has repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism, a country which grants sanctuary from prosecution to individuals or groups which have committed an act of international terrorism, and a country which otherwise supports international terrorism. The provisions of law specified in paragraph (2) and all other provisions of law that impose sanctions against a country which has repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism, which grants sanctuary from prosecution to an individual or group which has committed an act of international terrorism, or which otherwise supports international terrorism shall be fully enforced against Iraq.

"(2) The provisions of law referred to in paragraph (1) are

"(A) section 40 of the Arms Export Control Act [22 U.S.C. 2780];

"(B) section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 23711;

"(C) sections 555 and 556 of this Act [104 Stat. 2021, 2022] (and the corresponding sections of predecessor foreign operations appropriations Acts); and

"(D) section 555 of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 [99 Stat. 227]. "(d) MULTILATERAL COOPERATION.-The Congress calls on the President to seek multilateral cooperation

"(1) to deny dangerous technologies to Iraq;

"(2) to induce Iraq to respect internationally recognized human rights; and

"(3) to induce Iraq to allow appropriate international humanitarian and human rights organizations to have access to Iraq and Kuwait, including the areas in northern Iraq traditionally inhabited by Kurds.

"SEC. 586G. SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAQ.

"(a) IMPOSITION.-Except as provided in section 586H, the following sanctions shall apply with respect to Iraq:

"(1) FMS SALES.-The United States Government shall not enter into any sale with Iraq under the Arms Export Control Act [22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.].

"(2) COMMERCIAL ARMS SALES.-Licenses shall not be issued for the export to Iraq of any item on the United States Munitions List.

"(3) EXPORTS OF CERTAIN GOODS AND TECHNOLOGY.The authorities of section 6 of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2405) shall be used to prohibit the export to Iraq of any goods or technology listed pursuant to that section or section 5(c)(1) of that Act (50 U.S.C. App. 2404(c)(1)) on the control list provided for in section 4(b) of that Act (50 U.S.C. App. 2403(b)).

"(4) NUCLEAR EQUIPMENT, MATERIALS, AND TECHNOLOGY.

"(A) NRC LICENSES.-The Nuclear Regulatory Commission shall not issue any license or other authorization under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011 and following) for the export to Iraq of any source or special nuclear material, any production or utilization facility, any sensitive nuclear technology, any component, item, or substance determined to have significance for nuclear explosive purposes pursuant to section 109b. of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2139(b)), or any other material or technology requiring such a license or authorization.

"(B) DISTRIBUTION OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS.-The authority of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 shall not be used to distribute any special nuclear material, source material, or byproduct material to Iraq.

“(C) DOE AUTHORIZATIONS.-The Secretary of Energy shall not provide a specific authorization under section 57b.(2) of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2077(b)(2)) for any activity that would constitute directly or indirectly engaging in Iraq in activities that require a specific authorization under that section.

"(5) ASSISTANCE FROM INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS.-The United States shall oppose any loan or financial or technical assistance to Iraq by international financial institutions in accordance with section 701 of the International Financial Institutions Act (22 U.S.C. 262d).

EXPORT-IMPORT

"(6) ASSISTANCE THROUGH THE BANK.-Credits and credit guarantees through the Export-Import Bank of the United States shall be denied to Iraq.

"(7) ASSISTANCE THROUGH THE COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION.-Credit, credit guarantees, and other assistance through the Commodity Credit Corporation shall be denied to Iraq.

"(8) FOREIGN ASSISTANCE.-All forms of assistance under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 and following) other than emergency assistance for medical supplies and other forms of emergency humanitarian assistance, and under the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 and following) shall be denied to Iraq.

"(b) CONTRACT SANCTITY.-For purposes of the export controls imposed pursuant to subsection (a)(3), the date described in subsection (m)(1) of section 6 of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2405) shall be deemed to be August 1, 1990.

"SEC. 586H. WAIVER AUTHORITY.

"(a) IN GENERAL.-The President may waive the requirements of any paragraph of section 586G(a) if the President makes a certification under subsection (b) or subsection (c).

