, It would have been more well if yesterday Your mood had said what now it deigns to say: The thing we spoke of shortly shall be done, More prompt to succour me there was found one."
He trembled there at her harsh word: she saw He loved her well, and that she was his law, And said within her, "This PEREDEO Will thrust me from him when he may do so, Hath he the power." Then, where HELMICHIS stood, She softly looked, with colour of much blood; So that he came nigh her, and with rude speech, Told of his love: with gladness each by each She heard the words, and let him take her close, And kiss her where her breathing river flows, Saying unto him: "It is well, my sweet, Another smooth the pathway for our feet, For Lombard men will scarce endure the reign Of him by whom King ALBOIN be slain."
Sun-heat and wine being heavy in his head King ALBOIN then was laid upon his bed, And, nerveless and half-naked, through the noon He slept, lulled by an inarticulate tune, Sung softly by the Queen, who there did bring, As was her wont, her frame of silk-working; At the bed's head his sheathed sword was lain, She quickly took a many-threaded skein,
And, without pause or break in her low lilt, She twisted it from scabbard unto hilt, And stealing forth, whispered PEREDEO, Who waited on a stair that led below,
So that none came that way; but the doomed King, Woke up and turned, soon as she ceased to sing, And seeing there the sword with the red thread About the handle, a half-dream was fed
By it, wherein he wondered how a mark
Of blood was there, though all the blade was dark With stain of slaughter, none came ever nigh Or wet his hand; but this, so bright, so high, So close his grasp, Oh! must be from his heart, It is his own, and wakes him with a start, To start again, seeing PEREDEO,
With cheeks all pale and shining sword held low, Come towards him quickly, while stood still beyond, With tigerish eyes fixed on him, ROSAMOND. An instant's look told him too much-told all; He leapt, and snatched his weapon from the wall; Maddened to find that it betrayed him too, He dashed it down, and seized a stool, which flew From his strong hand, and but a hairs'-breadth more The traitor's brains had spattered wall and floor; But it passed by, and with one horrid thrust Those lion-limbs sank shaking to the dust.
ALBOIN is dead-may Mary him befriend! Christ cleanse him clean! his was a baleful end; In him the Gospel text was preached plain "Who slays with sword by sword himself is slain," Cruel in youth, and scoffing in full age, God was provoked war with him to wage. He slew a king, and cast away his bones, To lie upon the earth like any stones, Taking his head to be a banquet-bowl, Lest God should gather them unto their soul. From a great vow, being paid price and worth
In full, the fairest kingdom of all the earth, He went back, deeming it a pleasant thing
The exarch was one by name LONGINUS,
Who was well pleased his power should shelter thus One fair and famed, and Queen to King ALBOIN, With treasure of much gold and silver coin; But loved not well the knights, least HELMICHIS, Who stood between him and the joy of this; So spake he to the woman, saying: "Queen, To be the love of traitors is but mean;
I am a prince none shall put from his place More worthy of thy dower of wealth and face." This ROSAMOND being given up to sin Rendered to him the thing which he would win, HELMICHIS' murder was agreed betwixt The two, and with his drink a poison mixed, Which she brought to him coming from his bath: "Shall not my lord assuage the thirst he hath ?" So said she, and he took in hands the cup, And quaffed it slowly; but not yet drunk up He felt the cold and creeping chill in him, And looking on her with eye growing dim Saw in her pale fierce face the deed confessed; Holding a dagger-point against her breast, Between the isles whereon he loved to lie, He made her drink the deadly remnant dry, And both of them fell dead upon the floor.
Then wrote this exarch to the Emperor, Telling him of these things with much deceit, And sending PEREDEO to his feet. And this great lord, to make a merry mime, Fought in the circus at some feasting time, And slew two lions for the multitude, Who marvelled that a man should be so thewed. TIBERIUS Vexed to see his lions dead Like any sheep worried by wolves, and said: "Is he so strong of hands? Methinks 'twere fit To blunt this edge-sword ere we play with it." So he bade put his eyes out, ere they brought Him to do homage; but PEREDEO Sought
To cheat God's church, and God who made him king: Two knives, and hid them in his sleeve; two lords
Yet for all this our Father him forgave;
They sang some services his soul to save,
At Peter's Church, and kept the yearly date With mourning mass and music consecrate.
In Lombard kingdom there is turbulence, Nobles and men of note are all fled thence, And common people know not which lord is, Proud PEREDEO or haughty HELMICHIS. These with Queen ROSAMOND keep, each of each Distrustful. With fair words and double speech She coaxes peace between them, till she band Round her the Gepida within the land; These gather to their Queen; but the dismayed, Ere they fled far, marvelled they were afraid, And hearing these two lords with ROSAMOND Plotted alone, they entered in a bond To battle without fear or faction, till They were subdued or slain, when by the will Of all they would make choice of a new lord To rule the land, in quietude restored. So were these three full soon discomfited, And, gathering up the treasure, swiftly fled Ravenna-wards, roving all night and day Until they reached it by the river way.
Short writing shall suffice their tale to tell, For all their haste drawing nigh death and hell.
