gerous in April and May, when south winds prevail. Serious loss of life and property has sometimes been occasioned by the overflow of the river. In 1837, sixty-nine villages are stated to have been ruined, the majority of them being entirely swept away, 2,204 houses destroyed, 112 lives lost, and agricultural stock and property carried off to the value of 2,19,622 7 Bombay, Rev. rupees, or 21,9627.7 Disp. 11 Dec. 1839. 105, 216. TARA, in the Rajpoot state of Jodhpoor, a village on the Boileau, Rajwara, route from Pokhurn to Balmeer, and 29 miles N. of the latter. The road in this part of the route is good, lying over a level though barren country. Lat. 26° 8', long. 71° 12'. TARA, in the British district of Moradabad, lieutenant- E.I.C. Ms. Doc. governorship of the North-West Provinces, a village on the route from the town of Moradabad to Almora, and 30 miles N. of the former. The road is bad for wheeled carriages, and passes over a low, level country, partially cultivated. Lat. 29° 12', long. 79°. TARA.-See CHILLAHTARA. Garden, Tables of 1 E.I.C. Ms. Doc. E.I.C. Trigon. Thornton, Brit. Empire in India, v. 290. Fraser, Journ. to Himalaya, 37 Garden, Tables of Routes, 172, 220 TARAGARH,1 in the hill state of Hindoor, a hill fort on the ridge which, rising from the left bank of the Sutlej, has a Surv. south-easterly direction until it joins the Sub-Himalaya. During the Goorkha war, in the operations preparatory to the investment of Malown, Lieutenant Lawtie succeeded, after vast toil and perseverance, in bringing battering-guns over the rugged surface; and the defences being quickly demolished, the Goorkha garrison evacuated2 the fort, which was found to be one of the strongest places in the country. Distant N.W. from Calcutta 1,0903 miles. Lat. 31° 10', long. 76° 50'. TARA GHAT,1 in the British district of Mirzapoor, lieute-E.I.C. Ms. Doc. nant-governorship of the North-West Provinces, a pass on the route from the town of Mirzapoor to Rewa, and six miles S.W. of the former. Here an excellent road, made under the super- 2 As. Res. xviii. intendence of British engineers, crosses the brow of the Tara, 24 Franklin, on a low range of sandstone hills rising above the alluvial valley of the Ganges, and forming in that direction the first or lowest buttress of the succession of plateaus constituting the elevated tract of Bhogelcund. Elevation of the crest above the sea 5103 feet. Lat. 25° 5', long. 82° 34'. As. Journ. xvii. 1st series, Jan. June, p. 21. Geology of Bun delkhand. Jacquemont, Franklin, ut Geol. Section supra, 42; also from Mirzapur to Tendukaira. TARAGURH, in the Baree Dooab division of the Punjab, E.I.C. Ms. Doc. a town situated on the right bank of the Chakki river, 110 E.I.C. Ms. Doc. 1 E.I.C. Ms. Doc. 2 Horsburgh, 3 Duff, Hist. of Mahrattas, i. 545. E.I.C. Ms. Doc. E.I.C. Ms. Doc. 1 E.I.C. Ms. Doc. of Routes, 74. miles N.E. by E. of the town of Lahore. Lat. 32° 25', long. 75° 59'. TARAGURH.-See AJMERE. TARAKOTE.-A town in the British district of Cuttack, presidency of Bengal, 42 miles N.E. by N. of Cuttack. Lat. 20° 59′, long. 86° 15'. TARAPOOR,' in the collectorate of Tannah, presidency of Bombay, a town situate on the south side of a small bay, and north-west of a mountain called the Peak of Terrapore, which is surmounted by rugged rocks, resembling at a distance a huge fortress. North-west of the town is anchorage, but not very good, the bottom being full of rocks. It was strongly fortified by the Portuguese: in 1739 it was stormed by the Mahrattas, who, having blown up the defences by mines, encountered a desperate resistance until nearly the whole garrison was slaughtered, the few who remained asking and receiving quarter. Distant N. from Bombay 60 miles. Lat. 19° 50', long. 72° 45'. TARAPOOR, in the British district of Meerut, lieutenantgovernorship of the North-West Provinces, a town on the route from Meerut to Bijnour, 27 miles N.E. by E. of the former. Lat. 29° 14', long. 78° 8'. TARAPOOR.