such port, no person shall be required by the Mexican Authorities, whether General or State, to pay any tax, duty or contribution upon any such exportation, or in any manner to account for the same to the said Authorities. ARTICLE XX. Through considertion for the interests of commerce generally, it is agreed, that if less than sixty days should elapse between the date of the signature of this treaty and the restoration of the CustomHouses, conformably with the stipulation in the third Article, in such case, all merchandise, effects and property whatsoever, arriving at the Mexican ports after the restoration of the said Custom Houses, and previously to the expiration of sixty days after the day of the signature of this treaty, shall be admitted to entry; and no other duties shall be levied thereon than the duties established by the tariff found in force at such Custom Houses at the time of the restoration of the same. And to all such merchandise, effects and property, the rules established by the preceding Article shall apply ARTICLE XXI. If unhappily any disagreement should hereafter arise between the Governments of the two Republics, whether with respect to the interpretation of any stipula tion in this treaty, or with respect to any other particular concerning the political or commercial relations of the two Nations, the said Governments, in the name of those Nations, do promise to each other, that they will endeavour, in the most sincere and earnest manner, to settle the differences so arising, and to preserve the state of peace and friendship, in which the two countries are now placing themselves: using, for this end, mutual representations and pacific negotiations. And if, by these means, they should not be enabled to come to an agreement, a resort shall not, on this account, be had to reprisals, aggression or hostility of any kind, by the one Republic against the other, until the Government of that which deems itself aggrieved, shall have maturely considered, in the spirit of peace and good neighborship, whether it would not be better that such difference should be settled by the arbitration of Commissioners appointed on each side, or by that of a friendly nation. And should such course be proposed by either party, it shall be acceded to by the other, unless deemed by it altogether incompatible with the nature of the difference, or the circumstances of the case. 106933-22-PT 2-4 mexicano, no se exigirá á ninguna persona por las autoridades de México, ya dependan del Gobierno general, ya de algun estado, que pague ningun impuesto, alcabala ó derecho por la indicada exportacion, ni sobre ella podrá exigírsele por las dichas autoridades cuenta alguna. ARTÍCULO XX. Por consideracion á los intereses del del comercio de todas las naciones, queda convenido que si pasaren ménos de sesenta dias desde la fecha de la firma de este tratado hasta que se haga la devolucion de las aduanas marítimas, segun lo estipulado en el artículo tercero; todos los efectos, mercancías, y propiedades que lleguen á los puertos mexicanos desde el dia en que se verifique la devolucion de las dichas aduanas hasta que se completen sesenta dias contados desde la fecha de la firma del presente tratado, se admitirán no pagando otros derechos que los establecidos en la tarifa que esté vigente en las expresadas aduanas al tiempo de su devolucion, y se extenderán á dichos efectos, mercancías, y propiedades las mismas reglas establecidas en el artículo anterior. ARTÍCULO XXI. Si desgraciadamente en el tiempo futuro se suscitare algun punto de desacuerdo entre los gobiernos de las dos Repúblicas, bien sea sobre la inteligencia de alguna estipulacion de este tratado, bien sobre cualquiera otra materia de las relaciones políticas ó comerciales de las dos naciones, los mismos Gobiernos, á nombre de ellas, se comprometen á procurar de la manera mas sincera y empeñosa á llanar las diferencias que se presenten y conservar el estado de paz y amistad en que ahora se ponen los dos países, usando al efecto de representaciones mútuas y de negociaciones pacíficas. Y si por estos medios no se lograre todavía ponerse de acuerdo, no por eso se apelará á represalia, agresion ni hostilidad de ningun género de una República contra otra, hasta que el Gobierno de la que se crea agraviada haya considerado maduramente y en espíritu de paz y buena vecindad, si no seria mejor que la diferencia se terminara por un arbitramento de comisarios nombrados por ambas partes, ó de una nacion amiga. Y si tal medio fuere propuesto por cualquiera de las dos partes, la otra accederá á él, á no ser que lo juzgue absolutamente incompatible con la naturaleza y circunstancias