PART I. FOREIGN COUNTRIES; THEIR AREA, POPULATION, FISCAL AFFAIRS, AGRICULTURE, INDUSTRIES, COMMERCE, SHIPPING, RAILROADS, TELEGRAPHS, BANKING, AND MONEY. EUROPE. GREAT BRITAIN. Area and Population. The area and the distribution of population of the United Kingdom were as follows at the census taken April 5, 1891: England, 50,867 square miles; Wales, 7,442 square miles; Scotland, 29,785 square miles; Ireland, 32,583 square miles; Isle of Man, 227 square miles; Channel Islands, 75 square miles. Total, 120,979 square miles. Population: England, 27,483,490; Wales, 1,519,035; Scotland, 4,025,647; Ireland, 4,704,750; Isle of Man, 55,608; Channel Islands, 92,234; military and naval abroad, 224,211. Total, 38,104,975. The estimated population at the end of June, 1900, was: England and Wales, 32,091,907; Scotland, 4,313,993; Ireland, 4,504,025. Total United Kingdom, 40,909,925. The population per square mile in 1891 was 498; in 1881 was 446; in 1871 was 390; in 1861 was 345 in 1851 was 308; in 1841 was 274; in 1831 was 139; in 1821 was 207; in 1811 was 175; in 1801 was 153. EMPLOYMENTS OF POPULATION IN ENGLAND AND WALES IN 1891. (See "Commercial Year Book," Volume V, page 1.) EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION FROM AND TO THE UNITED KINGDOM. Revenue and Expenditure. The following table shows the actual revenue and expenditure for the years ending March 31 They are revised so as to exclude, in accordance with the system now adopted, the army and navy extra receipts, and the contributions by India for military charges, formerly brought to account as revenue: 92,223,844 1894. 91,133,410 91,302,846 1887. 90,772,758 89,996,752 1895. 94,683,762 93,918,421 1888. 89,802,254 87,423,645 1896. 87,683,830 1897 The following statement shows the oscillations of the national debt of the kingdom from 1748: At the end of the Spanish War, 1748. Decrease during eight years' peace.. At the commencement of the Seven Years' War, 1756. Increase during the war.. At the Peace of Paris, 1763.. Decrease during twelve years' peace. At the commencement of the American War, 1775. Increase during the war... At the end of the American War, 1784.. Decrease during the peace. At the commencement of the French War, 1792.. Increase during the war.. At the Peace of Amiens, 1802. Increase during war with Napoleon. At the Peace of Paris, 1815.. Decrease during forty years.. At commencement of Crimean War, 1854.. Increase during the war.. Debt in 1857. Decrease since the Crimean War. Debt on March 31, 1899.. Debt on March 31, 1900, 56,812,695 804,226,354 32,918,243 837,144,597 209,582,012 627,562,585 628,978,783 25,000,000 23,216,657 Agriculture. The statement following shows the acreage in cereals and green crops in Great Britain and Ireland respectively: |