[Qualifications of teachers.] Only teachers who are legally qualified to teach in the public schools of the state shall be eligible to teach in vacation schools of corresponding grade; provided, that the attendance of pupils upon such schools shall not be counted as a part of the average daily attendance of the regular elementary or secondary schools of the district, nor shall the state or county school funds be used to maintain such schools.

Second. [When school maintained in different portions of district.] When in any district it is necessary for the convenience of the residents of said district that the school therein should be maintained a part of the year in one portion of the district, and a part of the year in another portion of the district, the aggregate of the time the school has been maintained in the different portions of the district shall be considered in estimating the time for which a school has been maintained in the district during the school year.

History: Enacted March 12, 1872; amended April 7, 1880, Code Amdts. 1880 (Pol. C. pt.), p. 38; March 23, 1893, Stats. and Amdts. 1893, p. 251; May 22, 1915, Stats. and Amdts. 1915, p. 766; May 18, 1917, Stats. and Amdts. 1917, p. 688. In effect July 27, 1917.

ARTICLE X.
SCHOOLS.

§ 1662. Who admitted to. Course of study.

§ 1663. Classification of public schools.

§ 1665. Course of instruction. Branches to be taught in grades.

§ 1670. School year [new].

§ 1673. Duration of daily sessions [new].

§ 1662. WHO MAY BE ADMITTED TO. COURSES OF STUDY. First.

The courses of study for the day elementary schools of California shall embrace eight years of instruction; and such courses must allot eight years for instruction in subjects required to be taught in such schools and may allot not more than two years for kindergarten instruction.

Second. [Ages for admission.] The day elementary schools of each school district of California shall be open for the admission of all children between six and twenty-one years of age residing in the district, and may be open for the admission of adults if the governing body of the district deem such admission advisable; provided, that where kindergarten instruction is given in the schools of a district, such school shall admit children to the kindergarten classes at four years of age; and the reports for the kindergarten classes shall be kept and shall be made separate from other school reports; and provided, further, that wherever a school is established for the instruction of the deaf, such children may be admitted to such school at three years of age; provided, that the average daily attendance of deaf children who are six years of age or older shall be counted as part of the average daily attendance in the day elementary schools.

Third. [Children excluded.] The governing body of the school district shall have power to exclude children of filthy or vicious habits, or children suffering from contagious or infectious diseases, and also to establish separate schools for Indian children and for children of Chinese or Mongolian descent.

[Separate schools for Indians, etc.] When such separate schools are established, Indian, Mongolian or Chinese children must not be admitted into any other school. Fourth. [Special day and evening classes.] The governing body of any elementary school district shall have power to establish and maintain, in connection with any school under its jurisdiction, special day and evening classes for the purpose of giving instruction in any of the branches of study mentioned in section one thousand six hundred sixty-five of this code. These classes may be convened at such hours and for such length of time during the school day or evening, and at such period and for such length of time during the school year as may be determined by such governing authority; and the enrollment of and attendance upon such classes shall be kept separately

and the units of average daily attendance shall be determined as provided in section one thousand eight hundred fifty-eight of this code and shall be added to the attendance of the elementary school district.

Fifth. [Ages for admission.] The evening elementary schools and the special day and evening classes of the elementary schools of any school district shall be open for the admission of all children over the age of fifteen years, residing in the district and for the admission of adults; provided, that children under fifteen years of age who have been given permits to work in accordance with the provisions of an act to enforce the educational rights of children may be admitted to the evening elementary schools. History: Enacted March 12, 1872; amended April 7, 1880, Code Amdts. 1880 (Pol. C. pt.), p. 38; March 12, 1885, Stats. and Amdts. 1884-5, p. 100; March 20, 1891, Stats. and Amdts. 1891, p. 160; March 23, 1893, Stats. and Amdts. 1893, p. 253; March 5, 1903, Stats. and Amdts. 1903, p. 86; April 14, 1909, Stats. and Amdts. 1909, p. 903; May 18, 1917, Stats. and Amdts. 1917, p. 667. In effect July 27, 1917.

