29.

Orders to fur- He will preserve as vouchers all orders given by Commanding Officers of nish articles to receiving-vessels to furnish clothing or small-stores to persons indebted to those in debt to the United States.

be preserved.

30.

Paymaster in In foreign ports where a Pay Officer in charge of stores is stationed, charge of stores to whether on shore or on board a stationary store-ship, all requisitions for stores will be made upon him, and all purchases in open market will be made by him, unless otherwise directed by the Commander-in-Chief of the squadron,

make all

chages.

pur

Water to be in

31.

When water is purchased for drinking and cooking purposes, it will be voiced to the de- invoiced to the Pay Officer of the vessel requiring it as provisions, and will partment issuing it. be receipted for by him. The Pay Officer will then invoice it to the officer having charge of, and issuing, the water; taking receipt for the number of gallons. When water is required for other purposes, it will be invoiced to the officer requiring the same, who will receipt for it, and the bills will be made out under the appropriate Bureau and appropriation.

Pay Officer of

32.

In the absence of the Paymaster of the fleet, and when in foreign ports the vessel will where there is no Pay Officer in charge, on shore, or on board of a stationary make purchases in absence, &c. store-ship, the Pay Officer of the vessel will make all necessary purchases, subject to the approval of the Commanding Officer.

clerks and yeomen not to per

33.

Paymasters' The clerks and yeomen of the Pay Department are not to be required to perform clerical services for any other than the Pay Officer of the vessel form other cleri- except in cases of emergency, to be approved by the Commanding Officer. cal labor, except.

Negotiating bills of exchange.

34.

In the absence of the Paymaster of the fleet, if, in the opinion of the Commanding Officer, a delay would be detrimental, he will draw and negotiate bills of exchange in conformity with the following instructions of the Secretary of the Navy:

I. When a Pay Officer is ordered to a vessel going to or already on a for eign station, it becomes his duty before leaving the United States to make written application to the Secretary of the Navy for authority to draw bills of exchange to supply himself with funds for disbursement during his cruise. No Pay Officer will draw bills without such express authority, and, if not a Paymaster of the Fleet, only in cases of absolute necessity, and when absent from that officer.

II. When such authority is granted, the Pay Officer will be duly notified by the Secretary, who will also direct the Paymaster-General to forward to him a book containing blank sets of bills, with a sufficient supply of Paymaster's forms, numbers 18, 19, and 20, for the letters of advice and accounts of sale.

III. The bills will be kept in the Pay Officer's exclusive possession, and all remaining at the end of the cruise will be returned immediately to the Paymaster-General, with a letter stating the exact number of blank sets. If relieved during the cruise, he will take a receipt from his successor, and make a similar report to the Paymaster-General.

IV. Immediately upon receiving authority to draw bills, the Pay Officer must forward to the Secretary of the Navy specimens of the official signatures, on a separate blank sheet, of himself and of the Commanding Officer in whose name he is required to draw, to be transmitted by the Secretary to the foreign agents of the Department.

V. Bills must invariably be made payable to the order of the Commander-in-Chief of the station if the vessel is a flag-ship, or of the Commanding

Officer of the vessel, if otherwise; and his indorsement on the bills is taken as his approval of the Pay Officer's act in drawing them.

VI. When a Pay Officer needs funds for which he will have to draw exchange, he will inform the indorsing officer of the fact, and upon receiving his sanction for the amount he will, before selling his bills, make such diligent inquiry of bankers, merchants, or others as will enable him to negotiate them upon the best terms as to rates, kind of money, and their time and place of payment.

VII. Bills will be drawn either upon the foreign financial agents of the Navy Department, or upon the Secretary of the Navy, and also at such time after sight as may be most advantageous to the Government, and as many different sets may be drawn to make up the whole sum required as may be most easily negotiated, or as the purchaser or purchasers may request for their accommodation.

VIII. Before leaving a port, the Pay Officer should fully inform himself of the probable course of exchange and facilities for drawing in the places he expects to visit, and also as to the coins usually current there, so that he may know when and where to draw most favorably, and may avoid, as far as possible, taking away from a port, either at home or abroad, coin which can only be used elsewhere at a disadvantage.

IX. Immediately after negotiating any bill of exchange, the Pay Officer is required to transmit to the Secretary of the Navy letters of advice, according to form 18, of which the original (so marked) is to be forwarded through the proper channels by the earliest opportunity, and the duplicate (also marked) similarly forwarded by the next succeeding mail. When the bills are drawn upon the Secretary, a triplicate letter should also accompany each different set.

X. Whenever bills are drawn upon the foreign agents, letters of advice to them, according to form 19, must also be made in duplicate for each set, of which the original is to accompany the bills, and the duplicate to be sent direct by the earliest opportunity.