"(b) CERTIFICATION OF FUNDAMENTAL CHANGES IN IRAQI POLICIES AND ACTIONS.-The authority of subsection (a) may be exercised 60 days after the President certifies to the Congress that

"(1) the Government of Iraq

"(A) has demonstrated, through a pattern of conduct, substantial improvement in its respect for internationally recognized human rights;

"(B) is not acquiring, developing, or manufacturing (i) ballistic missiles, (ii) chemical, biological, or nuclear weapons, or (iii) components for such weapons; has forsworn the first use of such weapons; and is taking substantial and verifiable steps to destroy or otherwise dispose of any such missiles and weapons it possesses; and

"(C) does not provide support for international terrorism;

"(2) the Government of Iraq is in substantial compliance with its obligations under international law, including

"(A) the Charter of the United Nations;

"(B) the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (done at New York, December 16, 1966) and the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (done at New York, December 16, 1966);

"(C) the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (done at Paris, December 9, 1948);

"(D) the Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare (done at Geneva, June 17, 1925);

"(E) the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (done at Washington, London, and Moscow, July 1, 1968); and

"(F) the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction (done at Washington, London, and Moscow, April 10, 1972); and

"(3) the President has determined that it is essential to the national interests of the United States to exercise the authority of subsection (a).

"(c) CERTIFICATION OF FUNDAMENTAL CHANGES IN IRAQI LEADERSHIP AND POLICIES.-The authority of sub

section (a) may be exercised 30 days after the President certifies to the Congress that

"(1) there has been a fundamental change in the leadership of the Government of Iraq; and "(2) the new Government of Iraq has provided reliable and credible assurance that-

"(A) it respects internationally recognized human rights and it will demonstrate such respect through its conduct;

"(B) it is not acquiring, developing, or manufacturing and it will not acquire, develop, or manufacture (i) ballistic missiles, (ii) chemical, biological, or nuclear weapons, or (iii) components for such weapons; has forsworn the first use of such weapons; and is taking substantial and verifiable steps to destroy or otherwise dispose of any such missiles and weapons it possesses;

"(C) it is not and will not provide support for international terrorism; and

"(D) it is and will continue to be in substantial compliance with its obligations under international law, including all the treaties specified in subparagraphs (A) through (F) of subsection (b)(2). "(d) INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN CERTIFICATIONS. Any certification under subsection (b) or (c) shall include the justification for each determination required by that subsection. The certification shall also specify which paragraphs of section 586G(a) the President will waive pursuant to that certification. "SEC. 5861. DENIAL OF LICENSES FOR CERTAIN EXPORTS TO COUNTRIES ASSISTING IRAQ'S ROCKET OR CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, OR NUCLEAR WEAPONS CAPABILITY.

"(a) RESTRICTION ON Export Licenses.-None of the funds appropriated by this or any other Act may be used to approve the licensing for export of any supercomputer to any country whose government the President determines is assisting, or whose government officials the President determines are assisting, Iraq to improve its rocket technology or chemical, biological, or nuclear weapons capability.

"(b) NEGOTIATIONS.-The President is directed to begin immediate negotiations with those governments with which the United States has bilateral supercomputer agreements, including the Government of the United Kingdom and the Government of Japan, on conditions restricting the transfer to Iraq of supercomputer or associated technology.

"SEC. 586J. REPORTS TO CONGRESS.

