President Pardo, with the consent of Congress, left this city a few days since, that he might in person be near enough to supervise about four thousand soldiers, composed of cavalry, artillery, and infantry. No decisive action has taken place; the revolutionary forces have retreated from Moquegua to Torata, the mountainous region south of Arequipa, where it is said they have taken up a very strong position. Pierola, who is the leader of this movement, was formerly secretary of treasury under the administration of the late President Balta, and is said to have large amounts of money at his command. This city is quiet, and is well guarded at night by volunteer organizations, in aid of the police and that part of the army left in their barracks. There would appear to be no reasonable doubt of the overthrow of this rebellion but for the uncertainty of the fidelity of the forces of the gov ernment. Those who have the best opportunity to judge have confidence in the troops. But, as the soldiers are seized and forced into the service, it is not unreasonable to apprehend that portions of the troops of the government may, as in time past, join in the rebellion. I am, &c., [Inclosure in No. 140.] FRANCIS THOMAS. THE REVOLUTION. [From the "South Pacific Times."] The following extracts are made from numerous letters received from different parts of the republic: AREQUIPA, November 20, 1874. Late on the 19th the President, with his accompaniment, left Mollendo for this city. On arriving at Tambo, at 11 p. n., the train was immediately surrounded by a crowd of about a thousand persons. A deputation of the inhabitants waited on him, and one of their number, Señor Ponce, delivered the following address: "Your Excellency: The inhabitants of Tambo, having heard that you were about to visit the department of Arequipa, have wished to meet you, to express their gratitude and their uniform and decided sentiment of adhesion to your government. You must not be surprised that more are not present. The late hour at which we come to salute you and the suddenness of your visit, of which we were almost ignorant, has prevented many attending this spontaneous manifestation. But you may rest assured that we all, both absent and present, desire the consolidation of public order, and the prosperity of the country, under the auspices of your honorable government. During the last election we sustained the candidature which triumphed at the election of the 2d of Angust, 1872; and, firm to our vote and our opinions, we shall sustain with patriotism the government which to-day represents legality and order. The only thing we desire is that you will arm us, and send us to the place of danger to suffocate the seditious outburst of those who, when in power, outraged the institutions of the country. The people of Tambo expect your excellency will not forget their patriotic desires." President Pardo answered: "I am obliged to you for your fervent sympathies in defense of order and the institutions of the nation, which, during my government, I have endeavored to retain intact, since I know that all our future depends on them. I always believed the citizens of Peru would refuse all connivance with those few who wish to ruin the country in order to achieve their own fortunes. This conviction is confirmed by the patriotic unity which all exhibit in combating the revolution; and your action is the more satisfactory, because it is an honor to the nation and a powerful assistance in its consolidation. I was convinced that the people of Tambo would not be the last to offer their sons in defense of our institutions, and I know that those who gave their co-operation for the triumph of the civil candidature would demonstrate on every opportunity that their enthusiasm was not a mere passing one, but the result of deep-rooted convictions. If necessary, the government will give you arms. I desire the termination of the revolution without the sacrifice of life. Those who surrender in time will be received with open arms. But if the lives of some and the tears of their relatives become indispensable, the government cannot recede from the sacrifice without becoming a traitor to its mission. It must use every effort to quell the rebellion; if possible, peaceably; if not, by force." After this interruption the train proceeded on its journey, but, owing to frequent delays, did not arrive in Arequipa until 9 a. m. An immense number of persons had surrounded the station, and on his excellency appearing he was enthusiastically cheered. Numbers of the populace pressed round him to shake hands, and it was with difficulty Prefect Osma and the other authorities could approach to pay their respects. The streets were thronged, and the President finally found himself compelled to take one of the tram-cars to get away from the station. The houses were all decorated, and the 4th, 10th, and 11th guards, with the boys from the trainingschool, formed the guard of