§ 1663. CLASSIFICATION OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 1. The public schools of California, other than those supported exclusively by the state, shall be classed as day and evening elementary, and day and evening secondary schools. The day and evening elementary schools of California shall be designated as primary and grammar schools. The day and evening secondary schools of California shall be designated as high schools and technical schools, and either class may include a portion of the other class.

History: Enacted March 12, 1872; amended March 28, 1874, Code Amdts. 1873-4, p. 97; April 7, 1880, Code Amdts. 1880 (Pol. C. pt.), p. 38; March 9, 1883, Stats. and Amdts. 1883, p. 83; March 15, 1889, Stats. and Amdts. 1889, p. 189; March 20, 1891, Stats. and Amdts. 1891, p. 161; March 23, 1913, Stats. and Amdts. 1913, p. 254; March 23, 1901, Stats. and Amdts. 1900-1, p. 670; April 14, 1909, Stats. and Amdts. 1909, p. 905; June 16, 1913, Stats. and Amdts. 1913, p. 768; May 29, 1917, Stats. and Amdts. 1917, p. 1315. In effect July 28, 1917.

§ 1665. COURSE OF INSTRUCTION. BRANCHES TO BE TAUGHT IN GRADES. First. Instructions must be given in the following branches in the several grades in which they may be required, viz.: reading, writing, spelling, arithmetic, geography, language and grammar, with special reference to composition, history of the United States with special reference to the history of the constitution of the United States and the history of the reasons for the adoption of each of its provisions, the duties of citizenship, together with instruction in local civil government; elements of physiology and hygiene, with special reference to the injurious effects of tobacco, alcohol and narcotics on the human system; morals and manners.

[Time given.] In the first six grades of the elementary schools, at least two-thirds of the pupil's time during each week shall be devoted to study and recitation of the subjects herein before enumerated, and in the seventh and eighth grades at least twelve and one-half hours of the pupil's time each week shall be devoted to the study and recitation of such subjects.

Second. [Subjects for remaining time.] From the time remaining after the study and recitations of the studies herein before enumerated, at least twenty minutes of each school day must be devoted by all pupils over the age of eight years to such physical training as shall be most conducive to their proper physical development, and instruction must be given in nature study with special reference to agriculture and animal and bird life, music, drawing, elementary bookkeeping, humane education. Manual training, household economics, and other vocational subjects may be taught in any elementary school of the state;

[Manual training, etc.] provided, that in school districts employing six or more elementary school teachers in any one school, whether housed in one or more buildings, manual training and household economics must be taught. The state board of education 1917 Sup.-5

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may, in its discretion, adopt text-books in any of the subjects listed in this subdivision.

History: Enacted March 12, 1872; amended March 28, 1874, Code Amdts. 1873-4, p. 111; April 11, 1880, Code Amdts. 1880 (Pol. C. pt.), p. 39; March 15, 1887, Stats. and Amdts. 1887, p. 142; March 15, 1889, Stats. and Amdts. 1889, p. 189; March 20, 1891, Stats. and Amdts. 1891, p. 161; March 23, 1893, Stats. and Amdts. 1893, p. 254; March 23, 1901, Stats. and Amdts. 1900-1, p. 797; March 1, 1907, Stats. and Amdts. 1907, p. 70, Kerr's Stats. and Amdts. 1906-7, p. 88; March 18, 1909, Stats. and Amdts. 1909, p. 412; May 22, 1915, Stats. and Amdts. 1915, p. 771; May 18, 1917, Stats. and Amdts. 1917, p. 728. In effect July 27, 1917.

§ 1670. SCHOOL YEAR. The school year begins on the first day of July and ends on the last day of June. A school month is construed and taken to be twenty days or four weeks of five days each, including legal holidays.

Sec. 2. [Repeal.] Section one thousand six hundred ninety-seven and section one thousand eight hundred seventy-eight of the Political Code are hereby repealed.