-A town in the British district of Sholapoor, presidency of Bombay, 27 miles W. of Sholapoor. Lat. 17° 40', long. 75° 33'. TARECHER,' in Bundlecund, a small town in the district 3 Garden, Tables of Tehree, on the route from Banda to Gwalior, 1102 miles W. of former, 94 S.E. of latter. It has a bazar, and supplies may be procured; but water, which is from a tank and wells, is rather scarce. Lat. 25° 25', long. 78° 58'. E.I.C. Ms. Doc. F.I.C. Ms. Doc. Journ. As. Soc. - Mackeson, Journ. of Wade's TARGAON.-A town in the British province of Sattara, presidency of Bombay, 16 miles S.E. of Sattara. Lat. 17° 30', long. 74° 13'. TARIWALA, in Sirhind, in the British district of FerozBeng. 1837, p. 175 pore, a village situate on the left bank of the Sutlej, which at this point divides itself into two channels, the main stream Voyage down the making a great circuit to the north-west, and sending a branch to the left, nearly west; thus insulating a space of ground about eight miles long and two wide. Tariwala is distant N.W. from Calcutta 1,1452 miles. Lat. 31° 2′, long. 75° 14'. Sutlej. 2 Garden, Tables of Routes, 172. TARKAGHAT.-A town in the native state of Nepal, E.I.C. Ms. Doc. situate on the right bank of the Marachangdi river, and 71 miles W.N.W. from Khatmandoo. Lat. 28°, long. 84° 13'. TARLA.-A town in the British province of Sattara, pre- E.I.C. Ms. Doc. sidency of Bombay, 13 miles S. of Sattara. Lat. 17° 30′, long. 74° 1'. TARLA.—A town in the native state of Kolapoor, 23 miles E.I.C. Ms. Doc. S.W. from Kolapoor, and 53 miles N.W. from Belgaum. Lat. 16° 27', long. 74° 4′. TAROLI.-A town in the native state of Jhansee, territory of Bundelkund, situate on the right bank of the Betwa river, and 26 miles E.N.E. from Jhansee. Lat. 25° 34', long. 79° 3'. TAROOR.-A town in the native state of Hyderabad, or E.I.C. Ms. Doc. dominions of the Nizam, situate on the left bank of the Godavery river, and 150 miles N.E. by E. from Hyderabad. Lat. 18° 39', long. 80° 20'. TARSA, in the north-east of the Punjaub, a town in the E.I.C. Ms. Doc. British district of Lahoul, presidency of Bengal, 72 miles N.E. of Kangra. Lat. 32° 43', long. 77° 13'. TASGAON.-A town in the British district of Belgaum, pre- E.I.C. Ms. Doc. sidency of Bombay, 85 miles N. of Belgaum. This town was the chief place of a jaghire of the same name, which a short time since lapsed to the British government.2 Lat. 17° 2', long. Disp. 17 April, 71° 40'. 2 Bombay Pol. 1850. Id. 5 April, 1854. TASSANGSEE.-A town in the native state of Bhotan, E.I.C. Ms. Doc. situate on the right bank of a branch of the Monas river, and 145 miles N.W. by N. from Durrung. Lat. 27° 34', long. 91° 17'. TASSISUDEN.-A town with citadel in the native state of E.I.C. Ms. Doc. Bhotan, situate on the right bank of the Goddada river, and 127 miles N.W. from Goalpara. Tassisuden is the capital of Bhootan, and the residence of the Deb rajah. Lat. 27° 30', long. 89° 22′. TATARPOOR, in the British district of Aligurh, lieutenantgovernorship of the North-West Provinces, a village on the route from the city of Agra to Bareilly, and 421 miles N.E. of Garden, Tables the former. The road in this part of the route is good, the country well wooded and cultivated. Lat. 27° 34', long. 78° 33'. TATTA, in Sinde, a town formerly very famous, but now of Routes, 4. Report on the Burnes, iii. 34. Masson, i. 468. 3 Burnes, Pers. Narr. 12. Carless, 30. 4 Pott. 347. Macmurdo, in Jour. of As. Soc. Beog. 1834, p. 234. 128. 129. 