honor. On reaching the principal square, the clergy of the diocese met him, and, after receiving him under their canopy, marched in procession with him to the cathedral, where a solemn Te Deum was sung. After the religious ceremony his excellency addressed those present as follows: "People of Arequipa, since my installation in the chief magistracy I have ardently desired to shake your hands. The constant labors of the government and the uninterrupted threats of revolutions have not allowed me until now to visit this city, rendered so celebrated in our history by your energetic and valorons character. Even to-day I should not have fulfilled these desires had it not been necessary that the personal presence of the chief of the state should second and assist the spontaneous rising of the populace on behalf of order. I care not to flatter pride or passion; I believe I serve better the interests of the country and fulfill more honorably the sacred mission confided to me, by speaking frankly and sincerely. Only military politicians (caudillos) who seek power by ignoble means are capable of offering to the populace promises which they have neither intention to fulfill nor means to realize. For this reason I feel convinced that the movement commenced in Moquegua by the Talisman expedition will obtain no assistance in the rest of the republic, and that it will be extinguished by the indifference with which it has been regarded. The government desires that continued peace shall render the constitutional guarantees a fact, and it has given many proofs of its profound respect for those guarantees, and its wish to render practicable the exercise of every political right. This is one of the reasons why both government and populace to-day combat the revolution, which, in its origin, programme, and men, possesses no political significance, and socially can only be looked on as a crime deserving the severest condemnation. The government believes that peace will be maintained and that all the towns, like Arequipa, will lend their co-operation in the work. There are means provided by law, without the necessity of appealing to violence, by which to advocate and bring about reforms. You yourselves were witnesses of this fact when, two years ago, the actual government was legally elected. Those who do not adopt legal measures, but resort to violence, prove thereby that they have not the support of the majority, and any revolution which is not based on that support lacks even the least probability of triumph." This speech was frequently interrupted by cheers, and, during the remainder of the day, whenever the President appeared in public, he was surrounded by the populace. It is rumored to-day that the plan for the attack on Torata will be definitely settled to-morrow. One division will leave to-morrow or the next day to attack the camp of the rebels in the rear, from some higher hills in the vicinity. It is supposed this division will consist of the Ayacucho, Zepita, and Dos de Mayo battalions, and the Tenth Guards. The Pierolists have seized forty mules belonging to private individuals, and carried them off. It is said that Rivarola's outposts and the pickets of the enemy keep up a continual exchange of shots. ALTO DE VILLA, NEAR MOQUEGUA, I take advantage of a few spare moments to let you know our situation. On the 15th we entered Moquegua without opposition, the enemy having retired to Torata, and we followed on to Alto de la Villa, where we now are. Yesterday we had a skirmish with Escobar's force, which is in position on a ridge called Los Angeles, and which resulted in four killed and various wounded of the enemy, without casualty on our side. Our troops are enthusiastic and determined, and are examples of morality and valor. I am confident my second communication will inform you of a victory, for the men on the other side are recruits and do not know how to fire, as is proved by the lengthy skirmish yesterday, in which not one of our men was hurt. ILO, November 18, 1874. The division of Colonel Rivarola is still at Alto de la Villa, determined to break up the force of those who wish to disturb our tranquillity and abolish our guarantees. This news has been brought by the Huanaco, which has been repaired, as also the Ilo and Moquegua engines. The repairs on the line were somewhat heavy, but they have been effected, and now rails have replaced those which had been taken away. The rebels occupy three positions: the forced recruits in Torata, and the volunteers in the plain of Arrastrado and the hill Los Angeles-the latter being the outpost. They can do nothing; laborers are not soldiers, and I am sure will be beaten by the government troops, who understand their arms and are well disciplined. The men commence to desert from the rebels and to hide in the plantations after passing Huaraeane Hill. Pierola is believed to have 800 men. No. 145.] No. 473. Mr. Thomas to Mr. Fish. UNITED STATES LEGATION, Lima, Peru, December 