"(a) STUDY AND REPORT ON THE INTERNATIONAL EXPORT TO IRAQ OF NUCLEAR, BIOLOGICAL, CHEMICAL, AND BALLISTIC MISSILE TECHNOLOGY.-(1) The President shall conduct a study on the sale, export, and third party transfer or development of nuclear, biological, chemical, and ballistic missile technology to or with Iraq including

"(A) an identification of specific countries, as well as companies and individuals, both foreign and domestic, engaged in such sale or export of, nuclear, biological, chemical, and ballistic missile technology;

"(B) a detailed description and analysis of the international supply, information, support, and coproduction network, individual, corporate, and state, responsible for Iraq's current capability in the area of nuclear, biological, chemical, and ballistic missile technology; and

"(C) a recommendation of standards and procedures against which to measure and verify a decision of the Government of Iraq to terminate the development, production, coproduction, and deployment of nuclear, biological, chemical, and offensive ballistic missile technology as well as the destruction of all existing facilities associated with such technologies. "(2) The President shall include in the study required by paragraph (1) specific recommendations on new mechanisms, to include, but not be limited to, legal, political, economic and regulatory, whereby the United States might contribute, in conjunction with its friends, allies, and the international community, to

the management, control, or elimination of the threat of nuclear, biological, chemical, and ballistic missile proliferation.

"(3) Not later than March 30, 1991, the President shall submit to the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign Affairs [now Committee on International Relations] of the House of Representatives, a report, in both classified and unclassified form, setting forth the findings of the study required by paragraph (1) of this subsection.

"(b) STUDY AND REPORT ON IRAQ'S OFFENSIVE MILITARY CAPABILITY.-(1) The President shall conduct a study on Iraq's offensive military capability and its effect on the Middle East balance of power including an assessment of Iraq's power projection capability, the prospects for another sustained conflict with Iran, joint Iraqi-Jordanian military cooperation, the threat Iraq's arms transfer activities pose to United States allies in the Middle East, and the extension of Iraq's political-military influence into Africa and Latin America.

"(2) Not later than March 30, 1991, the President shall submit to the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign Affairs [now Committee on International Relations] of the House of Representatives, a report, in both classified and unclassified form, setting forth the findings of the study required by paragraph (1).

"(c) REPORT ON SANCTIONS TAKEN BY OTHER NATIONS AGAINST IRAQ.-(1) The President shall prepare a report on the steps taken by other nations, both before and after the August 2, 1990, invasion of Kuwait, to curtail the export of goods, services, and technologies to Iraq which might contribute to, or enhance, Iraq's nuclear, biological, chemical, and ballistic missile capability.

"(2) The President shall provide a complete accounting of international compliance with each of the sanctions resolutions adopted by the United Nations Security Council against Iraq since August 2, 1990, and shall list, by name, each country which to his knowledge, has provided any assistance to Iraq and the amount and type of that assistance in violation of each United Nations resolution.

"(3) The President shall make every effort to encourage other nations, in whatever forum or context, to adopt sanctions toward Iraq similar to those contained in this section.

"(4) Not later than every 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act [Nov. 5, 1990], the President shall submit to the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign Affairs [now Committee on International Relations] of the House of Representatives, a report in both classified and unclassified form, setting forth the findings of the study required by paragraph (1) of this subsection."

[Provisions similar to section 586D of Pub. L. 101-513, set out above, relating to compliance with sanctions against Iraq were contained in the following appropriations acts:

[Pub. L. 103-306, title V, § 538, Aug. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 1639.

(Pub. L. 103-87, title V, § 539, Sept. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 957.

[Pub. L. 102-391, title V, § 573, Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1683.]

Pub. L. 101-510, div. A, title XIV, § 1458, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1697, provided that: "If the President considers that the taking of such action would promote the effectiveness of the economic sanctions of the United Nations and the United States imposed with respect to Iraq, and is consistent with the national interest, the President may prohibit, for such a

period of time as he considers appropriate, the importation into the United States of any or all products of any foreign country that has not

"(1) prohibited

"(A) the importation of products of Iraq into its customs territory, and

"(B) the export of its products to Iraq; or "(2) given assurances satisfactory to the President that such import and export sanctions will be promptly implemented."

IRAN CLAIMS SETTLEMENT

Pub. L. 99-93, title V, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 437, provided that:

"SEC. 501. RECEIPT AND DETERMINATION OF CERTAIN CLAIMS.