6 Oxus, 20. Carless, Official much decayed,' is situated about three miles west of the right or western bank of the Indus, and four miles above the point where the Buggaur or western, and the Sata or eastern, branches of the river separate. Its site is consequently close to the vertex of the delta of the Indus, the channel of which is here about a mile and a quarter wide, with a muddy stream, in the low season occupying only a third of this space. The present city is built on a slight eminence, composed of the rubbish of former buildings, in an alluvial valley at the foot of the Mukali hills. It is in consequence exceedingly unhealthy. The British troops stationed here in 1839 suffered dreadful loss 2 Kennedy, ii. 217. from diseases, resulting from the pestilential air and bad water, which last is not only unwholesome, but fetid and offensive to the senses.3 The town appears to have been formerly insulated Wood, in App. to by the water of the Indus, and is still nearly so during the season of inundation: when this passes away, it leaves numerous stagnant pools which infect the air. Dr. Burnes' states that it was once thirty miles in circuit, judging no doubt from the Mission to Sinde, vast space in the vicinity overspread by tombs and ruins; but these are with much probability considered by Wood to be the relics of successive cities, built on various but contiguous sites, to avoid the ravages, or take advantage of the navigation, of the shifting currents of the Indus. These extensive ruins are scattered from Peer Puttah, about ten miles south of Tatta, to Sami-Nuggur, three miles north-west of it. The ruins of the great fortress of Kulancote show it to have been constructed with much labour and skill, in a massive style of building. "The vast cemetery of six square miles," observes Kennedy,7" may not contain less than a million of tombs-a rude guess; but the area would admit of four millions." In these ruins the masonry and carving, both in brick and stone, display great taste, skill, and industry; the bricks especially are of the finest sort, nearly equalling porcelain. Kennedy observes,8 8 "The finest-chiselled stone could not surpass the sharpness of edge and angle, and accuracy of form." Tatta, viewed at some distance from the outside, presents a very striking and picturesque appearance, as its lofty houses rise over the numerous acacias and other trees, everywhere interspersed, and which, says Kennedy," "formed altogether as fine a picture of city scenery as I remember to have seen in India." 7 i. 87. 6 i. 85. 9 i. 80. But the illusion is dissipated on entering the town, where the houses are everywhere falling into ruin, to which they are prone, being constructed for the most part of a timber frame 1 work, on the outside of which are nailed laths, which are Pott. 353. plastered over with mud of a grey colour, so as when new to have the appearance of a solid wall of masonry. These structures are sometimes three or four stories high, and covered with flat roofs of earth. From the fragility of the materials, they can last but a short time; and this work of ruin is continually in progress in the town. All the houses are surmounted by badgeers, a sort of ventilator, built somewhat in the shape 2 Id. 354. of a windsail, and conveying, even in the most sultry weather, a current of cool and refreshing air. The streets are deserted, the bazars in ruins, and everything indicates depression and poverty the inhabitants are dirty, squalid, and of unhealthy appearance. The only building worth notice is the brickbuilt mosque of Shah Jehan, itself crumbling into ruins. Of Pott. 353. the decayed manufactures of Tatta, the principal is that of Kennedy, i. 81. loongees, a thick, rich, and variegated fabric, having a warp of Wood, App. to Carless, 30. Wood, Oxus, 18. Outram. 18. silk and a woof of cotton,4 with (in the more costly kinds) 4 Burnes, Report much gold thread interwoven. The silk is imported from Tatta, 10. on Commerce of Persia, Kabool, and Turkestan; the cotton from Eastern India. * New Account of the East Indies. Edinburgh, 1727, 8vo. ; London, 1744, 8vo. p. 352. + Pottinger' mentions that Hamilton states that the citadel of Tatta 1 could contain 50,000 men and horses. This is indeed the number, as given in the London reprint of his work (1774),2 but in the original Edinburgh 2 i. 116. edition (1727),3 the number is stated with more probability at 5,000. 3 i. 115. |