13, 1874. (Received December 31.) SIR: I have the honor to inclose herewith, for the information of the Secretary of State, an extract from the South Pacific Times, which furnishes, I believe, the most reliable information as to the operations of the ariny in the vicinity of Moquegua. I am, &c., FRANCIS THOMAS. [Inclosure in No. 145.] CONCLUSION OF THE REVOLUTION. [From the "South Pacific Times," December 12, 1874.] The Peruvian corvette Union, Commander Portal, anchored in this bay on the morning of the 11th, bringing intelligence of the defeat and dispersion of the forces of Señor Pierola. The Union had left for Arica with the Tenth and Eleventh Guards of Lima, but on arrival at that port she received the intelligence, which the Talisman had already brought here, that Prefect Zapata had already quelled the disturbance. Commander Portal then returned to Pacochas, and the troops left for the front, but before they had proceeded half-way they were met by a messenger from the President, ordering the departure of the Union for Callao, touching at Arica, in order to carry dispatches announcing that on the 6th instant Colonel Rivarola made a decisive attack on the entrenchments of the enemy at Torata, and that a heavy fire was kept up throughout the day. At nightfall the rebels ceased firing entirely, and the outposts of the government soon discovered they had vacated their positions. Government troops then scaled the heights, and continued their march in the direction the enemy was supposed to have taken. At daylight they fell in with Montero's division, which had been warmly engaged with the flying rebels, and which had captured a very large number of them. Señor Pierola and his staff are said to have left the scene of battle long before its conclusion, and he was being pursued by Colonel Latorre with the cavalry, with which he has been doing good service since his incorporation in the division of Colonel Rivarola. It is rumored that General Segura and Colonel Escobar have been killed, but there is nothing official to warrant this assertion. The number of killed and wounded was not known at the time of the sailing of the Union, and very few particulars are as yet to hand, as she was dispatched directly the result of the battle became known. She was only delayed long enough to receive the Eleventh Guards, which corps returned by her. The Pacific Steam Navigation Company's steamer Valdivia left for the south last night, to serve as an additional transport for the returning soldiers. It is said the Talisman is also being prepared for the same purpose, so that very shortly the whole of the national guards will have returned to their homes. No. 148.] No. 474. Mr. Thomas to Mr. Fish. UNITED STATES LEGATION, Lima, Peru, January 5, 1875. (Received January 26.) SIR: I have the honor to inclose extracts from the South Pacific Times, showing the present status of the rebellion. The promptness with which President Pardo placed himself at the head of the Peruvian army, and the consequent defeat of this revolu tionary movement, must give additional stability to the present government of Peru. I am, &c., FRANCIS THOMAS. [Inclosure in No. 148.1 PRESENT STATUS OF THE REBELLION. ATTEMPT TO SEIZE AREQUIPA.-ROUT AND DISPERSION OF THE LAST REBELS. [Extracts from the "South Pacific Times."] The following intelligence was received by the Chalaca at 3 p. m. on the 1st instant, and immediately published by us in the form of a bulletin: Mollendo, December 30, 1874. The following telegram has been received from Arequipa, at this moment, 5.15 p. m.: "Senor Commander Grau: "Send the Chalaco to Pisco and Callao at once with the following telegram: "Providence does not cease to protect Peru. "Whilst at the risk of being attacked in the rear at any moment by Colonel Suarez, and taking advantage of a dense fog, and the knowledge of a good guide, Señor Miranda, the enemy attempted to surprise Arequipa early this morning. Of course anticipating at the same time to be supported by friends in the city. "I heard at 7 a. m. that the enemy were at Characata, and that they were marching on the city. In the shortest possible time I placed the troops under arms, and ocenpied the principal towers of the city. The sixth guards and the cadets stood under arms on the roof of San Augustin, the Ayacucho battalion and the twelfth guards in the chief square; and I ordered Colonel Rivarola with a half-battalion of the Pichinchas to attack the enemy wherever he met them. A short time afterwards I was informed they were entering the suburbs, and I ordered Colonel Velarde with the twelfth nationals to go to the support of the Pinchincha. This movement was immediately made and led to the enemy being taken in the rear. "Col. Rivarola attacked the enemy with his accustomed bravery in the Miraflores suburb, where they had occupied Ballon's country-house under the command of Escobar. To attack and disperse them took Colonel Rivarola twenty minutes. They left a number of killed and wounded. The body of Colonel Escobar has been found. Pierola and the other leaders remained in the rear, and fled by the road to Chignata. Being short of cavalry, I have had to mount a hundred men of the sixth guard, who are following them up. "I have sent an aid-de-camp to a squadron of huzzars at Pocsi, and another to Suarez, who is in Salinas Pampa, with orders to follow the fugitives. "The rebels in Arequipa had absolutely no time to render assistance. Arequipa remained tranquil. "Nothing can be more providential than the circumstance that this revolution has expired on the outskirts of Arequipa. 