"(a) AUTHORITY OF FOREIGN CLAIMS SETTLEMENT COMMISSION.-The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States is authorized to receive and determine the validity and amounts of claims by nationals of the United States against Iran which are settled en bloc by the United States. In deciding such claims, the Commission shall apply, in the following order

"(1) the terms of any settlement agreement;

“(2) the relevant provisions of the Declarations of the Government of the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria of January 19, 1981, giving consideration to interpretations thereof by the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal; and

"(3) applicable principles of international law, justice, and equity.

Except as otherwise provided in this title, the provisions of title I of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 (22 U.S.C. 1621 et seq.) shall apply with respect to claims under this section. Any reference in such provisions to 'this title' [translated therein as 'this subchapter'] shall be deemed to refer to those provisions and to this section.

"(b) CERTIFICATION AND PAYMENT.-The Commission shall certify to the Secretary of the Treasury any awards determined pursuant to subsection (a) in accordance with section 5 of title I of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 (22 U.S.C. 1624). Such awards shall be paid in accordance with sections 7 and 8 of such title (22 U.S.C. 1626 and 1627), except that"(1) the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to make payments pursuant to paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 8(c) of such title in the amount of $10,000 or the principal amount of the award, whichever is less; and

"(2) the Secretary of the Treasury may deduct, pursuant to section 7(b) of such title, an amount calculated in accordance with section 502(a) of this Act, instead of 5 percent of payments made pursuant to section 8(c) of such title.

"SEC. 502. DEDUCTIONS

AWARDS.

FROM

ARBITRAL

THE

UNITED

"(a) DEDUCTION FOR EXPENSES OF STATES.-Except as provided in section 503, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York shall deduct from the aggregate amount awarded under each enumerated claim before the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal in favor of a United States claimant, an amount equal to 12 percent of the first $5,000,000 and 1 percent of any amount over $5,000,000, as reimbursement to the United States Government for expenses incurred in connection with the arbitration of claims of United States claimants against Iran before that Tribunal and the maintenance of the Security Account established pursuant to the Declarations of the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria of January 19, 1981. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York shall make the deduction required by the preceding sentence whenever the Bank receives an amount from the Security Account in satisfaction of an award rendered by the Iran-United States Claim Tribunal on the enumerated claim involved.

"(b) DEDUCTION TREATED AS MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPT.-Amounts deducted by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York pursuant to subsection (a) shall be deposited into the Treasury of the United States to the credit of miscellaneous receipts.

"(c) PAYMENT TO UNITED STATES CLAIMANTS.-Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect the payment to United States claimants of amounts received by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York in respect of awards by the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal, after deduction of the amounts calculated in accordance with subsection (a).

"(d) EFFECTIVE DATE.-This section shall be effective as of June 7, 1982.

"SEC. 503. EN BLOC SETTLEMENT.

"The deduction by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York provided for in section 502(a) of this Act shall not apply in the case of a sum received by the Bank pursuant to an en bloc settlement of any category of claims of United States nationals against Iran when such sum is to be used for payments in satisfaction of awards certified by the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission pursuant to section 501(b) of this Act. "SEC. 504. REIMBURSEMENT TO THE FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF NEW YORK.

"The Secretary of the Treasury may reimburse the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for expenses incurred by the Bank in the performance of fiscal agency agreements relating to the settlement or arbitration of claims pursuant to the Declarations of the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria of January 19, 1981.

"SEC. 505. CONFIDENTIALITY OF RECORDS.

"Notwithstanding section 552 of title 5, United States Code (commonly referred to as the Freedom of Information Act), records pertaining to the arbitration of claims before the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal may not be disclosed to the general public, except that

“(1) rules, awards, and other decisions of the Tribunal and claims and responsive pleadings filed at the Tribunal by the United States on its own behalf shall be made available to the public, unless the Secretary of State determines that public disclosure would be prejudicial to the interests of the United States or United States claimants in proceedings before the Tribunal, or that public disclosure would be contrary to the rules of the Tribunal; and

"(2) the Secretary of State may determine on a case-by-case basis to make such information available when in the judgment of the Secretary the interests of justice so require."

