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FRANCE. The Election Law, the discussion of which excited such interest throughout France, has at length passed both the Chambers, and received the Royal assent; not, however, until its original tenor was considerably modified. An amendment on the law was proposed on the 4th June, by M. Bain, which was carried by a majority of 185 to 66, and which was afterwards agreed to by the Ministry. This amendment was to the following effect: The Departmental Colleges are to consist of the electors paying the most taxes, equal to a fourth of the whole number of electors of each department; these Colleges are to elect 172 deputies; the Electoral Colleges of Arrondissement are also to elect each a deputy; these Colleges are to consist respectively of all the electors having their political domicile in each arrondissement; and the fifth of the present deputies that are to be removed are to be elected by the Colleges of Arrondissement. The Chamber will thus consist of 430,instead of 258 deputies.

By the amended plan 172 Deputies will be returned to the Chamber by only one fourth of the existing body of electors. By thus diminishing the voters, a field is opened for the exercise of Ministerial influence, and if the Treasury succeed in appointing 172 Deputies, they will only have to gain over 44 of the Deputies chosen by the Electoral Colleges of the Arrondissement, in order to have a majority in the Cham

ber.

The project, however, is totally different from what it was originally. It enlarges the number of Deputies to the Chamber, and it gives the Ministers considerable advantages in controlling the elections of those additional members. But by the original plan they would have had a control generally over the whole elections, and no member who was not acceptable to them could have been appointed without a hard struggle. The present plan infuses into the Chamber an aristocratical interest; the former plan would have made it wholly aristocratical—it would have left no other ad

verse interest in the Chamber, but would have made it merely an engine to clothe with authority the views and wishes of the executive.

During the discussions on this law, it appears that Paris was the scene of most violent contentions, to quell which the errployment of troops was found necessary. When the adoption of the first article became known without doors, the populace assembled in groupes, exclaiming, Long live the Charter,' making at the same time menacing gestures to those who replied to them, by exclaiming," Long live the King." Between these opposite parties an affray quickly ensued, and the military interposing to restore order, they were insulted by the multitude. A law student attacked one of the soldiers, and endeavoured to disarm him: the latter fired, and the ball entered the stomach of the rash youth, who was conveyed to the house of a neighbouring surgeon. The refractory populace being compelled to retreat, finally met in various parties at the Palais Royal, the gate of which was ordered to be shut. The coffeehouse Lemlin was closed by authority, and peace was maintained a throughout the night by patroles of gendarmes. Marshal Oudinot, who directed the troops, received asevere contusion, which confined him some time to his chamber.

Trial and Execution of Louvel.-The trial of Louvel, the assassin of the Duke de Berri, commenced before the Chamber of Peers on Monday 5th June. The prisoner heard the indictment read with the utmost sang froid. He was then interro gated by the Chancellor. When asked his reason for stabbing the Duke de Berri, he answered, that he had taken his life away, with the intention of destroying the Bourbon race, which, in his opinion, was a misfortune to the nation. He denied that he had any motive of personal enmity towards the Duke; and assigned as his reason for giving him the dreadful preference over all the other branches of the Royal Family, that he was a blockhead! He admitted, also, that he had entertained his horrid project since 1814, in which

year he went to Calais, expecting to meet some of the Royal Dukes on their return to France. To a question, Whether he had any religious principle; and if so, what rereligion he was? he replied, "I am a Catholic; but 1 have changed according to events; sometimes a Theophilanthropist, and sometimes a Catholic." No one had promised to favour his escape, and if he had succeeded in getting away, he declared that he would have continued his project of assassination against all those who had borne arms against, and had betrayed the country. He repeatedly denied having had any accomplices. M. Bonnet, his advocate, endeavoured to prove that Louvel was suffering under mental alienation. It was not that he considered the accused a fool, but under the dominion of that species of madness called monomania, which confined the thoughts of the patient to one object only, and in Louvel's case, it appeared that he had entertained the design of murdering the Bourbons for the last six years. Louvel then read his defence. The Court was then closed, and on reopening the President proceeded to read the sentence, which declared Louvel guilty, and condemned him to death.

The execution of Louvel took place on Wednesday the 7th, at six P. M. He persisted to the last in denying that he had any accomplices. The spectators at the execution are calculated at upwards of 200,000 persons; but they separated with out any disorder. At night, however, the usual tumultuous assemblages took place, and paraded the streets, exclaiming, Vive la Charte, &c. until they were dispersed by the military. Similiar scenes occurred on the nights of Thursday and Friday, and, on the latter occasion, several of the mob were wounded, and one man killed by the soldiers. These events gave rise to a succession of stormy debates in the Chamber of Deputies, the Ministers and UltraRoyalists representing them as the effect of a regular combination to overthrow the Bourbon Government, and their opponents recriminating, by asserting that the real authors of all the disturbances were police spies and emissaries, employed for the purpose of throwing odium on the popular party, and furnishing a pretext for a series of measures tending to the re-establishment of the ancient despotism.

Some popular disturbances have, it seems, occurred at Brest, of a character similar to that of those which agitated the capital; but at Brest, as at Paris, the active zeal and energy of the troops quickly dispersed the rioters and restored tranquillity. The towns of Caen and Rennes were also disturbed for some short time with the cries of Vive l'Empereur !—A bas Louis! Some persons have been arrest

ed.

VOL. VII.