XI. For each series of bills an account of sale and letter of advice, according to form 20, must be forwarded to the Fourth Auditor as soon as the bills are negotiated, and the account of sale must include the certificate of two respectable merchants resident at the place where the bills were sold, stating the current rates of exchange at that time upon London and New York, and in what money payable.

XII. Unless otherwise especially directed, all bills of exchange must be drawn under the appropriation for "Pay of the Navy" for the current fiscal

year.

XIII. The following instructions, suggested by the accounting-officers of the Treasury, as to the proper mode of accounting for and paying out the proceeds of bills of exchange, will hereafter be strictly observed by the Pay Officers of the Navy:

XIV. When bills are made payable in United States money, or are sold for such otherwise than at par, the entries in the cash-accounts should be so made as to show not only the net amount actually received by the Pay Officer, but also the face-value, and premium obtained or discount charged thereon.

Examples. First. "Proceeds of bill No. 10 for $10,000, U. S. coin, at 5 per cent. premium $10,500."

Second. "Proceeds of bill No. 12 for $10,000, U. S. coin, at 3 per cent. discount=$9,700."

XV. When bills are drawn, or the proceeds thereof are received in foreign money, the entries in the cash-accounts should show the amount and kind of money drawn for, and the amount and kind of money received, both at its local current value as to the money drawn for, and its legal value in United States money, as thus:

"Proceeds of bill No. 20 for £1,000 Os. Od., sterling, received in francs, at fr. 24.85 per £24,850 francs, at 19 cts. $4,796.05." XVI. The legal value in United States money of the standard foreign coins is required by law to be annually proclaimed by the Secretary of the

An Assistant

Treasury on the first day of January, and Pay Officers are hereby required to keep themselves supplied, by timely application to the Fourth Auditor, with the official circulars containing this information.

XVII. All foreign coins received will be charged to and paid out by Pay Officers at the legal valuation thus fixed, without regard to its local valuation where received or paid out.

35.

Wherever there is an Assistant Paymaster on duty as an assistant to a Paymaster on duty Paymaster, he will be considered in the place of a clerk or writer, and the with a Paymaster. clerical force will be reduced accordingly.

Deportment expected to be.

Divine service.

Instruction in religion.

&c.

SECTION XIII.-Chaplain.

1.

A clergyman appointed Chaplain in the Navy of the United States must consider it his duty that the morality of his conduct and the propriety of his manners are such as become his sacred office, and such as shall inspire officers and crews with reverence and respect toward him.

2.

He will perform Divine service and offer prayers at such times as the Commanding Officer may designate.

3.

He is to instruct, in the principles of the Christian religion, the boys and such other persons as the Commander of the vessel may commit to his care.

4.

Superintend in- Should there be no Schoolmaster on board, he is to apply to the Commandstruction of boys, ing Officer to detail an intelligent and well-disposed person of the crew to instruct, under his direction, the boys and others desiring it, belonging to the vessel, in reading, writing, and the elementary rules of arithmetic, and he is frequently to examine the boys and report from time to time to the Commanding Officer those whom he may find to be diligent and well-disposed, in order that they may be suitably encouraged and rewarded.

Visiting the sick.

5.

He is, with the consent of the senior Medical Officer, to visit the sick and afford them consolation.

Reports.

6.

He is to make to his Commanding Officer, on the first of January, April, July, and October, a report of the duties performed by him during the previous three months, and also a similar condensed report at the end of the cruise.

General orders

served.

CHAPTER VI.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS.

1.

All officers are directed to preserve a copy of each general order and cirand circulars of cular issued by the Navy Department. Copies of these will be sent by the the Navy Depart- Department to the Commanding Officers of squadrons and stations, for disment to be pre-tribution to those under their command, and when these are not received the officer will make application for them to the Chief of Staff, if abroad, or to the Commandant of the station on which he is serving, if within the United States. Officers not on duty will make application for them to the Navy Department.

2.

If any person in the Navy considers himself oppressed by his superior, Persons considor observes in him any misconduct, he is not to fail in his respect to him, ering themselves but is to represent such oppression or misconduct to the proper authority representation to aggrieved to make But he will be held accountable if his representations should be found vexa- the proper autious, frivolous, or false.

3.

thority.

edge of fraud, &c.

If any person has knowledge of any fraud, collusion, or improper conduct Report of knowlon the part of any agent, contractor, or person employed in matters connected with the naval service, he will report the same, in writing, to the proper authority, specifying the particular acts of misconduct and the means of proving the same. No anonymous correspondence will ever be

noticed.

4.

under which an

If an officer receives an order from a superior contradicting one from If an order should another superior, or contrary to any instructions or orders he has received be received confrom the Department, he will represent the facts in writing to such superior. tradicting the one If, after such representation, the superior shall insist upon the execution of officer is acting. his order, it is to be obeyed, and the officer receiving and executing it is to report the circumstances to the one from whom he received the original order.