Ex. ORD. No. 12170. BLOCKING IRANIAN GOVERNMENT PROPERTY

Ex. Ord. No. 12170, Nov. 14, 1979, 44 F.R. 65729, provided:

Pursuant to the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and laws of the United States including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C.A. sec. 1701 et seq., the National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. sec. 1601 et seq., and 3 U.S.C. sec. 301,

I, JIMMY CARTER, President of the United States, find that the situation in Iran constitutes an unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security, foreign policy and economy of the United States and hereby declare a national emergency to deal with that threat.

I hereby order blocked all property and interests in property of the Government of Iran, its instrumentalities and controlled entities and the Central Bank of Iran which are or become subject to the jurisdiction of the United States or which are in or come within the possession or control of persons subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.

The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to employ all powers granted to me by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act [this chapter] to carry out the provisions of this order.

This order is effective immediately and shall be transmitted to the Congress and published in the Federal Register.

JIMMY CARTER. CONTINUATION OF NATIONAL EMERGENCY DECLARED BY Ex. ORD. No. 12170

Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 31, 1994, 59 F.R. 54785, provided:

On November 14, 1979, by Executive Order No. 12170 [set out above], the President declared a national emergency to deal with the threat to the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States constituted by the situation in Iran. Notices of the continuation of this national emergency have been transmitted annually by the President to the Congress and the Federal Register. The most recent notice appeared in the Federal Register on November 2, 1993. Because our relations with Iran have not yet returned to normal, and the process of implementing the January 19, 1981, agreements with Iran is still underway, the national emergency declared on November 14, 1979, must continue in effect beyond November 14, 1994. Therefore, in accordance with section 202(d) of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1622(d)), I am continuing the national emergency with respect to Iran. This notice shall be published in the Federal Register and transmitted to the Congress.

WILLIAM J. CLINTON.

Prior continuations of national emergency declared by Ex. Ord. No. 12170 were contained in the following: Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 1993, 58 F.R. 58639.

Notice of President of the United States, dated Oct. 25, 1992, 57 F.R. 48719.

Notice of President of the United States, dated Nov. 12, 1991, 56 F.R. 57791.

Notice of the President of the United States, dated Nov. 9, 1990, 55 F.R. 47453.

Notice of the President of the United States, dated Oct. 30, 1989, 54 F.R. 46043.

Notice of the President of the United States, dated Nov. 8, 1988, 53 F.R. 45750.

Notice of the President of the United States, dated Nov. 10, 1987, 52 F.R. 43549.

Notice of the President of the United States, dated Nov. 10, 1986, 51 F.R. 41067.

Notice of the President of the United States, dated Nov. 1, 1985, 50 F.R. 45901.

Notice of the President of the United States, dated Nov. 7, 1984, 49 F.R. 44741.

Notice of the President of the United States, dated Nov. 8, 1982, 47 F.R. 50841.

Ex. ORD. NO. 12205. PROHIBITING CERTAIN
TRANSACTIONS WITH IRAN

Ex. Ord. No. 12205, Apr. 7, 1980, 45 F.R. 24099, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 12211, Apr. 17, 1980, 45 F.R. 26685, provided:

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of the United States, including Section 203 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702), Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code, and Section 301 of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1631), in order to take steps additional to those set forth in Executive Order No. 12170 of November 14, 1979 [set out as a note above], to deal with the threat to the national security, foreign policy and economy of the United States referred to in that Order, and in furtherance of the objectives of United Nations Security Council Resolution 461 (1979) adopted on December 31, 1979, it is hereby ordered as follows:

1-101. The following are prohibited effective immediately, notwithstanding any contracts entered into or

licenses granted before the date of this Order [Apr. 7, 1980]:

(a) The sale, supply or other transfer, by any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, of any items, commodities or products, except food, medicine and supplies intended strictly for medical purposes, and donations of clothing intended to be used to relieve human suffering, from the United States, or from any foreign country, whether or not originating in the United States, either to or destined for Iran, an Iranian governmental entity in Iran, any other person or body in Iran or any other person or body for the purposes of any enterprise carried on in Iran.