del caso. ARTICLE XXII. If (which is not to be expected, and which God forbid!) war should unhappily break out between the two Republics, they do now, with a view to such calamity, solemnly pledge themselves to each other and to the world, to observe the following rules: absolutely, where the nature of the subject permits, and as closely as possible in all cases where such absolute observance shall be impossible. I. The merchants of either Republic, then residing in the other, shall be allowed to remain twelve months (for those dwelling in the interior) and six months (for those dwelling at the seaports) to collect their debts and settle their affairs; during which periods they shall enjoy the same protection, and be on the same footing, in all respects, as the citizens or subjects of the most friendly nations; and, at the expiration thereof, or at any time before, they shall have full liberty to depart, carrying off all their effects, without molestation or hinderance: conforming therein to the same laws, which the citizens or subjects of the most friendly nations are required to conform to. Upon the entrance of the armies of either nation into the territories of the other, women and children, ecclesiastics, scholars of every faculty, cultivators of the earth, merchants, artisans, manufacturers, and fishermen, unarmed and inhabiting unfortified towns, villages or places, and in general all persons whose occupations are for the common subsistence and benefit of mankind, shall be allowed to continue their respective employments, unmolested in their persons. Nor shall their houses or goods be burnt, or otherwise destroyed; nor their cattle taken, nor their fields wasted, by the armed force, into whose power, by the events of war, they may happen to fall; but if the necessity arise to take anything from them for the use of such armed force, the same shall be paid for at an equitable price. All churches, hospitals, schools, colleges, libraries, and other establishments for charitable and beneficent purposes, shall be respected, and all persons connected with the same protected in the discharge of their duties and the pursuit of their vocations. II. In order that the fate of prisoners of war may be alleviated, all such practices as those of sending them into distant, inclement or unwholesome districts, or crowding them into close and noxious places, shall be studiously avoided. They shall not be confined in dungeons, prison-ships, or prisons; nor be put in ARTÍCULO XXII. Si (lo que no es de esperarse, y Dios no permita) desgraciadamente se suscitare guerra entre las dos Repúblicas, éstas para el caso de tal calamidad se comprometen ahora solemnemente, ante sí mismas y ante el mundo, á observar las reglas siguientes de una manera absoluta, si la naturaleza del objeto á que se contraen lo permite; y tan estrictamente como sea dable en todos los casos en que la absoluta observancia de ellas fuere imposible: I. Los comerciantes de cada una de las dos Repúblicas que á la sazon residan en territorio de la otra, podrán permanecer doce meses los que residan en el interior, y seis meses los que residan en los puertos, para recoger sus deudas y arreglar sus negocios; durante estos plazos disfrutarán la misma proteccion, y estarán sobre el mismo pié en todos respectos que los ciudadanos ó súbditos de las naciones mas amigas; y al expirar el término, ó ántes de él, tendrán completa libertad para salir y llevar todos sus efectos sin molestia ó embarazo, sujetándose en este particular á las mismas leyes á que estén sujetos y deban arreglarse los ciudadanos ó súbditos de las naciones mas amigas. Cuando los ejércitos de una de las dos naciones entren en territorios de la otra, las mujeres y niños, los eclesiásticos, los estudiantes de cualquier facultad, los labradores, comerciantes, artesanos, manufactureros y pescadores que estén desarmados y residan en ciudades, pueblos ó lugares no fortificados, y en genral todas las personas cuya ocupacion sirva para la comun subsistencia y beneficio del género humano, podrán continuar en sus ejercicios, sin que sus personas sean molestadas. No serán incendiadas sus casas ó bienes, ó destruidos de otra manera; ni serán tomados sus ganados, ni devastados sus campos por la fuerza armada en cuyo poder puedan venir á caer por los acontecimientos de la guerra; pero si hubiere necesidad de tomarles alguna cosa para el uso de la misma fuerza armada, se les pagará lo tomado á un precio justo. Todas las iglesias, hospitales, escuelas, colegios, librerías, y demas establecimientos de caridad y beneficencia serán respetados; y todas las personas que dependan de los mismos serán protegidas en el desempeño de sus deberes y en la continuacion de sus profesiones. 