66 Send telegrams to the prefects of the other departments, and the Chalaco must return immediately. THE REVOLUTION. "PARDO." SUNDAY, January 3, 1875. The Pacific Steam Navigation Company's steamship Eten arrived this morning, bringing news fully confirmatory of that published in another column which appeared in a special bulletin on Friday last. After the death of Escobar and the defeat of his men, Pierola took flight in the direction of the Santa Rosa baths, with the cavalry after him. Since that time nothing has been heard of him. Eight mules laden with munitions had been taken from the rebels. The total killed in the fight on the 30th was twenty-four; Colonel Escobar and Senor Villafuerte being among the number. General Segura is sick at Omate. Colonel Santa Maria returned by the Eten. The troops from Iquique will arrive by the Bolivia, which is due on Wednesday. A grand banquet has been given to President Pardo in Arequipa. He has not yet visited Puno. The La Noria and Albarracin Montoneros have entirely disappeared, and the whole province of Tarapaca is quiet, although in Iquique the friends of the revolution are greatly crestfallen. On the day of the fight in Arequipa it was reported in Tacna that Pierola was about to enter that city. ATTEMPTED REVOLUTION IN AYACUCHO.-DEATH OF TWO LEADERS. The following dispatch from the prefect of Ayacucho explains the discovery of a conspiracy, and the steps which were taken to suffocate it, and which led to the death of two of the leading conspirators: “AYACUCHO, December 22, 1874. "On the 18th instant I informed the government that I had sent a small force to Cachipacca hacienda, for the purpose of arresting the conspirators who I knew were holding a meeting there. By copies of documents herewith you will learn that that expedition led to nothing save the capture of thirty-six kegs of powder and a packet of communications with reference to the revolution, which were found in a cave in the side of the hill. The conspirators all fled with their arms. Learning from the correspondence captured that the conspiracy was a serious one; that it had agents at Huanta, La Mar, and Cangallo; that it had considerable sums of money sent from Lima; that they had with them a person who had also arrived from the capital for the purpose of directing and leading the movement; and being informed by friends of the government that the rebels were re-assembling in greater numbers, and were casting bullets, making cartridges, and otherwise preparing to attack this city or to resist in the hacienda, which for a long time past has been their meeting-place and depository for their arms, on the night of the 19th I ordered the subprefect and the commander of the police to leave with eighty men for Cachipacca, and gave them written instructions as to the steps to be taken to surround the hacienda and capture all the conspirators and their arms. One of their spies, however, fired off two rockets, which gave them the alarm, and they accordingly took to flight and left the hacienda. I then sent Commander Campos forward with forty men, and he soon after learned they had taken refuge on a steep and difficult hill called Chorro, from which roads run to La Mar and Huanta. Lieutenant Torre with ten men was the first to approach this hill, and on being fired on, his men returned the fire, wounding Señor Felipe Cucalon, who had brought money from Lima for the revolution, and the half-pay lieutenant Señor Adolf Machuca, nephew of General Vargas Machuca, both of whom died yesterday evening. The other conspirators took to flight on perceiving that another picket under Lieutenant Castro was about to close in on their rear. In communicating these facts to the supreme government, I beg also to state that the original documents captured from the conspirators have been handed to the criminal officers in fulfillment of the law. The complete dispersion of these conspirators, and the check it has given to their plans, insures peace in the department. "M. V. ALVAREZ." No. 151.] No. 475. Mr. Thomas to Mr. Fish. LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, Lima, Peru, January 18, 1875. (Received February 12.) SIR: In pursuance of instructions contained in your dispatch No. 111, I have had an informal conversation with the Peruvian minister of for |