(b) The shipment by vessel, aircraft, railway or other land transport of United States registration or owned by or under charter to any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States or the carriage (whether or not in bond) by land transport facilities across the United States of any of the items, commodities and products covered by paragraph (a) of this section which are consigned to or destined for Iran, an Iranian governmental entity or any person or body in Iran, or to any enterprise carried on in Iran.

(c) The shipment from the United States of any of the items, products and commodities covered by paragraph (a) of this section on vessels or aircraft registered in Iran.

(d) The following acts, when committed by any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States in connection with any transaction involving Iran, an Iranian governmental entity, an enterprise controlled by Iran or an Iranian governmental entity, or any person in Iran:

(i) Making available any new credits or loans;

(ii) Making available any new deposit facilities or allowing substantial increases in non-dollar deposits which exist as of the date of this Order [Apr. 7, 1980];

(iii) Allowing more favorable terms of payment than are customarily used in international commercial transactions; or

(iv) Failing to act in a businesslike manner in exercising any rights when payments due on existing credits or loans are not made in a timely manner.

(v) Make any payment, transfer of credit, or other transfer of funds or other property or interests therein, except for purposes of family remittances. (e) The engaging by any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States in any service contract in support of an industrial project in Iran, except any such contract entered into prior to the date of this Order [Apr. 7, 1980] or concerned with medical care.

(f) The engaging by any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States in any transaction which evades or avoids, or has the purpose or effect of evading or avoiding, any of the prohibitions set forth in this section.

1-102. The prohibitions in section 1-101 above shall not apply to transactions by any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States which is a nonbanking association, corporation, or other organization organized and doing business under the laws of any foreign country.

1-103. The Secretary of the Treasury is delegated, and authorized to exercise, all functions vested in the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to carry out the purposes of this Order. The Secretary may redelegate any of these functions to other officers and agencies of the Federal government.

1-104. The Secretary of the Treasury shall ensure that actions taken pursuant to this Order and Executive Order No. 12170 [set out above] are accounted for as required by Section 401 of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1641).

1-105. This Order is effective immediately. In accord with Section 401 of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1641) and Section 204 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1703), it

shall be immediately transmitted to the Congress and published in the Federal Register.

JIMMY CARTER.

REVOCATION OF PROHIBITIONS CONTAINED IN EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 12205

For provisions relating to the revocation of prohibitions contained in Ex. Ord. No. 12205, Apr. 7, 1980, 45 F.R. 24099, as amended, which prohibited certain transactions with Iran, see Ex. Ord. No. 12282, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7925, set out below.

Ex. ORD. No. 12211. PROHIBITING CERTAIN
TRANSACTIONS WITH IRAN

Ex. Ord. No. 12211, Apr. 17, 1980, 45 F.R. 26685, provided:

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of the United States, including Section 203 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702), Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code, Sections 1732 and 2656 of Title 22 of the United States Code, and Section 301 of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1631), in order to take steps additional to those set forth in Executive Order No. 12170 of November 14, 1979 [set out above], and Executive Order No. 12205 of April 7, 1980 [set out above], to deal with the threat to the national security, foreign policy and economy of the United States referred to in those Orders, and the added unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security, foreign policy and economy of the United States created by subsequent events in Iran and neighboring countries, including the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, with respect to which I hereby declare a national emergency, and to carry out the policy of the United States to deny the use of its resources to aid, encourage or give sanctuary to those persons involved in directing, supporting or participating in acts of international terrorism, it is hereby ordered as follows: 1-101. Paragraph 1-101(d) of Executive Order No. 12205 [set out above] is hereby amended by the addition of a new subparagraph (v) as follows:

(v) Make any payment, transfer of credit, or other transfer of funds or other property or interests therein, except for purposes of family remittances.