2. Para aliviar la suerte de los prisioneros de guerra, se evitarán cuidadesamente las prácticas de enviarlos á distritos distantes, inclementes ó malsanos, ó de aglomerarlos en lugares estrechos y enfermizos. No se confinarán en calabozos, prisiones ní pontones; no se les aherrojará ni se les atará, ni se les impedirá de ningun irons, or bound, or otherwise restrained in the use of their limbs. The officers shall enjoy liberty on their paroles, within convenient districts, and have comfortable quarters: and the common soldier shall be disposed in cantonments, open and extensive enough for air and exercise, and lodged in barracks as roomy and good as are provided by the party in whose power they are for it's own troops. But, if any officer shall break his parole by leaving the district so assigned him, or any other prisoner shall escape from the limits of his cantonment. after they shall have been designated to him, such individual, officer or other prisoner, shall forfeit so much of the benefit of this article as provides for his liberty on parole or in cantonment. And if any officer so breaking his parole, or any common soldier so escaping from the limits assigned him, shall afterwards be found in arms, previously to his being regularly exchanged, the person so offending shall be dealt with according to the established laws of war. The officers shall be daily furnished by the party in whose power they are, with as many rations, and of the same articles as are allowed either in kind or by commutation, to officers of equal rank in it's own army; and all others shall be daily furnished with such ration as is allowed to a common soldier in its' own service: the value of all which supplies shall, at the close of the war, or at periods to be agreed upon between the respective commanders, be paid by the other party on a mutual adjustment of accounts for the subsistence of prisoners; and such accounts shall not be mingled with or set off against any others, nor the balance due on them be withheld, as a compensation or reprisal for any cause whatever, real or pretended. Each party shall be allowed to keep a commissary of prisoners, appointed by itself, with every cantonment of prisoners, in possession of the other: which commissary shall see the prisoners as often as he pleases; shall be allowed to receive, exempt from all duties or taxes, and to distribute whatever comforts may be sent to them by their friends; and shall be free to transmit his reports in open letters to the party by whom he is employed. And it is declared that neither the pretence that war dissolves all treaties, nor any other whatever shall be considered as annulling or suspending the solemn covenant contained in this article. On the contrary, the state of war is precisely that for which it is provided; and during which it's stipulations are to be as sacredly observed as the most acknowledged obligations under the law of nature or nations. otro modo el uso de sus miembros. Los oficiales que darán en libertad bajo, su palabra de honor, dentro de distritos convenientes, y tendrán alojamientos cómodos, y los soldados rasos se colocarán en acantonamientos bastante despejados y extensos para la ventilacion y el ejercicio, y se alojarán en cuarteles tan amplios y cómodos como los que use para sus propias tropas la parte que los tenga en su poder. Pero si algun oficial faltare á su palabra, saliendo del distrito que se le ha señalado; ó algun otro prisionero se fugare de los límites de su acantonamiento despues que estos se le hayan fijado, tal oficial ó prisionero perderá el beneficio del presente artículo por lo que mira á su libertad bajo su palabra ó en acantonamiento. Y si algun oficial faltando así á su palabra, ó algun soldado raso saliendo de los límites que se le han asignado fuere encontrado despues con las armas en la mano antes de ser debidamente cangeado, tal persona en esta actitud ofensiva será tratada conforme á las leyes comunes de la guerra. A los oficiales se proveerá diariamente por la parte en cuyo poder estén, de tantas raciones compuestas de los mismos artículos como las que gozan en especie ó en equivalente los oficiales de la misma graduacion en su propio ejército: á todos los demas prisioneros se proveerá diariamente de una racion semejante á la que se ministra al soldado raso en su propio servicio: el valor de todas estas suministraciones se pagará por la otra parte al concluirse la guerra, ó en los períodos que se convengan entre sus respectivos comandantes, precediendo una mútua liquidacion de las cuentas que se lleven del mantenimiento de prisioneros: y tales cuentas no se mezclarán ni compensarán con otras; ni el saldo que resulte de ellas se reusará bajo pretesto de compensacion ó represalia por cualquiera causa, real ó figurada. Cada una de las partes podrá mantener un comisario de prisioneros nombrado por ella misma en cada acantonamiento de los prisioneros que estén en poder de la otra parte: este comisario visitará á los prisioneros siempre que quiera; tendrá facultad de recibir, libres de todo derecho ó impuesto, y de distribuir todos los auxilios que pueden enviarles sus amigos, y podrá libremente transmitir sus partes en cartas abiertas á la autoridad por la cual está empleado. Y se declara que ni el pretestó de que la guerra destruye los tratados, ni otra alguno, sea él que fuere, se considerará que anula ó suspende el pacto solemne contenido en este artículo. Por el contrario, el estado de guerra es cavalmente él que se ha tenido presente al ajustarlo, y durante el cual sus estipulaciones se han de observar tan santamente como las obligaciones mas reconocidas de la ley natural ó de gentes. ARTICLE XXIII. This treaty shall be ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof; and by the President of the Mexican Republic, with the previous approbation of it's General Congress: and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the City of Washington, or at the seat of government of Mexico, in four months from the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if practicable. In faith whereof, we, the respective Plenipotentiaries, have signed this Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement, and have hereunto affixed our seals respectively. Done in Quintuplicate, at the City of Guadalupe Hidalgo, on the second day of February in the year of Our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-eight. N. P. TRIST. BERNARDO Couto. MIGL. ATRISTAIN. [SEAL.] SEAL. [SEAL. ARTICULO XXIII. Este tratado será ratificado por el Presidente de la República mexicana. previa la aprobacion de su Congreso general; y por el Presidente de los Estados Unidos de América con el consejo y consentimiento del Senado; y las ratificaciones se cangearán ne la ciudad de Washington, ó donde estuviere el Gobiern mexicano, á los cuatro meses de la fecha de la firma del mismo tratado, ó ántes si fuere posible. En fé de locual, nosotros los respectivos plenipotenciarios hemos firmado y sellado por quintuplicado este tratado de paz, amistad, límites y arreglo definitivo, en la ciudad de Guadalupe Hidalgo, el dia dos de Febrero del año de nuestro Señor mil ochocientos cuarenta y ocho. And whereas the said Treaty, as amended, has been duly ratified on both parts and the respective ratifications of the same were exchanged at Querétaro, on the. thirtieth day of May last, by Ambrose H. Sevier and Nathan Clifford, Commissioners on the part of the Government of the United States, and by Señor Don Louis de la Rosa, Minister of Relations of the Mexican Republic, on the part of that Government: Now, therefore, be it known, that I, James K. Polk, President of the United States of America, have caused the said Treaty to be made public, to the end that the same, and every clause and article thereof, may be observed and fulfilled with good faith by the United States and the citizens thereof. In witness whereof. I have hereunto set my hand, and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. Done at the City of Washington, this fourth day of July, one thousand eight hundred [SEAL.] and forty-eight, and of the Independence of the United States the seventythird. JAMES K. POLK. By the President: JAMES BUCHANAN, Secretary of State. ARTICLES REFERRED TO IN THE FIFTEENTH ARTICLE OF THE PRECEDING TREATY. First and Fifth Articles of the unratified Convention between the United States and the Merican Republic of November 20, 1843. ARTICLE 1ST. All claims of citizens of the Mexican Republic against the government of the United States, which shall be presented in the manner and time hereinafter expressed, and all claims of citizens of the United States against the government of the Mexican Republic, which for whatever cause were not submitted to, nor considered, nor finally decided by the commission, nor by the arbiter appointed by the Convention of 1839, and which shall be presented in the manner and time ARTÍCULO I. Todas las reclamaciones de ciudadanos de la República mexicana contra el Gobierno de los Estados Unidos, que se presentaren del modo y en el tiempo que en adelante se espresa, y todas las reclamaciones de ciudadanos de los Estados Unidos contra el Gobierno de la República mexicana, que por cualquier motivo no se presentaron á la Junta ó que