History: Original section enacted on March 12, 1872, provided for schools for Negro and Indian children; amended March 28, 1874, Code Amdts. 1873-4, p. 97; repealed April 7, 1880, Code Amdts. 1880 (Pol. C. pt.), p. 47; a new section, providing for segregation of pupils, given this number, was approved March 15, 1887, Stats. and Amdts. 1886-7, p. 125; repealed March 20, 1901, Stats. and Amdts. 1901, p. 164; another new section, providing for the establishment of high schools, was approved March 23, 1893, Stats. and Amdts. 1893, p. 268; amended February 15, 1906, Stats. and Amdts. 1907, p. 8, Kerr's Stats, and Amdts. 1906-7, p. 88; repealed March 19, 1909, Stats. and Amdts. 1909, p. 498; present section approved May 18, 1917, Stats. and Amdts. 1917, p. 708. In effect July 27, 1917.

§ 1673. DURATION OF DAILY SESSIONS. No pupil other than one pursuing a vocational course must be kept in school more than six hours per day; and no pupil under eight years of age must be kept in school more than four hours per day. Any violation of the provisions of this section must be treated in the same manner as a violation of the provisions of the preceding section.

History: Enacted March 12, 1872; amended May 19, 1917, Stats. and
Amdts. 1917, p. 619. In effect July 27, 1917.

ARTICLE XII.

TEACHERS.

§ 1696. General duties of teachers.

§ 1696b. Order for text-books by teacher [new].

§ 1697. School month, what constitutes [repealed].

§ 1696. GENERAL DUTIES OF TEACHERS. Every teacher in the public

school must:

1. [File certificate.] Before assuming charge of a school, file his or her certificate with the superintendent of schools; provided, that when any teacher so employed is the holder of a California state normal-school diploma, accompanied by the certificate of the state board of education, as provided in subdivision third of section one thousand five hundred three of the Political Code, an educational or a life diploma of California, upon presentation thereof to the superintendent he shall record the name of said holder in a book provided for that purpose in his office, and the holder of said diploma shall thereupon be absolved from the provisions of this subdivision.

2. [Notify superintendent of opening and closing day of school.] Before taking charge of a school, and one week before closing a term of school, notify the county

superintendent of such fact, naming the day of opening or closing. Boards of education and boards of school trustees must in every case give to the teacher a notice of at least two weeks of their intention to close the term of school under their charge. No superintendent shall draw any requisition for the last month's salary of any teacher until said teacher has filed with him the notice required by this subdivision.

3. [Enforce course of study.] Enforce the course of study, the use of the legally authorized text-books, and the rules and regulations prescribed for schools.

4. [Hold pupils to account for conduct.] Hold pupils to a strict account for their conduct on the way to and from school, on the playgrounds, or during recess; suspend, for good cause, any pupil from the school, and report such suspension to the board of school trustees or city board of education for review. If such action is not sustained by them, the teacher may appeal to the county superintendent, whose decision shall be final.

5. [Keep register.] Keep a state school register, in which shall be left, at the close of the term, a report showing program of recitations, classification and grading of all pupils who have attended school at any time during the school year. The superintendent shall in no case draw a requisition in favor of the teacher until the teacher has filed with him a certificate from the clerk of the board of school trustees to the effect that the provisions of this subdivision have been complied with.

6. [Make annual report.] Make an annual report to the county superintendent at the time and in the manner and on the blanks prescribed by the superintendent of public instruction. Any teacher who shall end any school term before the close of the school year, shall make a report to the county superintendent immediately after the close of such term; and any teacher who may be teaching any school at the end of the school year shall, in his or her annual report, include all statistics for the entire school year, notwithstanding any previous report for a part of the year. Said teacher shall attach to the annual report a certificate showing the number of children attending said school who reside in other districts within the county, together with the names, residence by district and the average daily attendance of said children. The principal of a school of more than one teacher shall combine the separate certificates from the teachers in the school of which he is principal and shall make a certificate to the county superintendent showing the facts set forth in the separate certificates of the teachers. On receiving the certificates mentioned above from any school district under his jurisdiction, the county superintendent shall deduct the average daily attendance of such children, from the total average daily attendance of the district in which they have attended school, and add it to the total average daily attendance of the district or districts in which said children reside; provided, that whenever the consent of the trustees of the district in which such children reside is obtained, as provided elsewhere in this code, the attendance shall be counted in the district in which the pupils attend school unless there shall be filed with the county superintendent of schools on or before the first day of June of the year in which the attendance is to be counted, a written demand of the trustees of the district in which such children reside for the counting of such attendance in the home district, and then only when such demand is approved by the superintendent of schools. The superintendent of schools shall in no case draw a requisition for the salary of any teacher for the last month of the school term, until the report required by this subdivision has been filed, and by him approved.