1-102. The following transactions are prohibited, notwithstanding any contracts entered into or licenses granted before the date of this Order [Apr. 17, 1980]:

(a) Effective immediately, the direct or indirect import from Iran into the United States of Iranian goods or services, other than materials imported for news publication or news broadcast dissemination.

(b) Effective immediately, any transactions with a foreign person or foreign entity by any citizen or permanent resident of the United States relating to that person's travel to Iran after the date of this Order [Apr. 17, 1980).

(c) Effective seven days from the date of this Order [Apr. 17, 1980], the payment by or on behalf of any citizen or permanent resident of the United States who is within Iran of any expenses for transactions within Iran.

The prohibitions in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section shall not apply to a person who is also a citizen of Iran and those prohibitions and the prohibitions in section 1-101 shall not apply to a journalist or other person who is regularly employed by a news gathering or transmitting organization and who travels to Iran or is within Iran for the purpose of gathering or transmitting news, making news or documentary films, or similar activities.

1-103. The Secretary of the Treasury is hereby directed, effective fourteen days from the date of this Order [Apr. 17, 1980], to revoke existing licenses for transactions by persons subject to the jurisdiction of the United States with Iran Air, the National Iranian Oil Company, and the National Iranian Gas Company previously issued pursuant to regulations under Executive Order No. 12170 [set out above], or Executive Order No. 12205 [set out above].

1-104. The Secretary of the Treasury is delegated, and authorized to exercise, all functions vested in the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to carry out the purposes of this Order. The Secretary may redelegate any of these functions to other officers and agencies of the Federal government.

1-105. The Secretary of the Treasury shall ensure that actions taken by him pursuant to the above provisions of this Order, Executive Order No. 12170 [set out above] and Executive Order No. 12205 [set out above] are accounted for as required by Section 401 of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1641).

1-106. The Secretary of State is delegated, and authorized to exercise in furtherance of the purposes of this Order, the powers vested in the President by Section 2001 of the Revised Statutes (22 U.S.C. 1732), Section 1 of the Act of July 3, 1926 (22 U.S.C. 211a), and Section 215 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1185), with respect to:

(a) the restriction of the use of United States passports for travel to, in or through Iran; and

(b) the regulation of departures from and entry into the United States in connection with travel to Iran by citizens and permanent residents of the United States.

1-107. Except as otherwise indicated herein, this Order is effective immediately. In accord with Section 401 of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1641) and Section 204 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1703), it shall be immediately transmitted to the Congress and published in the Federal Register.

JIMMY CARTER.

REVOCATION OF PROHIBITIONS CONTAINED IN EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 12211

For provisions relating to the revocation of prohibitions contained in Ex. Ord. No. 12211, Apr. 17, 1980, 45 F.R. 26685, which prohibited certain transactions with Iran, see Ex. Ord. No. 12282, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7925, set out below.

Ex. ORD. No. 12276. RELEASE OF AMERICAN HOSTAGES IN IRAN-DIRECTION RELATING TO ESTABLISHMENT OF

ESCROW ACCOUNTS

Ex. Ord. No. 12276, Jan. 19, 1981, 46 F.R. 7913, provided:

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of the United States, including Section 203 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702), Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code, Section 1732 of Title 22 of the United States Code, and Section 301 of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1631), in view of the continuing unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security, foreign policy and economy of the United States upon which I based my declarations of national emergency in Executive Order 12170 [set out above], issued November 14, 1979, and in Executive Order 12211 [set out above], issued April 17, 1980, in order to implement agreements with the Government of Iran, as reflected in Declarations of the Government of the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria dated January 19, 1981, relating to the release of U.S. diplomats and nationals being held as hostages and to the resolution of claims of United States nationals against Iran, and to begin the process of normalization of relations between the United States and Iran, it is hereby ordered that as of the effective date of this Order:

1-101. The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to enter into, and to license, authorize, direct, and compel any appropriate official and/or the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, as fiscal agent of the United States, to enter into escrow or related agreements with a foreign central bank and with the Central Bank of Algeria under which certain money and