no fueron examinadas ó decididas finalmente por ella ó por el árbitro establecido por la convencion de 1839, y que se presentaren hereinafter specified, shall be referred to four commissioners, who shall form a Board, and shall be appointed in the following manner, that is to say: Two commissioners shall be appointed by the President of the Mexican Republic, and the other two by the President of the United States, with the approbation and consent of the Senate. The said commissioners thus appointed shall, in presence of each other, take an oath to examine and decide impartially the claims submitted to them, and which may lawfully be considered, according to the proofs, which shall be presented, the principles of right and justice, the Law of Nations, and the Treaties between the two Republics. ARTICLE 5TH. All claims of citizens of the United States against the Government of the Mexican Republic, which were considered by the commissioners, and referred to the umpire appointed under the convention of the 11th April, 1839, and which were not decided by him, shall be referred to, and decided by, the umpire to be appointed, as provided by this Convention, on the points submitted to the umpire under the late Convention, and his decision shall be final and conclusive. It is also agreed, that if the respective commissioners shall deem it expedient, they may submit to the said arbiter new arguments upon the said claims. del modo y en el tiempo que en adelante se espresará, se someterán á cuatro comisionados que formarán Junta, y serán nombrados del modo siguiente, á saber: Dos comisionados serán nombrados por el Presidente de la República mexicana, y los otros dos lo serán por el Presidente de los Estados Unidos, con consentimiento y aprobacion del Senado de los mismos. Los dichos comisionados, de ese modo nombrados, prestarán juramento en presencia unos de otros, de examinar y decidir imparcialmente las reclamaciones que se les sometan, y que legalmente deban considerarse segun las pruebas que se les presentaren y segun los principios de derecho y justicia de la Ley de las Naciones y de los tratados entre ambas Repúblicas. ARTÍCULO V. Todas las reclamaciones de ciudadanos de los Estados Unidos contra el Gobierno de la República mexicana, que fueron examinadas por los comisionados y sometidas al Árbitro nombrado con arreglo á la convencion de once de Abril de 1839, y que no fueron por él decididas, se someterán y decidirán por el Árbitro que debe nombrarse conforme á esta convencion por lo relativo á los puntos que se sujetaron al Arbitro establecido por la anterior convencion; y su decision será final y definitiva. A la vez se ha convenido que, si se juzga oportuno por los comisionados respectivos, podrán someterse por ellos al espresado Arbitro, nuevas sposiciones sobre dichas reclaemaciones. The CHAIRMAN. We will take the request under advisement until we see the copy. I want to ask Mr. Collett a question or two. I notice, in looking over the report of yesterday, that I asked you when you qualified as a witness what your occupation was and you did not answer that; you did not say what it was. What I meant is what is your profession? Are you a minister, a lawyer, a doctor, or what? Mr. COLLETT. I am a minister. I have a further statement which I believe should be made. The statement is in writing and concerns the auxiliary work, how it is managed and the checks against the finances. I believe that is of particular interest at this time and should be made a part of the record. I ask that it be made a part of the record. (Said statement follows:) STATEMENT OF FREDERICK G. COLLETT, EXECUTIVE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE INDIAN BOARD OF COOPERATION. As a matter of information we wish to make a statement concerning the activities of the Indian Board of Cooperation, as to its formation of Indian auxiliaries to aid the Indians of California in securing from the State and Federal Governments their rights and privileges, remedial legislation, and such appropriations as may be reasonable and just. POLICY. The Indian Board of Cooperation is an incorporated organization of leading and representative California citizens. As responsible men of affairs, the directors of the board approve all matters involving finance and policy. The established policy of the board is to encourage the Indians to do for themselves everything that they can; to assist them only in the doing of those things that they can not do without help. To do this the scattered bands of Indians in California have been organized into auxiliaries to the Indian Board of Cooperation. The objects of these auxiliaries are as follows: |