7. Make such other reports as may be required by the superintendent of public instruction, county superintendent, board of school trustees, or city board of education.

History: Enacted March 12, 1872; amended March 28, 1874, Code Amdts. 1873-4, p. 98; April 7, 1880, Code Amdts. 1880 (Pol. C. pt.), p. 39; March 15, 1887, Stats. and Amdts. 1886-7, p. 130; March 15, 1889, Stats. and Amdts. 1889, p. 190; March 20, 1891, Stats. and Amdts. 1891, p. 161; March 23, 1893, Stats. and Amdts. 1893, p. 255; May 1, 1911, Stats. and Amdts. 1911, p. 1338; May 31, 1917, Stats. and Amdts. 1917, p. 1376. In effect July 30, 1917.

§ 1696b. ORDER FOR TEXT-BOOKS BY TEACHER. Upon closing a term of school, each teacher or principal shall prepare, upon requisition blanks furnished by the superintendent of public instruction, an order for the number of state textbooks estimated to be required for use in the school under his charge at the opening of the ensuing term. Such order shall be a part of the annual report required by subdivision six of section one thousand six hundred ninety-six of the Political Code. The superintendent of schools shall in no case draw a requisition for the salary of any teacher for the last month of the school term until the order required by this section has been filed and by him approved. Orders for additional books may be forwarded at any time on the approval of the county superintendent of schools.

In ordering free text-books, any teacher may order one copy of any series of books for use on the teacher's desk, if not supplied with such book, which copy shall be sent by the superintendent of public instruction free of cost with other school-books.

History: Enactment approved May 18, 1917, Stats. and Amdts. 1917, p. 707. In effect July 27, 1917.

§ 1697. SCHOOL MONTH, WHAT CONSTITUTES [repealed].

History: Enacted March 12, 1872; amended February 20, 1907, Stats. and Amdts. 1907, p. 12, Kerr's Stats. and Amdts. 1906-7, p. 103; repealed May 18, 1917, Stats. and Amdts. 1917, p. 708. In effect July 27, 1917.

ARTICLE XIV.

ESTABLISHMENT AND GOVERNMENT OF HIGH-SCHOOLS AND HIGH-SCHOOL DISTRICTS.

§ 1720. Secondary schools provided for.

§ 1723. Jurisdiction over high-school districts [repealed].

§ 1728. Formation of joint union high-school districts.

§ 1743. Principals of high schools; report of.

§ 1743a. Report of high-school principal.

§ 1750a. Intermediate school course.

§ 1750b. Junior college courses [new].

§ 1750c. Special day and evening classes [new].

§ 1720. SECONDARY SCHOOLS PROVIDED FOR. The secondary schools of the state shall be designated as high schools, technical schools, and junior colleges. High schools may be established and high-school districts formed and organized in accordance with the provisions of this article. Whenever any high-school district is so formed and organized the governing body thereof shall establish and maintain one or more high schools, technical schools, or junior colleges therein.

History: Enactment approved March 19, 1909, Stats. and Amdts. 1909, p. 474; amended May 14, 1917, Stats. and Amdts. 1917, p. 463. In effect July 27, 1917.

§ 1723. JURISDICTION OVER HIGH-SCHOOL DISTRICTS [repealed]. History: Enactment approved March 19, 1909, Stats. and Amdts. 1909, p. 475; repealed May 18, 1917, Stats. and Amdts. 1917, p. 713. In effect July 27, 1917.

§ 1728. FORMATION OF JOINT UNION HIGH-SCHOOL DISTRICTS. Whenever a majority of the registered electors, residing in each of two or more contiguous school districts, having in the aggregate at least one hundred pupils in average daily attendance in the elementary schools of such districts, shall unite in a petition to the superintendent of schools of the county who would have jurisdiction over the