5.

cer divert another

Every officer who shall divert another from any service upon which he Should an offi. has been ordered by a common superior, or require him to act con- from the service trary to the orders of such superior, or interfere with those under his com- on which he has mand, must show to the Department, or to the officer under whose command been sent. he may be acting, that the public interest_required the procedure.

All orders countermanding a written order must be given in writing.

6

Exchange of duties not permitted. Commissioned

No person shall, without the authority of his superior or Commanding Officer, absent himself from his duties or exchange with another for their performance. All commissioned officers of the Navy attached to a vessel of war, when desiring leave from the ship, shall obtain the required permission officers obtain from the Commanding Officer, and upon their return report the same to him leave from Comthrough the Officer of the Deck.

7.

manding Officer.

Boats shall not be regarded as being on detached duty while engaged in Boats not rethe ordinary service of the ship. Unless specially fitted for an expedi- garded as on detached dutyunless. tion, or separated from the ship, they will be regarded as attached to her, and no officer in such cases shall assume authority as on detached duty.

8.

No deviation shall be made from the directions of the Navy Department Noalteration perin relation to the construction, repair, arrangement, armament, or equipment mitted in vessels unless sanctioned of vessels without its previous sanction, or, in cases of absolute necessity by. occurring abroad, of the Commander-in-Chief, or of the senior officer present, and then the nature of the alteration, repairs, and costs is to be reported to the Department at the earliest moment. Nor shall any change be made in the fixtures or furniture of officers' apartments.

9.

Every officer is to avoid all unnecessary expenditure of public money or stores, and, as far as may be in his power, to prevent the same in others, and to encourage the strictest economy consistent with the interests of the service. All persons will be held answerable for any wasteful or improper expense that they may direct, authorize, or knowingly permit.

Responsibility of expenditure of public money and

stores.

Where a robbery

occurs.

Public stores not to be appropriated to private use.

Store-rooms not

to be used for.

Supplies may be

sels in distress.

10.

In case of robbery, or on the discovery of the loss of money or other public property, the person responsible for its custody will immediately report the occurrence to the senior officer present, who will order a board of three officers to investigate the case, and to report fully all the circumstances connected therewith, which report will be forwarded to the Secretary of the Navy.

11.

No article of public stores is ever to be appropriated to the private use of any person not in distress without the consent of the Navy Department or the order of the senior officer present, who will give to the Department information of every case that may occur, together with the attending circumstances, and he will be careful to take the best security for indemnity to the Government.

12.

No store-room, office, or issuing-room is to be used for any purpose other than for the public service for which it is allotted, nor are any articles belonging to individuals to be kept in them.

13.

Cash

Merchant-vessels in distress, or remote from supplies, may be furnished furnished to ves- with such as can be spared, but receipts in triplicate are to be taken, the original of which is to be retained by the officer from whose department the stores or provisions have been furnished, and the duplicate and triplicate forwarded, by different opportunities, to the Secretary of the Navy. payments may be received if practicable; if otherwise, a bill of exchange must be obtained, to be drawn by the master on the owners, payable to the order of the Secretary of the Navy, and its first and second forwarded by different opportunities; the address of the owners to be stated, and the value of the provisions and stores is to be calculated at their invoice prices. In cases of extreme distress, gratuitous assistance is to be offered. Supplies nished to foreign will be furnished to foreign ships of war when requested, so far as can be spared, proper receipts being taken from the commander of the foreign ship and forwarded as above directed. In any case of thus furnishing stores or provisions, Commanding Officers will give written orders to the officers from whose departments they are to be issued.

Supplies

ships of war.

fur

14.

Repairs on merMechanics on board vessels on foreign stations may repair vessels of the chant-vessels by mechanics of the merchant-service of the United States in cases where a refusal to do so would Navy. impose injurious delays or greatly increase their expenses. For their services they shall receive such compensation as their Commanding Officer may regard fair and equitable. No officer in the Navy is ever to claim or receive any compensation for such services. Assistance may be rendered to foreign vessels on similar terms by permission of the senior officer.

No person in the Navy is to be interested in contracts.

Lights and fires.

15.

All persons employed in the Navy are prohibited from having any interest whatever in purchases or contracts for supplies for the Navy, or in any works pertaining to it, nor shall they receive, directly or indirectly, any emolument or gratuity from any contractor or other person furnishing supplies, nor act as agent or attorney for any such persons.

16.

All lights and fires, except those specially allowed by the Commanding Officer, or the lights used in the wardroom, steerages, and warrant-officers' apartment, shall be extinguished at tattoo. The wardroom-lights shall be extinguished at 10 p. m., and all others at 9 p. m., unless otherwise allowed in special cases. No light shall be left unattended in any apartment unless