That were great chamberlains, led him towards The throne; swiftly ere any was aware
He stabbed them both, so all fell on him there And slew him in the palace; for his eyes Like Samson had he of men's lives good price.
And Paul the Deacon told the tale I tell, Quietly writing in his convent cell At Monte Cassius, and his book says The requiem of Rome, and blood-red rays Pour down his pages a last lurid light On times fast closing into lampless night. Great Rome is gone, and years are whirled like leaves Into waste places, and a colour cleaves
To each one as it falls, and most fall dead; With famine brown, blood-wet with wars, and red
Or ashen-grey with pestilence; from treen Of time how few are shed that keep their green! Look on the latest-blown, where yet it lies, Stained o'er and shrivelled with all deathful dyes; But it is gone; let us have better hope That buds unfolded may more fairly ope. Gracious is God, who in his hollow hand Fosters thus far our own well-faring land, By His good grace may never more become For us such scribe as PAULUS unto Rome.
Lecturer on Botany in the Charing Cross Hospital College of Medicine, London.
"The study of vegetable fossils," says Proessor Henfrey, "is far less satisfactory than that of animal remains, since, in the great majority of cases, plants are formed of very perishable material." By the study of the structure of a fossil bone or shell, we are enabled, in many instances, to recognize the genus and even the species of animal to which it belonged; but it is far otherwise with plants. "The vegetable bodies which can resist the long-continued action of water are few, and these furnish only characters of large sections of the vegetable kingdom, without furnishing generic, far less specific distinctions."
togamous or flowerless plants, lichens and mosses, are totally devoid of that woody and vascular structure which enters into the composition of the higher plants.
The vascular and woody cryptogams have however, been found in the greatest plenty as fossils. But they all belong to species and genera long since extinct. The vascular cryptogams of this remote period consisted of gigantic trees with the most simple foliage, having cylindrical stems without leaves; the tall columnar calamite, the lepidodendron, which appears to have been only a gigantic lycopodium or club-moss, and tree-ferns, with an undergrowth of herbaceous plants, having neither flowers nor fruit, but carrying in their place simple sporules. The tree-ferns whose remains are so abundant in the coal formation
alike at Pottsville, in Pennsylvania, and Newcastle, in England-would only grow in a warm, moist climate; and the calamite, which is closely allied to our common equisetum or horsetail, now of a very diminutive size, would grow only in marshy lowlands.
It is therefore probable that the fossil plants which have hitherto been found, only partially represent the former plant-creations which preceded and prepared the way for the present one, and there is no denying that ideas obtained from fossil plants must be necessarily superficial and very speculative. There is, however, a sufficient amount of evidence furnished by vegetable fossils to prove satisfactorily that the first plants did not originate from seed, but from spores. They were undoubtedly flowerless The marine algæ or seaweed, and probably plants, such as lichens, mosses, club-moss trees the most simple forms of them, were in reality (Lepidodendra), and tree-ferns; these formed the first vegetable inhabitants of our globe. for a long succession of ages a leading feature They would naturally form in the shallowing in the vegetation of the ancient world. All waters as soon as the rocks had risen sufficiently naturalists are agreed that the earth's surface near to the surface of the ocean to catch the rays was originally covered with the ocean, and of the sun; and when land was at last visible, gradually, owing to volcanic activity, first ap- and here and there an island was to be seen peared above the universal waters in the form rugged and lorn, it would become covered with of islands. But when the first rocks emerged lichens, mosses, and ferns, the first offspring of from the primeval ocean, they must have been the young creation. without any humus or vegetable mould. Therefore, the first plants which grew on the land must have been such as could draw from the atmosphere and rain-water all their supplies of food, and create their own humus, by decaying through successive generations. Now we know that the very lowest tribe of cryptogamic plantslichens, mosses, and algae or sea-weed are alone capable of forming this humus, and they would seize upon the newly-emerged rocks, exactly as we find them to-day on the rocks which bound our sea-shores or the margins of our rivers. It is true that the fossil remains of lichens and mosses have not been found, but these plants doubtless existed in the greatest abundance, because they are ever associated with ferns, which as fossils are found in the greatest profusion in Coniferous trees, such as the pine, fir, larch, almost every geological formation. Besides, it and cedar, also ferns, club-mosses, mosses and must be borne in mind that the preservation of lichens, are therefore among the most ancient plants as fossils necessarily depends on their vegetable inhabitants of the earth. Land and structure, and that these lower forms of cryp-sea have repeatedly changed places, but these
There can be no doubt whatever, also, from the specimens and fragments of plants left in the oldest sedimentary rocks, that the first flowering land-plants were swamp plants. They appear to have been cyperaceous plants or sedges, and water lilies (Nympheacea). Indeed, the vegetative remains would seem to indicate for ages a swampy condition of things. evidence from fossil plants shows that as the land became more elevated and free from water, Cycadacere, or plants allied to the sago palm, and coniferous trees, such as the pine and fir, with needle-shaped leaves and inconspicuous flowers of extreme simplicity of organization, were added to the cryptogamous forests, of the primeval world.
« 이전계속 » |