French Clergy.-During the sitting of the Chamber of Deputies, on Friday the 22d June, the state of the clergy in France was made the subject of discussion, The estimates for the established clergy of the Church of Rome amounts to 22,600,000 francs, (L.941,000,) which was granted by the Chamber. The minister of the interior then demanded the sum of 60,000 francs (L.2500) for the Protestant clergy, and further required that the estimate should be augmented to the sum of 60,000 francs (1.2500) for the repair of Protestant Churches. He stated, that "the Protestant religion is organized in 50 departments of France: it is celebrated in 200 churches or places of worship, the greater part of which are in want of repair. There are many places where, for want of churches, the service of religion is celebrated in the open air." This estimate was granted without the slightest opposition.

AMERICA.

BUENOS AYRES.-Accounts have been received from hence up to the middle of April. At that time Mr Saratea continued at the head of the Government, though things remained in a very precarious state. Albear, who some years ago was in the supreme command, and after his dismissal resided at Rio Janeiro and Monte Video, forming plans to turn out his rivals, had arrived at Buenos Ayres, when another struggle for power took place. Mr Saratea was, however, able to keep his seat, and the proceedings instituted against the late Administration continued going on. rera was forming a party to cause a re-action in Chili, where his friends are numerous. The British are generally in favour of Mr Saratea, and consider him as the only man capable of restoring order, and conducting the affairs of the country with regularity. The large naval force in those seas, and the efficient protection given by the Admiral, render their interests perfect. ly secure; but the interior was in too unsettled a state to afford, for the present, any extension of trade.

Car

The expedition preparing against Peru, under General San. Martin, fixed. the general attention, which had been diverted from it during the struggles for ascendancy at Buenos Ayres. It was expected to sail from Valparaiso immediately after the arrival of Lord Cochrane from Valdivia. An offer, it is said, has been made to Lord Cochrane by the Viceroy of Peru, of a sum of money, amounting to three millions of dollars, as a condition of his abandoning the cause of the Patriots, but which was refused with indignation. The letter of the Viceroy and his Lordship's answer were both in circulation at Valparaiso, and had greatly increased the popularity before enjoyed by the latter.

Proposed New Monarchy in South America.-A singular story is in circulation of a plan for erecting the South American provinces of Buenos Ayres, and others, into a monarchy, under a branch of the House of Bourbon. The Duke de

Lucca, formerly the Prince Royal of Etruria, and sou to a sister of Ferdinand of Spain, was the Prince first mentioned with a view to this new dignity; but it is now said that the project was intended as an opening for one more nearly allied to the reigning Family of France. However this may be, there seems no doubt that some negotiation of this nature was going on, and that it had received the assent of some at least of the members of the late Government of Buenos Ayres, to the over

throw of which it seems to have led; and according to the documents lately received from Buenos Ayres, it appears that judicial proceedings have been instituted against such of the Members of that Government as have been engaged in this project for overthrowing the system established, and setting up a monarchy in its stead.

The negotiations were carried on through the Duke de Cazes with the French Government, to whom M. Gomez was sent as an envoy from Buenos Ayres. An official dispatch from this envoy has been published, along with various other documents, giving an account of the negotiation, and of the propositions of the French Government on the subject.

[A considerable portion of the time of both Houses of Parliament for the last month has been taken up in discussions regarding the charges brought by Ministers against the Queen. These proceedings will, for the sake of connection, be noticed at a subsequent part of this Number, in the British Chronicle.]

HOUSE OF LORDS.-June 13.-The Earl of ROSEBERY rose to move the second reading of the bill for regulating the right of voting at the election of Peers to represent the Peerage of Scotland.-His Lordship observed, that neither in the acts of Parliament relative to the election of Scotch Peers, nor in any of the resolutions come to at different times on that subject by their Lordships, was there any provision for the evil which the present bill was meant to prevent. The object of the bill was to guard against cases of unqualified persons assuming the right of voting, there being no power to reject their votes at the time. -He appealed to the Noble Lords who knew the practice, whether it was not the fact, that scarcely an election occurred in which persons did not vote, who, in the opinion of every one present, were not entitled to give their suffrages. It was proposed by the bill to exclude from voting (with some exceptions) all persons who claimed as succeeding to deceased peers, until they had made out their titles. This would prevent the intrusion of individuals, who, from vanity or worse motives, often interfered in those elections. The right of petition and redress would of course be open to those who might consider themselves wronged. The inconveniences of which he had spoken would not occur at the election for the Peers of Scotland, if the same provision had been made respect

ing them as exists with regard to the Irish Peers. No Irish Peer, not even the direct descendant of a deceased peer, is allowed to vote at the election of a peer to sit in that House, until he has fully made out his title. His Lordship, however, did not mean to interfere with the claim to vote where the right was obviously undoubted. The bill, therefore, as far as regarded direct descendants, left the practice as it now stood, and only required collateral descendants to make out their titles. Earl CATHCART thought that the measure the Noble Lord had in view might be more conveniently obtained by a resolution of the House. He concurred, however, in the necessity of some regulation being applied to the practice which at present prevailed. Lord MELVILLE did not rise to oppose the bill, which, under all the circumstances connected with the elections of Scotch Peers, was entitled to their Lordships' approbation. How far the object could be obtained by a resolution he was not certain. He was afraid it could not; but if, on further consideration, their Lordships should think such a course practicable, it might hereafter be adopted. With regard to the clause of the bill allowing direct descendants to vote, he approved of it, but questioned whether it might not be advis able to give the same right to brothers of peers as to sons of peers. This he merely threw out for their Lordships' consideration. The Earl of LAUDERDALE approv ed of the object of the bill. Such was the practice at the election of Scotch Peers, that he could at any time procure fifteen or sixteen votes, w lil would be good for the time, though "rotested against. He did not think it competent to the House to attain the object of the bill by a resolution.